Lavage Rapide is a Canadian company that owns and operates a large automatic car wash facility near Montreal. The following table provides data concerning the company’s costs:

For example, electricity costs are $1,300 per month plus $0.06 per car washed. The company expects to wash 8,400 cars in August and to collect an average of $6.70 per car washed.

The actual operating results for August appear below.

Required:

Prepare a flexible budget performance report including the master or planning budget that shows the company’s revenue and spending variances and activity variances for August. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Input all amounts as positive values.)

A listed industrial company is considering a major investment. The company’s investment projects team needs an appropriate rate at which to discount the estimated after-tax cash flows for the investment. Following the company’s normal practice this is based on the Weighted Average Cost of Capital.

Statement of financial position/long-term financing information:

The loan interest for the current year has just been paid. Interest is payable at the end of each of the next 3 years and the loan is to be redeemed, in cash, at a 5% premium at the end of the three years.

A dividend of 18c per share has just been paid. Dividends have shown an average annual growth rate of 7% over recent years.

The current share price is 210c and the loan has a market value of $97 (per $100 nominal).

The corporation tax rate is expected to be 30% for the near future.

Required:

1. Calculate the company’s Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC).

Explain your workings and any assumptions.

Justify the basis of the weightings which you used.

2. Explain any criticisms which could be made of using the figure calculated above as the discount rate for assessing the investment.

Colbert has been a waiter at the Burger Report in Starkville, Mississippi for four years. The Burger Report treats its employees well, allowing them a 60 percent discount for any food that they buy and consume on the premises (e.g., a $10 meal will cost only $4). In 2019, the value of the discount for Colbert amounted to $2,500 for days on which he was working and $1,500 for days when he was not assigned to work but still stopped by during mealtimes. The average profit the Report earns on a meal is 25 percent (i.e., the cost of a $10 meal is about $8.00). There is no requirement that Colbert eat at the Report during his breaks and some days he does and others he does not. Fortunately, there are a number of other eating establishments near the Report that Colbert can walk to and still get back to his fryolator with plenty of time before his shift starts again. The Report is adequately staffed so it’s not as if Colbert needs to stay at the restaurant to be “on call,” after all, there is no such thing as a “burger emergency!” Prepare a tax research memorandum in good form that provides your conclusion on Colbert’s treatment of the meals provided by his employer at a discount in 2019 for federal tax purposes. Do not consider any reporting by the Report on Colbert’s W-2—focus on only Colbert’s responsibility. Therefore prepare a tax research memo

Lavage Rapide is a Canadian company that owns and operates a large automatic car wash facility near Montreal. The following table provides data concerning the company’s costs: Fixed Cost per Month Cost per Car Washed Cleaning supplies $ 0.40 Electricity $ 1,300 $ 0.07 Maintenance $ 0.15 Wages and salaries $ 4,300 $ 0.20 Depreciation $ 8,100 Rent $ 1,800 Administrative expenses $ 1,600 $ 0.03 For example, electricity costs are $1,300 per month plus $0.07 per car washed. The company expects to wash 8,200 cars in August and to collect an average of $6.20 per car washed. The actual operating results for August appear below.

he actual operating results for August appear below.

Required:

Prepare a flexible budget performance report that shows the company’s revenue and spending variances and activity variances for August. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Input all amounts as positive values.)

1. Received $28,500 cash from the issue of common stock. 2. Purchased inventory on account for $140,000. 3. Sold inventory for $172,500 cash. Sales tax was collected at the rate of 7 percent on the inventory sold. 4. Borrowed $18,000 from First State Bank on March 1, 2016. The note had a 7 percent interest rate and a one-year term to maturity. 5. Paid the accounts payable (see transaction 2). 6. Paid the sales tax due on $140,000 of sales. Sales tax on the other $32,500 is not due until after the end of the year. 7. Salaries for the year for the one employee amounted to $31,000. Assume the Social Security tax rate is 6.20 percent and the Medicare tax rate is 1.45 percent. Federal income tax withheld was $5,000. 8. Paid $2,600 for warranty repairs during the year. 9. Paid $12,500 of other operating expenses during the year. 10.Paid a dividend of $5,200 to the shareholders. Adjustments: 11. The products sold in transaction 3 were warranted. Park estimated that the warranty cost would be 6 percent of sales. 12. Record the accrued interest at December 31, 2016. 13. Record the accrued payroll tax at December 31, 2016. Assume no payroll taxes have been paid for the year and that the unemployment tax rate is 6.20 percent (federal unemployment tax rate is 0.60 percent and the state unemployment tax rate is 5.60 percent on the first $7,000 of earnings per employee). Cost of goods sold was 105,500

