Questions
You, as the entrepreneur... please design an indifference curve depicting price changes for two inputs used...

You, as the entrepreneur... please design an indifference curve depicting price changes for two inputs used in your production or service business. These inputs could be materials and labor, or expenses for marketing and administration. Or, you may want to show how two goods you sell - as complements - are impacted by price changes due to economic forces.

In: Economics

If the minimum-variance hedge ratio is -1, then which of the following statements is true? (a)...

If the minimum-variance hedge ratio is -1, then which of the following statements is true?

(a) Changes in spot and futures prices are perfectly negatively correlated.

(b) The standard deviations of spot and futures price changes are the same.

(c) The minimum-variance hedge for a long spot exposure is a short futures exposure of the same size.

(d) All of the above.

In: Finance

a) Based on BNM or news report, explain the latest changes in the statutory reserve requirement...

a) Based on BNM or news report, explain the latest changes in the statutory reserve requirement (SRR) for Malaysia. Your explanation should also include the changes to money supply and the possible impact of the change.

b) Based on your answer above, select an economic problem where that impact would work and explain what could happen.

In: Economics

How can changes in the number of people in the labor force and its components cause...

How can changes in the number of people in the labor force and its components cause changes in the unemployment rate?

If an economic crisis leads to a large number of discouraged workers in an economy, how does it affect the ability of the official labor market statistics such as unemployment rate to provide healthy information about the nature of the labor market in the economy?

In: Economics

. What factors have caused the decrease in loan volume relative to other assets on the...

. What factors have caused the decrease in loan volume relative to other assets on the balance sheets of commercial banks? How has each of these factors been related to the change and development of the financial services industry during the 1990s and 2000s? What strategic changes have banks implemented to deal with changes in the financial services environment?

In: Accounting

Assume YOU are the Communications Director for a multi-state organization that is altering operations due to...

Assume YOU are the Communications Director for a multi-state organization that is altering operations due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Draft a memo/letter to your employees about the changes and expectations moving forward. (You can make these changes anything that fits the present scenario and also choose a specifc organization)
At least a page. Thank you!

In: Economics

In a pro forma income statement, do you think a finance manager make changes in the...

In a pro forma income statement, do you think a finance manager make changes in the prior year's percentages for different line items? Give an example of a line item that you would expect to vary in percentage every year as sales forecasts grow or changes for Facebook. Be sure to cite and reference your sources if possible.

In: Finance

Item 6 In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample...

Item 6

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version (written in 2002)

Merck, in fact, epitomizes the ideological nature--the pragmatic idealism--of highly visionary companies. Our research showed that a fundamental element in the "ticking clock" of a visionary company is a core ideology--core values and a sense of purpose beyond just making money--that guides and inspires people throughout the organization and remains relatively fixed for long periods of time.

References:
Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

Merck is one of world's biggest pharmaceutical companies. It originated in Germany late in the seventeenth century with operations in the United States starting in the late nineteenth century. As a business, Merck pursues profitable ventures; however, they have established an impressive track record of charitable giving with hundreds of millions in donations.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 7

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

There is a desperate need for theorists and researchers to generate and refine a new breed of learning-focused instructional design theories that help educators and trainers to meet those needs, (i.e., that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity). The health of instructional-design theory also depends on its ability to involve stakeholders in the design process.

References:
Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

We "need theorists and researchers to generate and refine learning-focused instructional design theories...." Such theories will "help educators and trainers to meet those needs ... that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity."

References:
Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 8

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

In examining the history of the visionary companies, we were struck by how often they made some of their best moves not by detailed strategic planning, but rather by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and--quite literally--accident. What looks in hindsight like a brilliant strategy was often the residual result of opportunistic experimentation and "purposeful accidents."

References:
Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

Decisions that look like the result of smart strategic thinking could, instead, be attributed to a culture that values opportunistic experimenting and intentional mishaps. Collins and Porras (2002) point out their surprise at finding that many of the visionary companies that they researched "made some of their best moves not by detailed planning, but rather by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and--quite literally--accident" (p. 141).

References:
Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 9

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

But what are reasonable outcomes of the influence of global processes on education? While the question of how global processes influence all aspects of education (and who controls these forces) is multidimensional and not completely testable, there appear to be some theories of globalization as it relates to education that can be empirically examined.

References:
Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152.

The question of “how global processes influence all aspects of education (and who controls these forces) is multidimensional and not completely testable but there appear to be some theories of globalization as it relates to education that can be empirically examined” (Rutkowski and Rutkowski, 2009, p. 138).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

Hints

Item 10

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.

Original Source Material

Student Version

A communication channel is the means by which messages get from one individual to another. The nature of the information-exchange relationship between a pair of individuals determines the conditions under which a source will or will not transmit the innovation to the receiver and the effect of such a transfer.

References:
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster.

