Questions
Use computer software packages, such as Minitab or Excel, to solve this problem. The owner of...

Use computer software packages, such as Minitab or Excel, to solve this problem.

The owner of Showtime Movie Theaters, Inc., would like to predict weekly gross revenue as a function of advertising expenditures. Historical data for a sample of eight weeks follow.

Use computer software packages, such as Minitab or Excel, to solve this problem.

The owner of Showtime Movie Theaters, Inc., would like to predict weekly gross revenue as a function of advertising expenditures. Historical data for a sample of eight weeks follow.

Weekly Television Newspaper
Gross Revenue Advertising Advertising
($1,000s) ($1,000s) ($1,000s)
105 5.0 1.5
90 2.0 2.0
95 4.0 1.5
92 2.5 2.5
94 3.0 3.3
94 3.5 2.3
94 2.5 4.2
98 3.0 2.5

a. Develop an estimated regression equation with the amount of television advertising as the independent variable (to 1 decimal).

b. Develop an estimated regression equation with both television advertising and newspaper advertising as the independent variables (to 2 decimals).

c. Is the estimated regression equation coefficient for television advertising expenditures the same in part (a) and in part (b)?

d. Predict weekly gross revenue for a week when thousand is spent on television advertising and thousand is spent on newspaper advertising?

NOTE: To compute the predicted revenues, use the coefficients you have computed rounded to two decimals, as you have entered them here. Then, also round your predicted revenue to two decimal places.

in thousands

In: Statistics and Probability

Background Getswift Ltd (“Getswift”) is a newly listed company involved that provides a software distribution solution....

Background Getswift Ltd (“Getswift”) is a newly listed company involved that provides a software distribution solution. The board has heard that a new revenue standard (IFRS 15) has been issued and as none of the board has a financial background, they are unsure what it means for them. They have heard though that the impact of the new standard on most businesses will be significant. As a result, they have engaged your consultancy firm to provide them with a letter of advice to explain the impact that the new standard will have on the income recognition of Getswift. REQUIRED You are required to provide a letter of advice to the board of Getswift explaining the requirements of the new revenue standard with a focus on how it will impact their particular revenue recognition. In addition, you are required to write a short transmittal email enclosing the letter of advice. Important Additional Information You are expected to research this company and gain an understanding of what they do so that you understand the nature of their revenue. The 2016/2017 annual report should be used as a starting point but you are expected to go further than this. This assessment requires much more than copying the requirements from the new standard and those students that just do this will be marked poorly. The majority of the marks will be for the application of the standard to Getswift’s revenue sources. Therefore, you need an understanding of what they do. The language of your letter of advice should be tailored to the audience and their level of financial literacy. Required Format and additional requirements You are required to produce: 1. A transmittal email to the Board 2. A Letter of Advice, addressed to the Board, which includes references

In: Accounting

Suppose a manager hires a technician to operate the machine for $5000 per month. The firm’s...

  1. Suppose a manager hires a technician to operate the machine for $5000 per month. The firm’s monthly revenue depends on only two factors: (1) luck and (2) effort exerted by the technician. The probability of having good luck and that of having bad luck are both 0.5. The technician can choose to exert high effort or low effort, depending on which option maximizes his monthly income. Assume that low effort does not cost the technician while high effort costs him $1000. Below is the firm’s payoff table:

Good luck (50% chance)

Bad luck (50% chance)

Low effort

24,000

12,000

High effort

40,000

24,000

  1. If the technician is paid with a fixed amount of $5000 per month, which level of effort would he choose? Provide your reasoning.
  2. What is the corresponding expected revenue for the firm?
  3. If the manager tries to improve the firm’s expected revenue by offering a pay for performance scheme, why do you think this may or may not work to exert high effort from the technician?
  4. If the pay for performance scheme is listed as the following:

(1) If the revenue is below or equal to 24,000, then the technician receives $5000.

