You are driving at 90 miles/hour.  You suddenly see a Police car on the shoulder at 100 meters. How hard you need to hit the break (what should be your deceleration) to reduce you speed from 90 mi/h to 60 mil/s at the time you reach to the officer? Your reaction time, before stepping on the brake is 0.50 s 1 mile/h = 0.45 m/s

In 1974, the United States instituted a national speed limit of 55 miles per hour (mph), a move that generated a great deal of controversy. Proponents of the lower speed limit managed to avoid repeal of this national speed limit by effectively arguing that driving at 55 mph significantly reduced the number of traffic fatalities on U.S. highways. The argument was based on the fact that the total number of traffic fatalities dropped from 55,511 in 1973 to only 46,402 in 1974. Because people have questioned the validity of this argument, you are going to examine more rigorously the hypothesis that the reduction in fatalities was due to the institution of the 55 mph speed limit.

Procedure. Since the change to a 55 mph speed limit occurred a number of years ago, you must use archival data in your study. The U. S. government routinely makes available a wide variety of data on the U.S. population. Most public and private libraries either own or would be able to get the national or state statistics you need. Here is the data you would obtain for the present research question:

Table 1: Annual Traffic Fatalities on U.S. Highways

Year Number of fatalities

1966 53,041

1967 52,924

1968 55,200

1969 55,791

1970 54,633

1971 52,660

1972 56,278

1973 55,511

1974 46,402

1975 45,853

1976 47,038

1977 49,510

1978 50,226

Source: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Statistics of the United States, annual.

One process of policy implementation decision is the rational comprehensive decision making process. Optimum decisions are the goal. While most of the literature and focus is on economic analysis of optimality, we also need to consider social optimality. Part of that process is through empirical analysis of data and determining its validity. Our knowledge of research designs can be a valuable tool. The purpose of this case analysis is to use those tools.

The hypothesis for this policy implementation analysis is the reduction in fatalities was due to the institution of the 55 mph speed limit. Using about 1000 words (three pages of discussion) and at least 3 scholarly references (one can be the text), review this case and respond to the questions:

What kind of threats to internal validity do these events represent?
Is this policy effective? Does the increasing number of fatalities after 1974 have any implications for the effectiveness of the speed limit intervention?
What is/are one or more of the rival explanations?
What would be at least one social cost of this policy? How is it defined and measured?
What decision making theory was used? What theory should have been used?
As a final paragraph, conclude how this case discussion can assist public administrator's decision making in their role as implementing policy.

An automobile manufacturer claims that their jeep has a 34.7 miles/gallon (MPG) rating. An independent testing firm has been contracted to test the MPG for this jeep. After testing 250 jeeps they found a mean MPG of 35.0. Assume the standard deviation is known to be 1.6. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.02 level that the jeeps have an incorrect manufacturer's MPG rating?

Step 4 of 5: Enter the decision rule.

Stock Inc. has two sites in Pittsburgh that are four miles apart. Each site consists of a large factory with office space for 25 users at the front of the factory and up to 50 workstations in two work cells on each factory floor. All office users need access to an inventory database that runs on a server at the Allegheny Street location; they also need access to a billing application with data residing on a server at the Monongahela site. All factory floor users also need access to the inventory database at the Allegheny Street location. Office space is permanently configured, but the manufacturing space must be reconfigured before each new manufacturing run begins. Wiring closets are available in the office space. Nothing but a concrete floor and overhead girders stay the same in the work cell areas. The computers must share sensitive data and control access to files. Aside from the two databases, which run on the two servers, office computers must run standard word-processing and spreadsheet programs. Work cell machines are used strictly for updating inventory and quality control information for the Allegheny Street inventory database. Workstations in the manufacturing cells are switched on only when they’re in use, which might occur during different phases of a manufacturing run. Seldom is a machine in use constantly on the factory floor. Use the following write-on lines to evaluate the requirements for this network. After you finish, determine the best network topology or topology combination for the company. On a blank piece of paper, sketch the network design you think best suits ENorm, Inc.’s needs.

● Will the network be peer to peer or server-based?

● How many computers will be attached to the network?

● What topology works best for the offices, given the availability of wiring closets? What topology works best for the factory floor, given its need for constant reconfiguration?

An automobile manufacturer claims that their van has a 45.945.9 miles/gallon (MPG) rating. An independent testing firm has been contracted to test the MPG for this van. After testing 1111 vans they found a mean MPG of 45.745.7 with a variance of 2.892.89. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.0250.025 level that the vans underperform the manufacturer's MPG rating? Assume the population distribution is approximately normal.

Step 1 of 5:

State the null and alternative hypotheses.

Step 2 of 5:

Find the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Step 3 of 5:

Specify if the test is one-tailed or two-tailed.

Step 4 of 5:

Determine the decision rule for rejecting the null hypothesis. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Step 5 of 5:

Make the decision to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Lon Timur is an accounting major at a midwestern state university located approximately 60 miles from a major city. Many of the students attending the university are from the metropolitan area and visit their homes regularly on the weekends. Lon, an entrepreneur at heart, realizes that few good commuting alternatives are available for students doing weekend travel. He believes that a weekend commuting service could be organized and run profitably from several suburban and downtown shopping mall locations. Lon has gathered the following investment information.

