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David Anderson has been working as a lecturer at Michigan State University for the last three years. He teaches two large sections of introductory accounting every semester. While he uses the same lecture notes in both sections, his students in the first section outperform those in the second section. He believes that students in the first section not only tend to get higher scores, they also tend to have lower variability in scores. David decides to carry out a formal test to validate his hunch regarding the difference in average scores. In a random sample of 20 students in the first section, he computes a mean and a standard deviation of 85.2 and 25.9, respectively. In the second section, a random sample of 21 students results in a mean of 85.0 and a standard deviation of 1.18. |
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Sample 1 consists of students in the first section and Sample 2 represents students in the second section. |
| a. |
Construct the null and the alternative hypotheses to test David’s hunch. |
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| b-1. |
Calculate the value of the test statistic. (Round all intermediate calculations to at least 4 decimal places and final answer to 2 decimal places.) |
| Test statistic |
| b-2. | What assumption regarding the population variances is used to conduct the test? | ||||||
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| c. | Implement the test at α = 0.10 using the critical value approach. | ||||||||
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In: Statistics and Probability
A study examined parental influence on the decisions of teenagers from a certain large region to smoke. A randomly selected group of students, from the region, who had never smoked were questioned about their parents' attitudes toward smoking. These students were questioned again two years later to see if they had started smoking. The researchers found that, among the
263
students who indicated that their parents disapproved of kids smoking,
53
had become established smokers. Among the
43
students who initially said their parents were lenient about smoking,
18
became smokers. Do these data provide strong evidence that parental attitude influences teenagers' decisions about smoking? Complete parts a through i below.
a) What kind of design did the researchers use?
A prospective observational study
Your answer is correct.
An experimental study
A retrospective observational study
b) Write the appropriate hypotheses. Let
p1
be the proportion of students whose parents disapproved of smoking who became smokers. Let
p2
be the proportion of students whose parents were lenient about smoking who became smokers.
Choose the correct answer below.
A.
H0:
p1minus
p2equals
0
HA:
p1minus
p2greater than
0
B.
H0:
p1minus
p2equals
0
HA:
p1minus
p2not equals
0
Your answer is correct.
C.
H0:
p1minus
p2not equals
0
HA:
p1minus
p2equals
0
D.
H0:
p1minus
p2greater than
0
HA:
p1minus
p2equals
0
c) Are the assumptions and conditions necessary for inference satisfied?
A.
No, because the Independent Groups Assumption is not satisfied.
B.
Yes, all of the assumptions and conditions are satisfied.
Your answer is correct.
C.
No, because the Success/Failure Condition is not satisfied.
D.
No, because the 10% Condition is not satisfied.
E.
No, because the Randomization Condition is not satisfied.
d) Test the hypothesis and state the conclusion.
Determine the test statistic.
zequals
negative 3.13
(Round to two decimal places as needed.)
Find the P-value.
Pequals
. 002
(Round to three decimal places as needed.)
State the conclusion. Use a significance level of
alpha
equals0.10
.
Choose the correct answer below.
A.
Do not reject
the null hypothesis. There
is
sufficient evidence that parental attitude influences teenagers' decisions about smoking.
B.
Do not reject
the null hypothesis. There
is not
sufficient evidence that parental attitude influences teenagers' decisions about smoking.
C.
Reject
the null hypothesis. There
is not
sufficient evidence that parental attitude influences teenagers' decisions about smoking.
D.
Reject
the null hypothesis. There
is
sufficient evidence that parental attitude influences teenagers' decisions about smoking.
Your answer is correct.
e) Explain in this context what your P-value, P, means. Choose the correct answer below.
A.
If the observed difference is the true difference, then there is about a
(100 times
P)%
chance that there is no difference in the proportions.
B.
If there is no difference in the proportions, there is about a
(100 times
P)%
chance of seeing the observed difference or larger by natural sampling variation.Your answer is correct.
C.
There is about a
(100 times
P)%
chance that there is no difference in the proportions.
D.
There is about a
(100 times
P)%
chance that there is a difference in the proportions.
f) If that conclusion is actually wrong, which type of error was committed?
A.
A Type
II
error was committed because the null hypothesis is
false
,
but was
not
rejected.
B.
A Type
Upper I
error was committed because the null hypothesis is
true
,
but was
mistakenly
rejected.
Your answer is correct.
g) Create a 90%CI for the difference of two proportions,p 1 minus p 2
. I am having trouble with G.)
In: Math
Outline and detail the decision making model of your choice (300 words)
Choose AAA model and explain this model. How We understand this model.
The AAA model: 7 step ethical decision making model
In: Finance
Assume your boss is an important policymaker/decision-maker, but might not understand the economics behind his/her decisions and policies. For each of the following, brief the decision-maker on what he/she needs to know about macroeconomics to make better decisions in the given situations. Use equations, graphs, and discussion.
Policy Topic: We have a recession. What do I need to know about “sticky wages?”
a. Explain the concept
b. Describe and analyze all of the theories cited about why wages might be “sticky.”
c. How do “sticky” wages play a large role in policy effectiveness?
d. How does this concept change the policy approaches of Keynesians and Classicalists?