Rogers places great importance on the sharing of information about an innovation. He defines a communication channel as "the means by which messages get from one individual to another" (p. 18). He describes two general media channels of communication: mass media and interpersonal; and two scopes of channels: localite and cosmopolite.

References:
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

Word-for-Word plagiarism

Paraphrasing plagiarism

This is not plagiarism

In: Operations Management

# Write a function called `get_state_data` that allows you to specify a state, # then saves...

# Write a function called `get_state_data` that allows you to specify a state,
# then saves a .csv file (`STATE_data.csv`) with observations from that state
# This includes data about the state, as well as the counties in the state
# You should use the full any.drinking dataset in this function (not just 2012)

# Demonstrate that you function works by passing "Utah" to the function
state_Utah <- get_state_data(Utah)

############################ Binge drinking Dataset ############################

# In this section, you will ask a variety of questions regarding the
# `binge_drinking.csv` dataset. More specifically, you will analyze a subset of
# the observations of *just the counties* (exclude state/national estimates!).
# You will store your answers in a *named list*, and at the end of the section,
# Convert that list to a data frame, and write the data frame to a .csv file.
# Pay close attention to the *names* to be used in the list.


# Create a dataframe with only the county level observations from the
# `binge_driking.csv` dataset. You should (again) think of Washington D.C. as
# a state, and therefore *exclude it here*.
# However, you should include "county-like" areas such as parishes and boroughs
county_data <- binge.drinking.csv %>% distinct(state)

# Create an empty list in which to store answers to the questions below.


# What is the average county level of binge drinking in 2012 for both sexes?
# Store the number in your list as `avg_both_sexes`.


# What is the name of the county with the largest increase in male binge
# drinking between 2002 and 2012?
# Store the county name in your list as `largest_male_increase`.


# How many counties experienced an increase in male binge drinking between
# 2002 and 2012?
# Store the number in your list as `num_male_increase`.


# What fraction of counties experienced an increase in male binge drinking
# between 2002 and 2012?
# Store the fraction (num/total) in your list as `frac_male_increase`.

  
# How many counties experienced an increase in female binge drinking between
# 2002 and 2012?
# Store the number in your list as `num_female_increase`.


# What fraction of counties experienced an increase in female binge drinking
# between 2002 and 2012?
# Store the fraction (num/total) in your list as `frac_female_increase`.


# How many counties experienced a rise in female binge drinking *and*
# a decline in male binge drinking?
# Store the number in your list as `num_f_increase_m_decrease`.

# Convert your list to a data frame, and write the results
# to the file `binge_info.csv`

# The next questions return *data frames as results*:

# What is the *minimum* level of binge drinking in each state in 2012 for
# both sexes (across the counties)? Your answer should contain roughly 50 values
# (one for each state), unless there are two counties in a state with the
# same value. Your answer should be a *dataframe* with the location, state, and
# 2012 binge drinking rate. Write this to a file called `min_binge.csv`.


# What is the *maximum* level of binge drinking in each state in 2012 for
# both sexes (across the counties)? Your answer should contain roughly 50 values
# (one for each state), unless there are two counties in a state with the
# same value. Your answer should be a *dataframe* with the location, state, and
# 2012 binge drinking rate. Write this to a file called `max_binge.csv`.

  
################################# Joining Data #################################
# You'll often have to join different datasets together in order to ask more
# involved questions of your dataset. In order to join our datasets together,
# you'll have to rename their columns to differentiate them.


# First, rename all prevalence columns in the any_drinking dataset to the
# have prefix "any_" (i.e., `males_2002` should now be `any_males_2002`)
# Hint: you can get (and set!) column names using the colnames function.
# This may take multiple lines of code.


# Then, rename all prevalence columns in the binge_drinking dataset to the have
# the prefix "binge_" (i.e., `males_2002` should now be `binge_males_2002`)
# This may take multiple lines of code.


# Then, create a dataframe by joining together the both datasets.
# Think carefully about the *type* of join you want to do, and what the
# *identifying columns* are. You will use this (joined) data to answer the
# questions below.


# Create a column `diff_2012` storing the difference between `any` and `binge`
# drinking for both sexes in 2012


# Which location has the greatest *absolute* difference between `any` and
# `binge` drinking? Your answer should be a one row data frame with the state,
# location, and column of interest (diff_2012).
# Write this dataframe to `biggest_abs_diff_2012.csv`.


# Which location has the smallest *absolute* difference between `any` and
# `binge` drinking? Your answer should be a one row data frame with the state,
# location, and column of interest (diff_2012).
# Write this dataframe to `smallest_abs_diff_2012.csv`.

############## Write a function to ask your own question(s) ####################
# Even in an entry level data analyst role, people are expected to come up with
# their own questions of interest (not just answer the questions that other
# people have). For this section, you should *write a function* that allows you
# to ask the same question on different subsets of data. For example, you may
# want to ask about the highest/lowest drinking level given a state or year.
# The purpose of your function should be evident given the input parameters and
# function name. After writing your function, *demonstrate* that the function
# works by passing in different parameters to your function.