(2) If the revenue is larger than 24,000, then the technician receives $5000 plus a bonus of X dollars.

If the bonus is 3000 dollars, would it encourage the technician to put in high effort? Make sure you support your answer with numerical values.

  1. Continue the pay for performance scheme. What is the minimum amount of bonus so that the technician is willing to exert high effort?

In: Finance

Part 1 Prior to closing, Syracuse Company's accounting records showed the following balances: Retained earnings$16,800 Service...

Part 1

Prior to closing, Syracuse Company's accounting records showed the following balances:

Retained earnings$16,800 Service revenue 21,750 Interest revenue 1,800 Salaries expense 12,300 Operating expense 3,450 Interest expense 900 Dividends 2,700

After closing, Syracuse's retained earnings balance would be?

Part 2

Revenue on account amounted to $9,000. Cash collections of accounts receivable amounted to $8,100. Cash paid for expenses was $7,500. The amount of employee salaries accrued at the end of the year was $900. Cash flow from operating activities was

A)900

B)600

C)1500

D)8700

Part 3

The purpose of the accrual basis of accounting is to:

Match assets and liabilities in the proper period.

Report expenses when cash disbursements are made.

Report revenue when received.

Match revenues and expenses in the proper period.

Part 4

Earning revenue on account would be classified as a/an?

claims exchange transaction.

asset use transaction.

asset source transaction.

asset exchange transaction.

Part 5

Which of the following describes the effects of a claims exchange transaction on a company's financial statements?

Assets = Liab. + Equity Rev. - Exp. = Net Inc. Cash Flow
A. NA = NA + NA NA - NA = NA +OA
B. + = + + NA NA - NA = NA +OA
C. NA = + + - NA - + = - NA
D. All of these could represent the effects of a claims exchange transaction.

A) option A

B)option B

C) option C

D)option D

In: Accounting

The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2021, for the Bagley Consulting Company appears below....

The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2021, for the Bagley Consulting Company appears below. December 31 is the company’s reporting year-end.

Account Title Debits Credits
Cash 7,650
Accounts receivable 7,750
Prepaid insurance 3,200
Land 215,000
Buildings 60,000
Accumulated depreciation—buildings 24,000
Office equipment 93,000
Accumulated depreciation—office equipment 37,200
Accounts payable 28,850
Salaries payable 0
Deferred rent revenue 0
Common stock 230,000
Retained earnings 46,950
Service revenue 82,000
Interest revenue 4,200
Rent revenue 5,100
Salaries expense 32,000
Depreciation expense 0
Insurance expense 0
Utilities expense 21,200
Maintenance expense 18,500
Totals 458,300 458,300


Information necessary to prepare the year-end adjusting entries appears below.

  1. The buildings have an estimated useful life of 50 years with no salvage value. The company uses the straight-line depreciation method.
  2. The office equipment is depreciated at 10 percent of original cost per year.
  3. Prepaid insurance expired during the year, $1,600.
  4. Accrued salaries at year-end, $1,250.
  5. Deferred rent revenue at year-end should be $800.


Required:
1.
From the trial balance and information given, prepare adjusting entries.
2. Post the beginning balances and adjusting entries into the appropriate T-accounts.
3. Prepare an adjusted trial balance.
4. Prepare closing entries.
5. Prepare a post-closing trial balance.

In: Accounting

Revenue Recognition The Company generally recognizes sales, which include shipping fees where applicable, net of estimated...

Revenue Recognition

The Company generally recognizes sales, which include shipping fees where applicable, net of estimated returns, at the time the member takes possession of merchandise or receives services. When the Company collects payments from customers prior to the transfer of ownership of merchandise or the performance of services, the amounts received are generally recorded as deferred sales, included in other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, until the sale or service is completed. The Company reserves for estimated sales returns based on historical trends in merchandise returns, net of the estimated net realizable value of merchandise inventories to be returned and any estimated disposition costs. Amounts collected from members, which under common trade practices are referred to as sales taxes, are recorded on a net basis.

