Q. An experiment was set up to measure the yield provided by each of three catalysts in a certain reaction. The experiment was repeated three times for each catalyst. The reactor yields, in grams, are below. Catalyst 1: 84.33 90.25 85.62 Catalyst 2: 88.44 89.81 86.53 Catalyst 3: 94.71 91.19 92.81 (a) Construct the ANOVA table for this problem. (b) Determine if differences exist between the catalysts at alpha = 0.05. If there are differences in the catalysts, perform the appropriate multiple comparison procedure to determine which catalyst(s) results in the highest yield.

1. As described in Canadian Research 53.1, Ngai and Srivastava investigated the effects of predators on nutrient cycling by studying the detritus-based insect community in bromeliads in a Costa Rica rainforest. Discuss Ngai and Srivastava’s experiment and their findings, including the following:
   1. Explain why a single bromeliad plant can be considered an ecosystem.
   2. State the hypothesis that Ngai and Srivastava tested, briefly discuss their methods, and include a graph and brief explanation of their results.
   3. Explain Ngai and Srivastava’s statement, “[Our experiment] demonstrates that predation can have counterintuitive effects of nutrient cycling.”

An experiment was set up to measure the yield provided by each of the three catalysts in a certain reaction. The experiment was repeated three times for each catalyst. The reactor yields, in grams, are below.

Catalyst 1: 84.33 90.25 85.62

Catalyst 2: 88.44 89.81 86.53

Catalyst 3: 94.71 91.19 92.81

A) Construct the ANOVA table for this problem.

B) Determine if differences exist between the catalysts at alpha = 0.05. If there are differences in the catalysts, perform the appropriate multiple comparison procedure to determine which catalyst(s) results in the highest yield.

1. Do you think all cell lines will respond the same way to the growth factors? Construct a hypothesis for this experiment.

EXPERIMENT IS: Transfer each cell line into three new flasks for a total of nine flasks. For each cell line: one flask gets platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF); one gets epidermal growth factor (EGF); and one gets no growth factors. Allow cells to grow for 24 hours. View cells under the microscope, and count cells in three fields of view.

Recall the looser pay winner auction experiment done in class.

(a) Discuss how these experiments explain why the bidders changed their minds toward wanting to bid well above the value of the prize, even though they refused to do so at the begging.

(b) Discuss how the experiment explains why George Bush and many citizens changed their minds about a "preemptive" attack on Iraq.

(c) Also explain why England wanted to tax trade in the American colonies; which led to rebellion and the formation of the United States.

A study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 500 people who already have brain cancer. The investigators matched each brain cancer patient with a person of the same sex, age, and race of someone who did not have brain cancer. The researchers then asked these individuals about their use of cell phones. What type of study is this?

Question 1 options:

The marketing manager of a well-known automobile engine additive suspects that the use of an in-store display affects the price elasticity of his product. Specifically, he suspects that the presence of an in-store display increases the product’s price elasticity relative to no in-store display. To test this hunch, he would like to do a sales experiment with the 654 retail stores that carry this product. Currently the additive is being sold for $7.99 a bottle.

Specify the variables and groups that would describe the experiment that this manager could use to test this hunch. Explain your choices.

A.)There are four important steps in a Gram stain. List the specific stains/chemicals used in each step, and the color of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria after each step.

B.)Describe 2 reasons why heat fixing a specimen before viewing under a microscope is important.

C.)Describe how the design of the swan - necked flasks in Pasteur's classic experiment helped disprove spontaneous generation. What were the results of the experiment? How did it counter the "vital force" argument believed by many scientists.

1. When designing an experiment to test your hypothesis, you need at least two different conditions. In the “experimental” condition one or more of the variables are altered to test the hypothesis. The other condition is called the “control” condition. In your own words, what is the purpose of the control condition during the experiment. (3 points)

2. Ionic and covalent bonds between atoms are necessary to build molecules and elements. What is a key difference between ionic bonds and covalent bonds? Hint: The biggest difference has to do with electrons (3 points)