The manager of a small hotel resort is considering expansion. He would like to issue bonds but do not quite understand why he may or may not receive what amount of money is stated on the face of the bond but he has to repay what is on the face of the bond. Write a report to the manager explaining the market forces that determine how much money will be collected. Also explain how the interest payment on bonds are calculated and paid. bear in mind that the stated interest rate and the market interest rate are the two interest rate that work together to determine the market price of a bond. write in essay format no log explanation.

Problem 5-20A Various CVP Questions: Break-Even Point; Cost Structure; Target Sales [LO5-1, LO5-3, LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-6, LO5-8]

Problem 5-20A Various CVP Questions: Break-Even Point; Cost Structure; Target Sales [LO5-1, LO5-3, LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-6, LO5-8] Northwood Company manufactures basketballs. The company has a ball that sells for $35. At present, the ball is manufactured in a small plant that relies heavily on direct labor workers. Thus, variable expenses are high, totaling $24.50 per ball, of which 70% is direct labor cost. Last year, the company sold 55,000 of these balls, with the following results: Sales (55,000 balls) $ 1,925,000 Variable expenses 1,347,500 ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Contribution margin 577,500 Fixed expenses 472,500 ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Net operating income $ 105,000 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ Required: 1-a. Compute last year's CM ratio and the break-even point in balls. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) 1-b. Compute the the degree of operating leverage at last year’s sales level. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 2. Due to an increase in labor rates, the company estimates that next year's variable expenses will increase by $3.50 per ball. If this change takes place and the selling price per ball remains constant at $35.00, what will be next year's CM ratio and the break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) 3. Refer to the data in (2) above. If the expected change in variable expenses takes place, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $105,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole unit.) 4. Refer again to the data in (2) above. The president feels that the company must raise the selling price of its basketballs. If Northwood Company wants to maintain the same CM ratio as last year (as computed in requirement 1a), what selling price per ball must it charge next year to cover the increased labor costs? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.) 5. Refer to the original data. The company is discussing the construction of a new, automated manufacturing plant. The new plant would slash variable expenses per ball by 20%, but it would cause fixed expenses per year to increase by 66%. If the new plant is built, what would be the company’s new CM ratio and new break-even point in balls? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final break even answers to the nearest whole number.) 6. Refer to the data in (5) above. a. If the new plant is built, how many balls will have to be sold next year to earn the same net operating income, $105,000, as last year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final answer to the nearest whole number.) b-1. Assume the new plant is built and that next year the company manufactures and sells 55,000 balls (the same number as sold last year). Prepare a contribution format income statement. (Do not round your intermediate calculations.) b-2. Compute the degree of operating leverage. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer to 2 decimal places.)

Use Excel

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), in conjunction with the Forest Service, publishes information to assist companies in estimating the cost of building a temporary road for such activities as a timber sale. Such roads are generally built for one or two seasons of use for limited traffic and are designed with the goal of reestablishing vegetative cover on the roadway and adjacent disturbed area within ten years after the termination of the contract, permit, or lease. The timber sale contract requires out sloping, removal of culverts and ditches, and building water bars or cross ditches after the road is no longer needed. As part of this estimation process, the company needs to estimate haul costs. The USDA publishes variable costs in dollars per cubic-yard-mile of hauling dirt according to the speed with which the vehicle can drive. Speeds are mainly determined by the road width, the sight distance, the grade, the curves and the turnouts. Thus, on a steep, narrow, winding road, the speed is slow; and on a flat, straight, wide road, the speed is faster. Shown below are data on speed, cost per cubic yard for a 12 cubic yard end-dump vehicle, and cost per cubic yard for a 20 cubic yard bottom-dump vehicle. Use these data and simple regression analysis to develop models for predicting the haul cost by speed for each of these two vehicles. Discuss the strength of the models. Based on the models, predict the haul cost for 35 mph and for 45 mph for each of these vehicles.