The Company evaluates whether it is appropriate to record the gross amount of merchandise sales and related costs or the net amount earned as commissions. Generally, when Costco is the primary obligor, is subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing prices and selecting suppliers, can influence product or service specifications, or has several but not all of these indicators, revenue and related shipping fees are recorded on a gross basis. If the Company is not the primary obligor and does not possess other indicators of gross reporting as noted above, it records the net amounts as commissions earned, which is reflected in net sales.

The Company accounts for membership fee revenue, net of estimated refunds, on a deferred basis, whereby revenue is recognized ratably over the one-year membership period. The Company’s Executive Members qualify for a 2% reward (up to a maximum of $750 per year on qualified purchases), which can be redeemed at Costco warehouses. The Company accounts for this reward as a reduction in sales. The sales reduction and corresponding liability (classified as accrued member rewards on the consolidated balance sheets) are computed after giving effect to the estimated impact of non-redemptions based on historical data. The net reduction in sales was $970, $900, and $790 in 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively.

Required:

a.      a.      Explain in plain English how Costco recognizes revenue from annual memberships.

         b.      Does Costco recognize revenue in consistence with the revenue recognition principle in GAAP? Explain your answer.

In: Accounting

Multiple Choice 1) A classified balance sheet: • Organizes assets and liabilities into important subgroups that...

Multiple Choice

1) A classified balance sheet:

• Organizes assets and liabilities into important subgroups that provide more information.
• Broadly groups items into assets, liabilities and equity.
• Measures a company's ability to pay its bills on time.
• Reports the effect of profit and dividends on retained earnings.
• Reports operating, investing, and financing activities.

2) A credit entry:

• Is recorded on the left side of a T-account.
• Decreases asset and expense accounts, and increases liability, stockholders' equity, and revenue accounts.
• Is always an increase in an account.
• Is always a decrease in an account.
• Increases asset and expense accounts, and decreases liability, stockholders' equity, and revenue accounts.

3) A debit:

• ls the left-hand side of a T-account.
• Is the right-hand side of a T-account.
• Is not need to record a transaction.
• Always decreases an account.
• Always increases an account.

4) A double-entry accounting system is an accounting system:

• That records each transaction twice.
• That insures that errors never occur.
• That may only be used if T-accounts are used.
• In which each transaction affects and is recorded in two or more accounts but that could include two debits and no
credits.
• That records the effects of transactions and other events in at least two accounts with equal debits and credits.

5) Accounting is an information and measurement system that does all of the following except:

• Communicates business activities.
• Records business activities.
• Helps people make better decisions.
• ldentifies business activities.
• Eliminates the need for interpreting financial data.

6) An account linked with another account that has an opposite normal balance and is subtracted from
the balance of the related account is a(n):

• Adjunct account.
• Accrued expense
• Accrued revenue.
• Intangible asset.
• Contra account.

7) Closing the temporary accounts at the end of each accounting period does all of the following except:

• Brings the revenue and expense accounts to zero balances.
• Serves to trarnsfer the effects of these accounts to the retained earnings account on the balance sheet.
• Causes retained earnings to reflect increases from revenues and decreases from expenses and dividends.
• Prepares the dividends account for use in the next period.
• Has no effect on the retained earnings account.

8) Fragmental Co. leased a portion of its store to another company for eight months beginning on
October 1, at a monthly rate of $800. Fragmental collected the entire $6,400 cash on October 1 and
recorded it as unearned revenue. Assuming adjusting entries are only made at year-end, the adjusting
entry made by Fragmental Co. on December 31 would be

• Adebit to Rent Revenue anda credit to Unearned Rent for $2,400.
• A debit to Unearned Rent and a credit to Rent Revenue for $2,400.
• A debit to Rent Revenue and a credit to Cash for $2,400.
• A debit to Cash and a credit to Rent Revenue for $6,400.
• A debit to Unearned Rent and a credit to Rent Revenue for $4,000.