Now do the Statement of cash flows . balance sheet income statement statement of changes in stock holders equity

Use the following information to answer the next four questions: Consider two municipalities, A and B, in the same province. Residents in municipality A enjoy attending outdoor music concerts (a public good) held in their public park. Each resident in municipality A has a marginal benefit curve for these concerts given by MB=10-2Q, where Q is the number of outdoor concerts. There are 100 residents in this municipality. Residents in municipality B do not enjoy outdoor music concerts (they are more into sports activities). Each resident in municipality B therefore receives no marginal benefit for these concerts. There are 400 residents in municipality B. Each municipality has the same constant marginal cost of providing these concerts given by MC=125. Suppose outdoor music concerts are typically financed by municipalities with distortionary taxation and that the marginal cost of public funds is MCF=1.6 (assume with no tax exporting).

44. The efficient number of concerts in municipality A is _______________.

45. The efficient number of concerts in municipality B is _______________.

46. Now suppose the two municipalities amalgamate. As a result assume that each of the two municipalities is required to have the same number of concerts and that the number in each municipality is the average of the number before amalgamation. The total loss in net social welfare resulting from the requirement that the two municipalities provide the same number of concerts is $ ___________________.

47. Suppose that instead of financing their concerts with distortionary taxation each of the municipalities (before their amalgamation) had the option of shifting all their tax burden (of financing their concerts) to other jurisdictions through tax exporting. Under this scenario, the number of concerts provided by municipality A (before its amalgamation) would have been ____________.

Please answer with work!!

Case Study There two sets of questions for this module, 1-4 and 5-8, for a total of eight questions. Using the concept of the epidemiological triangle to complete one of the following case studies: John J. is a school nurse at Jackson Elementary School, which was built in 1960. Nurse John has noticed that many students from Ms. Zee’s second grade class have come to the clinic complaining about coughing, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes. Nurse John has also observed that Steven Tea, the only asthmatic student in Ms. Zee’s class, has had more asthma attacks this year than he did last year. Because the rest of the school is not experiencing the same respiratory problems, Nurse John is concerned that something in Ms. Zee’s classroom is causing students to feel ill. Nurse John decides to visit Ms. Zee’s classroom. Upon entering the classroom, one of the few located in the school’s basement, John is struck by the powerful musty smell that inhabits the room. While talking to Ms. Zee, John learns that the classroom has “smelled bad for years,” and that students from previous years have complained about respiratory problems. Nurse John notes that Ms. Zee has stuffed a blanket at the base of the classroom’s small rectangular window near the ceiling because the window does not close completely. John suspects that Ms. Zee’s classroom walls are contaminated with mold. Upon further research, Nurse John learns that if water gets between the exterior and the interior of a building’s wall, mold can grow in the moist environment. This situation can occur as the result of construction defects in the building (e.g., leaky windows). Nurse John also learns that people who are exposed to extensive mold growth may experience allergic reactions, such as hay fever-like allergy symptoms, and that people who already have a chronic respiratory disease, such as asthma, may have trouble breathing when exposed to mold. Nurse John is concerned about the possible mold contamination effect on his asthmatic student, Steven.

1. Identify the agent, host, and environment in this case study, and describe how they interacted to bring about the occurrence of disease.