In: Economics
Neurotransmitters paper URGENT Please
Objectives of the Assignment
Start with an introductory paragraph telling the reader what to
expect in your paper
First, explain the specific release of NT used at the NMJ, the
class of receptor it binds to, and how that specific NT is removed
from the synaptic cleft
Then, explain the NTs used in the parasympathetic nervous system
versus the NTs used in the sympathetic nervous system
Explain the difference between alpha and beta receptors
Explain the effect of certain NTs on five tissues/organs (minimum)
in the body (heart, lungs, blood vessels, digestive system, etc.)
while detailing the NT receptor class and type on each organ
Attempt to organize your thoughts and give some general statements
about the different NTs, receptor classes, and receptor types
(alpha vs beta) based upon the previous research that you can use
to help you study
Finally, write a conclusion paragraph restating the main points of
your paper
In: Nursing
For example, a patient cell is tested with anti-B and gives a positive reaction. The significance is that this indicates the presence of the B antigen on the unknown red cell.
|
Typing serum reaction |
Significance |
|
|
anti-A |
4+ |
|
|
anti-B |
0 |
|
|
anti- A |
0 |
|
|
anti-B |
3+ mf |
|
In: Nursing
For the following, copy the questions into a text file and write your answers for each question.
I. Place the following algorithm time complexities in order from
fastest (least number of comparisons) to the slowest: nlogn, n, n2,
2n, logn, 2n
II. In your own words, explain the two characteristics that a
recursive solution must have.
III. Why are divide-and-conquer algorithms often very efficient in
terms of time complexity?
IV. Write in your own words 3 different examples of cases where
people around you are giving up their privacy to use some service
in exchange for a benefit. State for each example what data is
being collected and what benefits the user receives in
exchange.
In: Computer Science
Discuss protein binding, what it means, what are the implications of a drug protein binding percentage and how the protein binding impacts how drugs may interact with each other and the subsequent effect on the patient (provide 2 explicit examples). And, then explain what will happen if the patient is malnourished.
what are ED50 , LD50, TD50: and explain in detail why the matter. Please give 2 examples of each.
In: Nursing
You are just starting a new job as investigator for the car collision investigation. You assist your superior in order to determine, as accurately as possible, the circumstances surrounding collisions (initial velocity of the vehicles involved, direction vehicles were heading, etc.) in order to determine whether the drivers at fault under the Criminal Code (dangerous driving causing death or other charges).
The weather is great and you arrive at the station as your boss
tells you, “Hey, Daniel, hurry over to Jalan BBN 1/A. There has
been an accident involving two cars. There are people injured.” You
rush to the scene of the accident immediately. Your job is to take
photos of the vehicles as they are positioned, and take a certain
number of measurements, including the length of the skid marks and
layout of the debris.
Your findings are as follows:
• Numerous debris (broken glass, plastic, etc.) were found at a
distance of 12 m from the cars;
• The two cars stuck together (red car is heading to the black car)
and there are skid marks over 12 m;
• There are also skid marks over a distance of 30 m before the
debris;
• The posted speed limit on this street is 70 km/h;
• Other information: m1(red car) = 2500 kg, m2(black car) = 1100
kg.
Return to the station, your superior yells out, “Hey, Daniel, make
yourself useful! Bring the friction block and spring scale, and
take the measurements needed to calculate the pavement’s
coefficient of friction.” Confused, but very eager, you take the
heavy iron friction block, covered with tire treads, and the spring
scale.
Your superior returns to you and says, “The two drivers aren’t
saying much. The one in the black car was sent to the hospital. The
driver in the red car is still discussing what happened, but
nothing is clear!” Since you are always willing to help, you
answer, “How can I help you, Sir?” Your superior’s face lights up
when he hears your proposition, “Well, it’s that…, you see, we must
be sure, beyond any doubt, that dangerous driving was involved… the
judge needs evidence. We must gather all the necessary evidence.
All I’m sure of is that, based on the skid marks, the black car was
at the stop when the collision occurred. This a perfect job for an
intern! Get to work! I want a full report as soon as possible”.
Knowing that this information will decide whether the driver will
be charged under Criminal Code, you take your role very seriously
and immediately get to work.
Considering that the accident occurred in a 70 km/h zone, what do
you suggest to your superior? How would you clearly explain to your
superior about the method used to determine the speed of the driver
at fault?
Learning outcomes:
Successful students will be able to:
1. Calculate the velocities of two vehicles before and after impact
using physics principles, such as forces, motion, mechanical
energy, and conservation of momentum.
2. Explain how frictional forces related to varying surfaces affect
the motion of an object.
In: Physics
In her book, What Great Brands Do, Denise Yohn describes seven brand building principles that power great brands.
In a paper no longer than 8 pages describe how each principle applies to a company where you have worked OR (if you are not employed) a company you wish to work for in the future. Talk about how the company has used the principles (if that is true) and how they can/should use (or not use) the principles in the future. It’s alright to say they haven’t used the principle and you don’t think they need to use it going forward, but you need to explain your reasoning for stating that. You need to be very specific as to what you are suggesting. Saying “they need to carry out this principle by increasing their advertising” is not sufficient. You need to talk specifically about what type of advertising and why and what the message should be to accomplish the objective.
The paper should be a MS Word document 5-8 double-spaced pages
In: Operations Management