9) Holman Company owns equipment with an original cost of $95,000 and an estimated salvage value of
$5,000 that is being depreciated at $15,000 per year using the straight-ine depreciation method, and
only prepares adjustments at year-end. The adjusting entry needed to record annual depreciation is

• Debit Depreciation Expense, $10,000; credit Accumulated Depreciation, $10,000.
• Debit Equipment, $15,000: credit Accumulated Depreciation, $15,000.
• Debit Depreciation Expense, $10,000; credit Equipment, $10,000.
• Debit Depreciation Expense, $15,000; credit Equipment, $15,000.
• Debit Depreciation Expense, $15,000; credit Accumulated Depreciation, $15,000.

10) It is obvious that an error occurred in the preparation and/or posting of closing entries if:

• the income summary account is debited for the amount of net income for the period.
• all revenue and expense accounts have zero balances.
• all balance sheet accounts have zero balances.
• only permanent accounts appear on the post-closing trial balance.
• the retained earnings account is debited for the amount of the net loss for the period.

In: Accounting

On January 1, Year 1, a contractor agrees to build on the customer’s land a bridge...

On January 1, Year 1, a contractor agrees to build on the customer’s land a bridge that is expected to be completed at the end of Year 3. The bridge is a single performance obligation to be satisfied over time. The contractor determines that the progress toward completion of the bridge is reasonably measurable using the input method based on costs incurred. The contract price is $4,000,000, and initial expected total costs of the project are $2,400,000.

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Costs incurred during each year

$   600,000

$1,200,000

$1,100,000

Costs expected in the future

1,800,000

1,200,000


^ this is the question form the professor and I did the answers for year 1-2-3 :

Year 1
By the end of Year 1, 25% [$600,000 ÷ ($600,000 + $1,800,000)] of the total expected costs have been incurred. Using the input method based on costs incurred, the contractor recognizes 25% of the total expected revenue ($4,000,000 contract price × 25% ) = $1,000,000 and cost of goods sold $2,400,000.× 25%) = $600,000. The difference between these amounts is the gross profit for Year 1.

Revenue $1,000,000, Cost of goods sold $600,000 , Gross profit (1,000,000 – 600,000) =$400,000. The gross profit in Year 1 of $400,000 also may be calculated as total expected gross profit from the project of $1,600,000 ($4,000,000 - $2,400,000) times the progress toward completion of the contract of 25%.

Year 2
By the end of Year 2, total costs incurred are $1,800,000 ($600,000+ $1,200,000). Given that $1,200,000 is expected to be incurred in the future, the total expected cost is $3,000,000 ($1,800,000 + $1,200,000). The change in the total cost of the contract must be accounted for prospectively. By the end of Year 2, 60% ($1,800,000 ÷ $3,000,000) of expected costs have been incurred.
Thus, $2,400,000 ($4,000,000 × 60%) of cumulative revenue and $1,800,000 ($ 3,000,000 × 60%) of cumulative cost of goods sold should be recognized for Years 1 and 2.
Because $1,000,000 of revenue and $600,000 of cost of goods sold were recognized in Year 1, revenue of $1,400,000 ($2,400,000 cumulative revenue - $1,000,000) and cost of goods sold of $1,200,000 ($1,800,000 cumulative cost of goods sold - $600,000) are recognized in Year 2.
Revenue
$1,400,000
Cost of goods sold
1,200,000
Gross profit -- Year 2
$200,000*
* The gross profit in Year 2 of $200,000 also may be calculated as the cumulative gross profit for Years 1 and 2 of $600,000 [($4,000,000 - $3,000,000) × 60%] minus the gross profit recognized in Year 1 of $400,000.