2. Is the mold contamination in Ms. Zee’s room a point-source pollutant or a non–point-source pollutant?

3. What can Nurse John do to learn more about indoor air quality (IAQ) and about what to do in case of mold?

4. What are some possible interventions that Nurse John could apply to address the mold contamination in Ms. Zee’s room?

This information is related to the primary care provider who orders a blood lead level, which comes back at 45 mcg/dL. On further investigation you discover that Billy’s home was built before 1950. At that time the home is tested, and the dust shows high lead levels. Due to Billy’s age and associated behaviors, such as hand to mouth activities, you determine that the lead dust in the home is a probable exposure, and that Billy should not return to the home. You must also consider multiple sources of exposures.

5.What other sources of exposure might exist?

6.What would you include in an assessment of this situation?

7.What prevention strategies would you use to resolve this issue? At the individual level? The population levels?

Case: Airport Authority

The Airport Authority (AA) has been under considerable pressure from the Regional Government to increase capacity at Changow Airport. Originally built fifty years ago as a small regional airport serving a population of 250000, Changow's single runway is at full capacity for 20 hours of the day. The region's population has climbed to over 5 million and much of this growth in air travel is due to the rapid economic expansion of the region from industry and tourism.

The options facing the AA are not attractive. To increase capacity at Changow presents some serious engineering problems on the only available land to the north, over which a new runway must be built. The problems are due to local geology and some regular flooding from the Hankse River delta flowing nearby. A residential population of about 1 million lives within an area of 15 kilometers to the north of the airport and they believe that their lives would be affected severely by a major new runway.

Moreover, economic developments close to the airport crowd right up to the southern boundary, which is the only suitable means of access from Changow city for a wider road. The land close to the east and west boundaries contains mainly high income residential properties, mixed with isolated green sites, containing rare natural plants, exotic birds and other small wildlife. The State Government recently designated some of these areas as ‘National Heritage Sites’.

The other option is to build a completely new airport at Fongow, at a distance of forty kilometers from Changow, in agricultural land, presently farmed by thousands of small holders, whose families have worked the land there for many generations. New access roads would be needed, plus, perhaps a railway system which would require many bridges and tunnels, and the airport would be close to high wooded hills. There are doubts about the operational feasibility of building an airport so far from the regional capital.

The local political representatives, all members of the governing coalition, favor expansion of Changow airport on the grounds of ‘national economic development’, ‘social progress’ and national pride. So does local business, which claims that the current airport is holding back economic expansion in the region. Airport passengers, business and tourist alike, are plagued by long delays to flights and missed connections, and traffic jams during access and egress/way out along the airport's single and inadequate southern road to Changow city.

Public disquiet/worry about proposals to expand Changow airport have surfaced and are attracting media interest. The main opposition comes from local residents around the airport, though they do not yet form a majority. On the southern boundary, people living along the main road to the airport oppose widening the road because this would mean demolishing many thousands of homes. People living just behind these houses oppose widening because this brings the new road right up to their properties. A ‘Homes Before Roads’ campaign is underway.

People to the north oppose a new airport runway because of the impact during construction and afterwards on the residents who would have to move to make way for it, and on those left behind, who would be near aircraft taking off and landing. A ‘Hands off the Hankse’ campaign has been formed.

1. Summarize the main finding(s) of the case.

GTA Construction Corporation constructed two buildings near the San Andreas fault line. The probability that either of these buildings will experience an earthquake is 4.6 percent. However, if one building experiences an earthquake, the probability that the second building will experience an earthquake is 57 percent. What is the probability (in percent) that both buildings will experience earthquake damage?

IMB Computing creates motherboards for cellphones at their campuses in Seattle and San Diego. The company is worried about computer hackers and hired a consultant to evaluate their risk. The consultant estimated that the San Diego campus has a 12.1 percent chance of being hacked. The consultant also noted that the Seattle location has a 24.4 percent chance of digital hacking. IMB would asks the consultant, what is the probability (in percent) that both campuses will suffer hacking related crime in any given year?

Hishiba Company assembles hard drives and has plants in both the South and the North, spaced about 3,000 miles apart and connected by light rail. Hishiba is worried about local rain causing flooding at their plants. The probability that in any given year a flood will damage the North plant 5.1 percent. The probability that in any given year a flood will damage the South plant is 13 percent. What is the probability (in percent) that at least one of the plants will be damaged by flood in any given year?