In a 1993 article in Accounting and Business Research, Meier, Alam, and Pearson studied auditor lobbying on several proposed U.S. accounting standards that affect banks and savings and loan associations. As part of this study, the authors investigated auditors’ positions regarding proposed changes in accounting standards that would increase client firms’ reported earnings. It was hypothesized that auditors would favor such proposed changes because their clients’ managers would receive higher compensation (salary, bonuses, and so on) when client earnings were reported to be higher. The following table summarizes auditor and client positions (in favor or opposed) regarding proposed changes in accounting standards that would increase client firms’ reported earnings. Here the auditor and client positions are cross-classified versus the size of the client firm.

You will need to type in the FOUR pieces of data into Minitab, along with column headings LARGE and SMALL (firms). Data go into the white cells in Minitab, starting with row 1. Column headings go in the grey shaded cells in Minitab. Do not type in the totals, as those are not new pieces of data.

a) Auditor Positions

Client Positions

(a) Test to determine whether auditor positions regarding earnings-increasing changes in accounting standards depend on the size of the client firm. Use α = .05. (Round your expected frequencies to 2 decimal places. Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)

x^2 =  ; so  (Click to select)  Reject  Do not reject   H₀: independence for auditor positions regarding earnings-increasing changes.

(b) Test to determine whether client positions regarding earnings-increasing changes in accounting standards depend on the size of the client firm. Use α = .05. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)

x^2 =  ; so  (Click to select)  Do not reject  Reject   H₀: independence for client positions regarding earnings-increasing changes.

(d) Does the relationship between position and the size of the client firm seem to be similar for both auditors and clients?

• Yes

• No

In a 1993 article in Accounting and Business Research, Meier, Alam, and Pearson studied auditor lobbying on several proposed U.S. accounting standards that affect banks and savings and loan associations. As part of this study, the authors investigated auditors’ positions regarding proposed changes in accounting standards that would increase client firms’ reported earnings. It was hypothesized that auditors would favor such proposed changes because their clients’ managers would receive higher compensation (salary, bonuses, and so on) when client earnings were reported to be higher. The following table summarizes auditor and client positions (in favor or opposed) regarding proposed changes in accounting standards that would increase client firms’ reported earnings. Here the auditor and client positions are cross-classified versus the size of the client firm.

You will need to type in the FOUR pieces of data into Minitab, along with column headings LARGE and SMALL (firms). Data go into the white cells in Minitab, starting with row 1. Column headings go in the grey shaded cells in Minitab. Do not type in the totals, as those are not new pieces of data.

a) Auditor Positions

(b) Client Positions

(a) Test to determine whether auditor positions regarding earnings-increasing changes in accounting standards depend on the size of the client firm. Use α = .05. (Round your expected frequencies to 2 decimal places. Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)

x^2= _____ ; so (Click to select)Do not reject/Reject H₀: independence for auditor positions regarding earnings-increasing changes.

(b) Test to determine whether client positions regarding earnings-increasing changes in accounting standards depend on the size of the client firm. Use α = .05. (Round your answer to 3 decimal places.)

x^2 =_____ ; so (Click to select)Do not reject/Reject H₀: independence for client positions regarding earnings-increasing changes.

(d) Does the relationship between position and the size of the client firm seem to be similar for both auditors and clients?

Do you agree that the normal physical changes with aging have the potential to affect the person at all levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy? Explain your answer.

Follow a public traded stock and analyze the changes in stock price. Write a presentation and an executive memo of your findings. Choose one of the following companies:

1. Amazon
2. Alphabet
3. Microsoft
4. Facebook
5. Apple

In your presentation you should:

1. Describe graphically the trend of the stock prices during the last 2 months and, in more detail, during the last 3 weeks.
2. Explain the observed trends
3. Compare the trends with relevant indexes
4. Relate these trends to relevant contextual information (example: Covid crisis).
5. Is the development of the prices positive? Do you consider that an investment done two months ago is good? Explain.
6. Regarding this context, briefly forecast the changes in prices for the next month.

A magnetic field directed into the page changes with time according to

When t = 3.20 s  and r₂ = 0.020 0 m, what is the magnitude of the electric field at point P₂?

Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The statement of cash flows should include changes in summary accounts, such as current assets and current liabilities, as well as changes in all individual accounts.

b. If a firm sells equity to reduce long-term bonds, this is a capital financing transaction and does not appear on the statement of cash flows. However, if the firm sells equity in order to purchase assets, this transaction would be included in the statement of cash flows.

c. Net income is normally the firm's primary operating cash flow, but changes in accounts payable, accounts receivable, inventories and accruals are also classified as operating cash flows.

d. Each change on the balance sheet results from one of two types of transactions, either financing activities, such as issuing or retiring new stock or debt, or long-term investment, such as buying and selling assets.

e. The change in the firm's liquidity position is measured by how much greater a firm's sources of funds are than its uses of funds.

The table below is illustrative of the relationship between changes in interest rates and bond prices

True

False

In a two input scenario, if the price of one input changes,____________ will also change:

Group of answer choices

the profit

the marginal physical product

the average value product

all of the above

When looking at changes in prices, you will find that this can impact how firms will react. What are the implications of a higher price level on the economy?