################################### Challenge ##################################

# Using your function from part 1 that wrote a .csv file given a state name,
# write a separate file for each of the 51 states (including Washington D.C.)
# The challenge is to do this in a *single line of (very concise) code*


# Write a function that allows you to pass in a *dataframe* (i.e., in the format
# of binge_drinking or any_drinking) *year*, and *state* of interest. The
# function should saves a .csv file with observations from that state's counties
# (and the state itself). It should only write the columns `state`, `location`,
# and data from the specified year. Before writing the .csv file, you should
# *sort* the data.frame in descending order by the both_sexes drinking rate in
# the specified year. The file name should have the format:
# `DRINKING_STATE_YEAR.csv` (i.e. `any_Utah_2005.csv`).
# To write this function, you will either have to use a combination of dplyr
# and base R, or confront how dplyr uses *non-standard evaluation*
# Hint: https://github.com/tidyverse/dplyr/blob/34423af89703b0772d59edcd0f3485295b629ab0/vignettes/nse.Rmd
# Hint: https://www.r-bloggers.com/non-standard-evaluation-and-standard-evaluation-in-dplyr/


# Create the file `binge_Colorado_2007.csv` using your function.

In: Computer Science

Note: This problem is for the 2018 tax year. Lance H. and Wanda B. Dean are...

Note: This problem is for the 2018 tax year.

Lance H. and Wanda B. Dean are married and live at 431 Yucca Drive, Santa Fe, NM 87501. Lance works for the convention bureau of the local Chamber of Commerce, while Wanda is employed part-time as a paralegal for a law firm.

During 2018, the Deans had the following receipts:

Salaries ($60,000 for Lance, $41,000 for Wanda) $101,000
Interest income—
   City of Albuquerque general purpose bonds $1,000
   Ford Motor company bonds 1,100
   Ally Bank certificate of deposit 400 2,500
Child support payments from John Allen 7,200
Annual gifts from parents 26,000
Settlement from Roadrunner Touring Company 90,000
Lottery winnings 600
Federal income tax refund (for tax year 2017) 400

Wanda was previously married to John Allen. When they divorced several years ago, Wanda was awarded custody of their two children, Penny and Kyle. (Note: Wanda has never issued a Form 8332 waiver.) Under the divorce decree, John was obligated to pay alimony and child support—the alimony payments were to terminate if Wanda remarried.

In July, while going to lunch in downtown Santa Fe, Wanda was injured by a tour bus. As the driver was clearly at fault, the owner of the bus, Roadrunner Touring Company, paid her medical expenses (including a one-week stay in a hospital). To avoid a lawsuit, Roadrunner also transferred $90,000 to her in settlement of the personal injuries she sustained.

The Deans had the following expenditures for 2018:

Medical expenses (not covered by insurance) $7,200
Taxes—
   Property taxes on personal residence $3,600
   State of New Mexico income tax (includes amount withheld
       from wages during 2018) 4,200 7,800
Interest on home mortgage (First National Bank) 6,000
Charitable contributions 3,600
Life insurance premiums (policy on Lance's life) 1,200
Contribution to traditional IRA (on Wanda's behalf) 5,000
Traffic fines 300
Contribution to the reelection campaign fund of the mayor of Santa Fe 500
Funeral expenses for Wayne Boyle 6,300

The life insurance policy was taken out by Lance several years ago and designates Wanda as the beneficiary. As a part-time employee, Wanda is excluded from coverage under her employer's pension plan. Consequently, she provides for her own retirement with a traditional IRA obtained at a local trust company. Because the mayor is a member of the local Chamber of Commerce, Lance felt compelled to make the political contribution.

The Deans' household includes the following, for whom they provide more than half of the support:

Social Security Number Birth Date
Lance Dean (age 42) 123-45-6786 12/16/1976
Wanda Dean (age 40) 123-45-6787 08/08/1978
Penny Allen (age 19) 123-45-6788 10/09/1999
Kyle Allen (age 16) 123-45-6789 05/03/2002
Wayne Boyle (age 75) 123-45-6785 06/15/1943

Penny graduated from high school on May 9, 2018, and is undecided about college. During 2018, she earned $8,500 (placed in a savings account) playing a harp in the lobby of a local hotel. Wayne is Wanda's widower father who died on January 20, 2018. For the past few years, Wayne qualified as a dependent of the Deans.

Federal income tax withheld is $5,200 (Lance) and $2,100 (Wanda). The proper amount of Social Security and Medicare tax was withheld.

Required:

Determine the Federal income tax for 2018 for the Deans on a joint return by providing the following information that would appear on Form 1040 and Schedule A. They do not want to contribute to the Presidential Election Campaign Fund. All members of the family had health care coverage for all of 2018. If an overpayment results, it is to be refunded to them.

In: Accounting