(The topic about citation) .
Write a summary of a scientific topic at your choice in civil engineer.You should cite at least two different types of sources (Book, Article, report, website, etc).The citation may be a paraphrase or summary; the direct quotation should not exceed 10%.Use proper citation style, e.g.APA,The summary should not exceed one-page including the references ( on the program word 12 font size and single line space)Note:(1) Avoid plagiarism, copying and pasting.(2)I want the references that you used it.

(The topic about citation).
Write a summary of a scientific topic at your choice in civil engineer(like Performance efficiency study for prefabricated building or Earthquake-resistant structures, bridges.
You should cite at least two different types of sources (Book, Article, report, website, etc). The citation may be a paraphrase or summary; the direct quotation should not exceed 10% .Use proper citation style, e.g APA, The summary should not exceed one page including the references (on the program word 12 font size and single line space) Note: (1) Avoid plagiarism, copying and pasting.(2)I want the references that you used it.

Ok Not on condition for civil engineering, Choose any topic you want and write it.(like a scientific topic on physics)

Listed below are measured amounts of lead in the air. The EPA has established an air quality standard for lead of 1.5 μg/m³. The measurements shown below were recorded at Building 5 of the World Trade Center site on different days immediately following the attacks of Sep. 11. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sample is from a population with a mean greater than the EPA standard. Is there anything about this data set suggesting the assumption of a normally distributed population might not be valid?

5.40     1.10     0.42     0.73     0.48     1.10

1.   Copy and paste the Minitab output for exercise into the document underneath the problem.   You are not also required to do these by hand, unless you want to.  

2. Write the rejection rule word for word as written here, "Reject Ho if the p-value is less than or equal to alpha."

3.   Write the actual p-value and alpha, then either "Reject Ho" or "Do not reject Ho." As an example: 0.0021 ≤ 0.05. True. Reject Ho.

4.    Write an English sentence stating the conclusion, claim, and significance level. As an example: If the claim is "Can we conclude that male business executives are taller, on the average, than the general male population at the  α  = 0.05 level?", and if we found our conclusion to be do not reject Ho, the sentence would be, "There is not enough evidence to conclude that  male business executives are taller, on the average, than the general male population at the  α  = 0.05 level."

Problem 2: Two words are said to be anagrams if one can be formed by permuting the letters of the other. For example: "pots", and "stop" are anagrams. An anagram chain is a list of words that are all anagrams to each other. The shortest anagram chain has length two. We are interested in calculating the length of the longest anagram chain in a given list of words. For example, the following nine words: rates, pots, tops, along, aster, stop, stare, tears, and long has two anagram chains where the longest includes the four words: rates, aster, stare, and tears.

Input

Your program will be tested on a number of test cases. The first line of the input file ("anagram.in") contains an integer D representing the number of test cases in the input file.

Each test case contains one or more words, but no more than 20000 words, with no duplicates. Each word appears on a separate line. All words are in small letters, and in no particular order. No word will be longer than 10 characters. Each test case ends with a string made of one or more '-' characters.

Output

For each test case, write, on a separate line, the length (number of words) of the longest anagram chain found in the given list of words. The output should be printed to the screen.

      Sample Input Sample Output:

2

rates                                                                                                                       4

pots

tops                                                                                                                        2

along

aster

stop

stare

tears

long

------

north

fresher

refresh

thorn

bye

--

Park Rangers in a Yellowstone National Park have determined that fawns less than 6 months old have a body weight that is approximately normally distributed with a mean µ = 26.1 kg and standard deviation σ = 4.2 kg. Let x be the weight of a fawn in kilograms. Complete each of the following steps for the word problems below:  Rewrite each of the following word problems into a probability expression, such as P(x>30).  Convert each of the probability expressions involving x into probability expressions involving z, using the information from the scenario.  Sketch a normal curve for each z probability expression with the appropriate probability area shaded.  Solve the problem.

1. What is the probability of selecting a fawn less than 6 months old in Yellowstone that weighs less than 25 kilograms?

2. What is the probability of selecting a fawn less than 6 months old in Yellowstone that weighs more than 19 kilograms?

3. What is the probability of selecting a fawn less than 6 months old in Yellowstone that weighs between 30 and 38 kilograms?

4. If a fawn less than 6 months old weighs 16 pounds, would you say that it is an unusually small animal? Explain and verify your answer mathematically.

5. What is the weight of a fawn less than 6 months old that corresponds with a 20% probability of being randomly selected? Explain and verify your answer mathematically.

Java Codes:

1. Create a class named Proficiency1Practice In the main method, first ask the user to enter a short sentence which ends in a period. Use Java String class methods to determine the following about the sentence and display in the console: • How many total characters are in the sentence? • What is the first word of the sentence? Assume the words are separated by a space. • How many characters are in the first word of the sentence? Second, ask the user to enter three separate words and display them in alphabetical order.

2. Create a class named Proficiency2Practice In the main method write code that takes two numbers from the Java console representing, respectively, an investment, and an interest rate. Then calculate and output the future value of the investment, in dollars and cents, using the following formula: future value = investment * ( 1 + interest rate )year Assume that the interest rate is an annual rate and is compounded annually, and that year is a whole number greater than or equal to 1. Your program should display the value of the investment in 5, 10 and 20 years. Both of the inputs need to be positive values, so use an if statement to test the user input. If a negative value was entered, display a message to the user, convert the input to a positive value, and continue with your program. (Later in the semester, you’ll learn how to loop and repeat the request for input when there is a problem with an input value.)