Year 3
At the end of Year 3, the project is completed, and the total costs incurred for the contract are $2,900,000 ($600,000 + $1,200,000 + $1,100,000). Given $2,400,000 of cumulative revenue and $1,800,000 of cumulative cost of goods sold for Years 1 and 2, $1,600,000 ($4,000,000 contract price - $2,400,000) of revenue and $1,100,000 ($2,900,000 total costs - $1,800,000) of cost of goods sold are recognized in Year 3.

Revenue
$1,600,000
Cost of goods sold
1,100,000
Gross profit -- Year 3
$500,000
NOTE: (1) The total gross profit from the project of $550,000 ($400,000 + $200,000 + $500,000) equals the contract price of $4,000,000 minus the total costs incurred of $2,900,000. (2) When progress toward completion is measured using the cost-to-cost method, as in the example above, the cost of goods sold recognized for the period equals the costs incurred during that period.

NOW : I need the answer for this question:

An entity may not be able to estimate the degree of completion of a project at the end of the first year, perhaps because this is the first time such a project has been undertaken by the firm. In that case, how much revenue would the firm recognize in that year if significant costs have been incurred in the construction process?

In: Accounting

Goal: Please answer the questions below. The main goal of this homework is to see if...

Goal:
Please answer the questions below. The main goal of this homework is to see if you can calculate the profit maximization point for this small wedding cake business. I hope that you will be able to merge your knowledge of basic accounting and microeconomic theory in order to calculate the profit maximization point, make comments about efficiency, and make logical recommendations to the firm's management to ensure their future success.

Current Situation:
The local wedding cake business was very competitive during 2012. Delicious Deserts was the only wedding cake bakery in the entire county of two million people for several years. They often charged as much as $300 to $500 for each wedding cake. But a new competitor recently came into the market and started selling "discount wedding cakes" for less than $150. The quality and the taste of the discount wedding cakes were acceptable for most of their customers. Both businesses operated in a low-to moderate-income county in California where the average household income was not much higher than $40,000 per year.

The Challenge For Delicious Deserts:
At first the news of a low-cost competitor was terrible news for Delicious Deserts. They had no choice. They had to charge from $300 to $500 per wedding cake to cover their high costs. However, because of this new competition, the husband and wife owners of Delicious Deserts decided to make the business more efficient and lower costs. They invested in better ovens and created better tasting cakes using special ingredients. Their customers went crazy over their new and unique 80 proof Italian Rum Wedding cake that actually got people slightly drunk if they ate more than three slices.

To boost sales during 2012 they hired part-time telemarketers and social media experts. They also increased their advertising in traditional media such as local wedding magazines. They also displayed eye-catching ads in local churches, entertainment centers and jewelry stores.

They also experimented with a new pricing model in which they lowered prices each quarter. Indeed, they found that as they lowered their prices, they sold more cakes. They hired an "A" student who took a microeconomics class with Professor Ed Torres to do an elasticity analysis. The student estimated that the price elasticity for wedding cakes was 1.25 (elastic) and that the income elasticity was 2.10 (a luxury good). The owners of Delicious Deserts were not aware of this information. The student told them that they made a huge pricing strategy error for many years by charging high prices on an elastic good within a low-to moderate-income county.

The profit and loss statement below shows that Delicious Deserts made a Total Revenue of $275,000 and sold 1,375 wedding cakes. During 2012, they made three times (3X) more than they did versus 2011. Of course, because they invested in new ovens, made more cakes, and hired new part-time staff, the cost of doing business also rose. The net profit for 2012 was a slim $32,175. The salary for a professional desert baker averaged $70,000 per year in California.

Please examine the profit and loss statement on the next page, then answer the questions on pages 4 through 6.  





















