The marketing manager of a well-known automobile engine additive suspects that the use of an in-store display affects the price elasticity of his product. Specifically, he suspects that the presence of an in-store display increases the product’s price elasticity relative to no in-store display. To test this hunch, he would like to do a sales experiment with the 654 retail stores that carry this product. Currently the additive is being sold for $7.99 a bottle.

Specify the variables and groups that would describe the experiment that this manager could use to test this hunch. Explain your choices.

A.)There are four important steps in a Gram stain. List the specific stains/chemicals used in each step, and the color of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria after each step.

B.)Describe 2 reasons why heat fixing a specimen before viewing under a microscope is important.

C.)Describe how the design of the swan - necked flasks in Pasteur's classic experiment helped disprove spontaneous generation. What were the results of the experiment? How did it counter the "vital force" argument believed by many scientists.

1. When designing an experiment to test your hypothesis, you need at least two different conditions. In the “experimental” condition one or more of the variables are altered to test the hypothesis. The other condition is called the “control” condition. In your own words, what is the purpose of the control condition during the experiment. (3 points)

2. Ionic and covalent bonds between atoms are necessary to build molecules and elements. What is a key difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds? Hint: The biggest difference has to do with electrons (3 points)

Coca Cola would like to test the effectiveness of an online advertising campaign it is currently running. Two random samples, each of 300 participants, were recruited for the study in Atlanta. One group was shown the advertisement. Then attitudes towards Coca Cola products were measured for respondents in both groups.

-Identify the IV(s) and DV(s) in the experiment

- What type of experimental design is used? (pre-experimental, true experimental, Quasi-experimental, statistical, etc)

- What are the potential threats to internal and external validity in the experiment?

Sometimes political science students can be confused by similar-sounding terms, such as civil liberties and civil rights, or terms that describe similar but distinct concepts, such as slander and libel. This confusion is often exacerbated when it comes to methodological terms. This exercise is about reinforcing your understanding of similar terms. For each of the word pairs below, define each term and then explain the important differences between them.

1-Internal validity and external validity

1. Causation and correlation

2. Experimental effect and experimental group

3. Test factor and pretest

4. Experiment and field experiment

Experimentation

Anser the questions below based on if you had designed an experiment to test whether exercising for 30 minutes a day has an effect on people who suffer from depression. Explain this experiment in a brief paragraph. Use complete sentences in your answer.

1. What is your experimental hypothesis?

2. What is the dependent variable?

3. What is the independent variable?

4. What is the experimental condition?

5. What is the control condition?

6. Identify at least one potential confounding factor that you would want to control for.

The fluctuation test performed by Luria and Delbruck is consistent with the random mutation hypothesis.

Complete a brief outline of their experiment.

Rank the steps of the experiment from the first to the last.

1. they split the culture into smaller cultures.

2. they took a large culture of a bacterial strain susceptible to infection by a bacteriophage.

3. they determined how many colonies grew on each plate.

4. they plated samples containing equal numbers of bacteria from the cultures on petri plates containing the bacteriophage.

5. they allowed the cultures to double for multiple generations.

In your own words, describe why it wouldn’t be best to run multiple independent-sample t-tests when you have 3 or more groups. Come up with a sample experiment where you would use a between-subjects one-way ANOVA. Come up with a sample experiment where you would use a within-subjects one-way ANOVA. Why do we run post hoc tests? Under what conditions should you run a post hoc test?