In this assignment, we will build custom functions in R. As an example, the following function called addPercent converts a value into a percentage with one decimal place.

addPercent - function(x){
percent - round(x*100, digits = 1)
result - paste(percent, "%", sep = "")
return(result)
}

Below are a few output results from this function.

addPercent(.1)
[1] "10%"
addPercent(10)
[1] "1000%"
addPercent(10.1)
[1] "1010%"
addPercent(0.1443)
[1] "14.4%"

1. Write a custom R function that inputs a temperature in Fahrenheit F^o and converts to Celsius C^o. The relationship is C^o = 5(F^o - 32)/9.
2. Write a custom R function that computes the sum of squares of two numbers.
3. Write a custom R function that takes any univariate dataset and calculates the mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation.
4. In statistics, a dataset needs to be transformed in order to meet certain assumptions. Write a custom R function that takes any univariate dataset and creates a histogram of the raw dataset and a histogram of the log-transformed dataset.
5. Write a custom R function of your own. Describe what your function does and produce the output.

Using a Word document, include your functions along with least four different output results from each of the functions 1 through 5. Provide screenshots of the output results in a Word document that shows the current date.

question 3.1
a)   Briefly explain how a decrease in housing prices would affect consumption and investment. You may assume that consumers would like to maintain their target wealth. (word limit: max 100 words)

You answer.

b)   Given your answer to a), what is likely to happen to GDP? Explain using a diagram.

You answer.

c)   Given your answer to b), how can the government use fiscal policy to prevent GDP from changing? Use a diagram in your explanation.

You answer.

d)   If the marginal propensity to import is large, what can be said about effectiveness of fiscal policy? (2 mark)

You answer.

question 3.2
Country X has run budget deficit for the past twenty years and its government debt stands at 120% of GDP. Due to pandemic of COVID-19 the government considers implementing big investment in infrastructure and effective decrease in taxes. Expert 1 says that the debt to GDP ratio is too high and the country cannot afford increasing it any further. Expert 1 suggests printing money instead to finance budget deficit arguing that it would be cheaper and more efficient way of financing budget deficit. You are hired as Expert 2. Would you agree with Expert 1? Explain. What would be your advice to the government? (word limit: max 200 words).

You answer.

Write the simplest program possible in your language of choice containing your 'main' and any other functions you may need that will:

A. Read a sequence of words up to a maximum of 64 words from std input. Before reading the input, prompt the user to enter the words.

B. Check to see if there any duplicate words in the input read.

C. If there are no duplicates, print out to std output the message 'No Duplicates'.

D. If there are duplicates, print out on separate lines each word that is duplicated and the number of instances of that word. The results should be sorted in ascending

E. If you write helper functions to your main, ensure that all input and output happens only in main.

F. Do not use Vectors, Collections, or any other data structures provided by the language platform or any oft-used third party libraries like STL.

G. Take screenshot of your program execution with the following samples.

H. Your program will be tested with my own input.

Please do it in Python

For this activity, you will use a top-down approach to create part of a specification for development of a video game. The game can be any genre or theme that you’d like, but for this exercise, you should choose a single platform (smartphones, iPads, PS4, PC, etc.).

Your “roadmap” should cover the following elements:

Cover the specifications for the software needs and requirements of the project, presented in a top-down approach (starting with the “big picture” and breaking down from there into the smaller requirements). Remember that not all software needs are programming related. For each need or requirement, propose a software solution. You don’t have to specify the exact program you would use (for example, you could say “word processor” instead of “Microsoft Word”).
You may use any requirement tracking technique or tool you like in building the requirements list. One program, platform, application, or piece of software can meet many different needs.
In a separate section, you should describe how you will apply prototyping techniques and analysis tools to improve the final product. Again, this discussion should consider what, if any, tools you will need to implement prototyping.
You can structure the specification however you think best, as long as it maintains a top-down perspective. Suggested formats include a flowchart style or a tiered outline.
You can refer to online resources or independent research for this activity.

Working in teams has become necessary in many organizations and school projects. In this class, you have also been allocated to project teams. Together with your teammates, you have accomplished two team projects. Reflect upon your experiences of the learning journey, drawing connections between Organizational Behavior theories and your team processes, and discuss accordingly. In particular:

a) What did your team do well? Identify your team’s top two key success factors and explain what interventions or unintended actions contributed to those positive experiences. (Discuss and Elaborate more with Individual Differences, Groups & Teams - 5 Stages of Team Development, Diversity & Inclusion, Leadership, Organisational Behavior, Management and other related topics.) (Word limit of 300 words)

b) What went wrong at certain points? What were the reasons behind the process losses in your team? Discuss up to two issues and explain how your team turned around these situations. (Discuss and Elaborate more with Individual Differences, Groups & Teams - 5 Stages of Team Development, Diversity & Inclusion, Leadership, Organisational Behavior, Management and other related topics.) (Word limit of 300 words)

*PLEASE TYPE YOUR ANSWER (NO SCREENSHOTS OR IMAGES) IN FULL SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH/REPORT FORMAT, NO POINT FORM. THANK YOU IN ADVANCE