Delicious Deserts, Incorporated
Income Statement For The Year Ending December 31, 2012

Revenues

Gross Sales....................................................................$275,000
Less: Sales Discounts ..................................................$ 2,500
Less: Returns (Cancelled Weddings)...........................$ 2,000
Net Sales...............................................................................................$270,500

Cost of Goods Sold

Beginning Inventory (January 1).................................$ 18,000
Cost Of Ingredients To Bake Cakes............................$109,500
Total Cost of Goods For Sale......................................$127,500
Less: Ending Inventory December 31.........................$ 15,000
Cost of Goods Sold..............................................................................$112,500

Gross Profit.....................................................................................................$158,000

Operating Expenses
Selling Expenses
Sales Commissions........................................$ 31,000
Advertising...................................................$ 16,000
Other Selling Expenses (Internet).................$ 18,000
Total Selling Expenses...............................................$ 65,000

General and Administrative Expenses
Professional & Office Salaries.................................$ 20,500
Utilities....................................................................$ 5,000
Office Supplies........................................................$ 1,500
Bank Interest Paid on Loans....................................$ 3,600
Insurance.................................................................$ 2,500
Rent (Fixed Cost)....................................................$ 17,000
Total General & Administrative Expense.............................$ 50,100
Total Operating Expenses..................................................$115,100

Net Profit Before Taxes..............................................................................$ 42,900
Less: Federal/State/Local Taxes................................................................$ 10,725
NET PROFIT.............................................................................................$ 32,175

   


Question #1:
What was the Total Fixed Cost of running this business?

Free Answer:
The rent was the only fixed cost that Delicious Deserts had. They paid $17,000 per year or $1,416.66 per month for rent. All other expenses were variable costs.

Question #2:
What was the Total Variable Cost of running this business?

Answer: $________________________________________

Clue:
Add up Cost of Goods Sold, Total Operating Expenses (less Rent), Income Tax Expense and include the write-off losses from Sales Discounts & Wedding Cancellations.


Question #3:
Assuming that Delicious Deserts sold 150 cakes during Q1, 300 cakes during Q2, 450 cakes during Q3, and 475 cakes during Q4, what was the Total Revenue during each quarter assuming the prices were: Q1 - $275 per cake, Q2 - $240 per cake, Q3 - $180 per cake and Q4 - $170 per cake?    

Q1 - Total Revenue = $____________________________

Q2 - Total Revenue = $____________________________

Q3 - Total Revenue = $____________________________

Q4 - Total Revenue = $____________________________







The "A" student did a quarterly cost breakdown analysis for Delicious Deserts. A month-to-month analysis would have been better, but the owners just wanted a quick quarterly analysis. Q1 = 150 cakes sold, Q2 = 300 cakes sold, Q3 = 450 cakes sold and Q4 = 475 sold.   

Quantity Sold

0

150

300

450

475

Demand/Price

$275

$275

$240

$180

$170

MR

$275

$205

$ 60

($ 10)

ATC

$238

$207

$153

$151

MC

$200

$175

$ 47

$283

TR

$41250

$72000

$81000

$80750

TC

$35750

$62000

$69000

$76075

Net Profit

$ 5500

$10000

$12000

$ 4675

Challenge Question #4:
Hint: Use the instructions on page 7 of the Excel 2016 handout.

Can you plot a nice-looking graph to show how the demand curve, the average total cost, marginal cost, and marginal revenue curves look like? Paste it on this page or attach a separate page to this homework.   




  

    

           





Question #5
What is the MC=MR Profit Maximization point? What quantity should Delicious Deserts be producing at 'and' what price should they be charging to maximize their profits?







Question #6
Why isn't it a good idea for them to produce and sell as many cakes as they can? Is it more profitable to sell less cakes at this current stage of their business?






Question #7
Do you have any other recommendations for Delicious Deserts to increase their revenues, profits, market share, and client retention?

In: Economics

The Terminator Trans Ocean Shipping (“Trans Ocean”) provides domestic and international transportation and logistics services to...