1.Five used vans would cost a total of $75,920 to purchase and would have a 3-year useful life with negligible salvage value. Lon plans to use straight-line depreciation.

2.Ten drivers would have to be employed at a total payroll expense of $48,700.

3.Other annual out-of-pocket expenses associated with running the commuter service would include Gasoline $16,100, Maintenance $3,200, Repairs $4,300, Insurance $4,000, and Advertising $2,500.

4.Lon has visited several financial institutions to discuss funding. The best interest rate he has been able to negotiate is 15%. Use this rate for cost of capital.

5.Lon expects each van to make ten round trips weekly and carry an average of six students each trip. The service is expected to operate 30 weeks each year, and each student will be charged $12 for a round-trip ticket.

a. Determine the annual (1) net income and (2) net annual cash flows for the commuter service. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)

b. Compute (1) the cash payback period and (2) the annual rate of return. (Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 10.50.)

c. Compute the net present value of the commuter service. (Round answer to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)

Stock Inc. has two sites in Pittsburgh that are four miles apart. Each site consists of a large factory with office space for 25 users at the front of the factory and up to 50 workstations in two work cells on each factory floor. All office users need access to an inventory database that runs on a server at the Allegheny Street location; they also need access to a billing application with data residing on a server at the Monongahela site. All factory floor users also need access to the inventory database at the Allegheny Street location. Office space is permanently configured, but the manufacturing space must be reconfigured before each new manufacturing run begins. Wiring closets are available in the office space. Nothing but a concrete floor and overhead girders stay the same in the work cell areas. The computers must share sensitive data and control access to files. Aside from the two databases, which run on the two servers, office computers must run standard word-processing and spreadsheet programs. Work cell machines are used strictly for updating inventory and quality control information for the Allegheny Street inventory database. Workstations in the manufacturing cells are switched on only when they’re in use, which might occur during different phases of a manufacturing run. Seldom is a machine in use constantly on the factory floor. Use the following write-on lines to evaluate the requirements for this network. After you finish, determine the best network topology or topology combination for the company. On a blank piece of paper, sketch the network design you think best suits ENorm, Inc.’s needs.

● Will the network be peer to peer or server-based?

● How many computers will be attached to the network?

● What topology works best for the offices, given the availability of wiring closets? What topology works best for the factory floor, given its need for constant reconfiguration?

can i also have the network design please

Distance (air miles) Fare (dollars) An air travel service is interested in the relationship between distance and airfare. Using distance as the independent variable and an alpha level of .05 answer the following: 636 109 2395 252 2176 221 605 151 403 138 1258 209 264 254 627 259 2342 215 177 128 2521 348 1050 224 441 175 1021 256 336 121 752 252 1333 206 1460 167 2350 308 621 152 737 175 853 191 1894 231 2465 251 1891 291 1028 260 545 123 1489 211 452 139 969 243 a. Write the regression equation. b. Interpret the regression constant and coefficient. c. Forecast a value for the airfare. d. Test the significance of the regression model. e. Test the significance of the regression coefficient. f. Interpret the coefficient of determination. g. Are there any violations of the general linear model?

Lon Timur is an accounting major at a midwestern state university located approximately 60 miles from a major city. Many of the students attending the university are from the metropolitan area and visit their homes regularly on the weekends. Lon, an entrepreneur at heart, realizes that few good commuting alternatives are available for students doing weekend travel. He believes that a weekend commuting service could be organized and run profitably from several suburban and downtown shopping mall locations. Lon has gathered the following investment information.

Click here to view PV table.

(a)

Determine the annual (1) net income and (2) net annual cash flows for the commuter service. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)

(b)

Compute (1) the cash payback period and (2) the annual rate of return. (Round answers to 2 decimal places, e.g. 10.50.)

(c)

Compute the net present value of the commuter service. (Round answer to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125. If the net present value is negative, use either a negative sign preceding the number eg -45 or parentheses eg (45). For calculation purposes, use 5 decimal places as displayed in the factor table provided.)

7. Obtain the following summaries for Miles and Miles_1.

[Go to stat, Summary Stats, Columns, Select columns, choose Statistics, Compute.]

Note you should notice that Mean ‘Miles’ is much larger than the Mean ‘Miles_1’, and Median ‘Miles’ is similar to ‘Median ‘Miles_1’. This justifies your results in Q3.

(a) Compute an estimate of standard deviation, s, for Miles_1 using Range/6 = _______________.

How close is this estimated s to the actual standard deviation of Miles_1:

Estimate s.d./Actual s.d. = _____________

Suppose a student has the Distance of 40. Use the Empirical rule based on the information of ‘Miles_1 variable to decide if this is an unusual Distance or not.

[Note: since the distribution of Miles_1 is not mounded-shaped, Empirical Rule does not work well. However, we can use Empirical rule to identify unusual cases.]

(e) Suppose a student has the Distance of 300. Compute the corresponding Z-score and using the Empirical rule to decide if this is an unusually far distance away from home or not.