The Terminator

Trans Ocean Shipping (“Trans Ocean”) provides domestic and international transportation and logistics services to customers. The company contracts shipping vessels, trucks, and aircraft to provide regional, long-haul, and international shipments of customer goods. Trans Ocean has entered into the following contracts:

In March 2019, Trans Ocean entered into a revenue contract with a customer, Asia Manufacturing (“Asia”), in which Trans Ocean would be the exclusive shipper of Asia’s products between Shanghai and Los Angeles. Trans Ocean’s contract with Asia is effective on July 1, 2019. Before signing the contract with Asia, Trans Ocean did not operate the Shanghai Los Angeles route, and to satisfy the contract with Asia, in April 2019, Trans Ocean leases a cargo ship from Heavy Vessel Manufacturing (“Heavy”), which commences on July 1, 2019.

Because the shipping route is new, on July 1, 2019, (1) Trans Ocean has no other customers to deliver goods on the Shanghai-Los Angeles route and (2) because of operational costs, Trans Ocean does not have alternative uses for the leased cargo ship.

Trans Ocean adopted ASC 842, Leases, on January 1, 2019.

The following are relevant facts about Trans Ocean’s revenue contract with Asia, and Trans Ocean’s lease with Heavy.

Trans Ocean’s Revenue Contract With Asia

• The revenue contract’s stated term with Asia is for one year.

• Asia can renew the contract annually for up to four additional years. Therefore, the revenue contract can extend to five full years.

• Asia pays a significant up-front nonrefundable fee for the initial one-year term; the same amount is due at the beginning of every renewal period.

• Asia can cancel at any time without incurring a penalty outside of forfeiting any up-front nonrefundable fees already paid or owed at the beginning of the initial contract term and any and each renewed period.

• Although the contract is new, Trans Ocean and Asia have entered into similar arrangements with similar terms and historically, Asia has renewed for one or more years.

• Trans Ocean appropriately concludes that (1) the revenue contract meets the scope of, and criteria in, ASC 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers, and (2) the contract term for its revenue contract with Asia is one year.

Trans Ocean’s Lease With Heavy

• The contract between Trans Ocean and Heavy contains a lease under ASC 842.

• Rental payments are at market and fixed each year.

• To mitigate risks, Trans Ocean negotiated the lease period and renewal options to mirror those of Trans Ocean’s revenue contract with Asia. As a result, the fixed, noncancelable term of the lease is one year, and Trans Ocean can renew annually for four additional years (i.e., up to five full years).

Trans Ocean believes that since Asia can terminate the revenue contract after one year (even though Asia may need to ship products for longer than a year and has historically renewed under other similarly structured contracts), it is uncertain whether Asia will renew the revenue contract. Because of this uncertainty, Trans Ocean believes that the renewal options related to the lease are not reasonably certain at the commencement date of the lease.

As a result, Trans Ocean concludes that the lease term for its lease contract with Heavy is also one year.  

1. Under US GAAP, do you agree with Trans Ocean’s conclusion that the lease term for the cargo vessel is one year because the revenue contract is for one year?

2. According to US GAAP, what factors should Trans Ocean consider in supporting its conclusion related to the lease term?

Additional Facts:

On December 1, 2019, Trans Ocean entered into a shipping contract with Eastern Manufacturing Company (“Eastern”) to ship Eastern’s products between Shanghai and Los Angeles. The contract with Eastern commences on January 1, 2020, and on the basis of Trans Ocean’s evaluation of its enforceable rights and obligations in the contract with Eastern, Trans Ocean concludes that term of the revenue contract with Eastern is for a period of two years. Further, Trans Ocean concludes that (1) because of its contract with Asia and Eastern, it would not be operationally feasible to deploy the leased cargo vessel on other routes; (2) the cargo vessel will have sufficient capacity to service both Asia and Eastern; and (3) the leased asset is needed for Trans Ocean to perform under its revenue contract with Eastern (because of economic reasons that would not allow Trans Ocean to use another vessel).

3. Under US GAAP, should Trans Ocean reassess the lease term of the cargo vessel? If so, why?

4. Please answer questions 1 and 3 under IFRS/IAS.

In: Accounting