Use Excel

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), in conjunction with the Forest Service, publishes information to assist companies in estimating the cost of building a temporary road for such activities as a timber sale. Such roads are generally built for one or two seasons of use for limited traffic and are designed with the goal of reestablishing vegetative cover on the roadway and adjacent disturbed area within ten years after the termination of the contract, permit, or lease. The timber sale contract requires out sloping, removal of culverts and ditches, and building water bars or cross ditches after the road is no longer needed. As part of this estimation process, the company needs to estimate haul costs. The USDA publishes variable costs in dollars per cubic-yard-mile of hauling dirt according to the speed with which the vehicle can drive. Speeds are mainly determined by the road width, the sight distance, the grade, the curves and the turnouts. Thus, on a steep, narrow, winding road, the speed is slow; and on a flat, straight, wide road, the speed is faster. Shown below are data on speed, cost per cubic yard for a 12 cubic yard end-dump vehicle, and cost per cubic yard for a 20 cubic yard bottom-dump vehicle. Use these data and simple regression analysis to develop models for predicting the haul cost by speed for each of these two vehicles. Discuss the strength of the models. Based on the models, predict the haul cost for 35 mph and for 45 mph for each of these vehicles.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), in conjunction with the Forest Service, publishes information to assist companies in estimating the cost of building a temporary road for such activities as a timber sale. Such roads are generally built for one or two seasons of use for limited traffic and are designed with the goal of reestablishing vegetative cover on the roadway and adjacent disturbed area within ten years after the termination of the contract, permit, or lease. The timber sale contract requires out sloping, removal of culverts and ditches, and building water bars or cross ditches after the road is no longer needed. As part of this estimation process, the company needs to estimate haul costs. The USDA publishes variable costs in dollars per cubic-yard-mile of hauling dirt according to the speed with which the vehicle can drive. Speeds are mainly determined by the road width, the sight distance, the grade, the curves and the turnouts. Thus, on a steep, narrow, winding road, the speed is slow; and on a flat, straight, wide road, the speed is faster. Shown below are data on speed, cost per cubic yard for a 12 cubic yard end-dump vehicle, and cost per cubic yard for a 20 cubic yard bottom-dump vehicle. Use these data and simple regression analysis to develop models for predicting the haul cost by speed for each of these two vehicles. Discuss the strength of the models. Based on the models, predict the haul cost for 35 mph and for 45 mph for each of these vehicles.

Dowell Manufacturing contracts to produce bumper cars for Five Flags Parks. Under the terms of the contract, Five Flags will pay Dowell a total of $60,000 when bumper cars are delivered six months later, and Five Flags can cancel the contract but must pay Dowell for work completed. Dowell believes that, if Five Flags cancelled the contract, Dowell could not sell the bumper cars to another park. As of December 31, 2020, the job is 80% complete. How much revenue should Dowell recognize in 2020 for this contract?

Mickey Mouse Lets You Ride "for Free" At Disney World

• Walt Disney World Theme Parks offer visitors a wide variety of ticket choices.
• The one thing these ticket options have in common is that they entail a fixed entrance fee and allow customers to take as many rides as they want at no additional charge.
• For instance, by purchasing a 1-Day ticket for about $66, a customer gains unlimited access to the park of her choice for one day.
  • Wouldn't Disney earn higher profits if it charged visitors, say, $11, each time they went on a ride?

• Remember to research the topic.

BUSINESS TRAVEL EXPENSES An executive of Trident Communications recently traveled to London, Paris, and Rome. She  paid $280, $330, and $260 per night for lodging in London, Paris, and Rome, respectively, and his hotel bills totaled $4060. She spent $130, $140, and $110 per day for his meals in London, Paris, and Rome, respectively, and his expenses for meals totaled $1800. If she spent as many days in London as she did in Paris and Rome combined, how many days did she stay in each city? Solve using Gauz Jordan method.

Consider a taxi stand where inter-arrival times of the taxis and the customers are both exponential with means of 0.5 and 1 minutes, respectively. Stand has 3 spots that taxis can park while waiting for the arriving customers. Arriving taxis leaves the stand when all the spots are occupied. Similarly, arriving customers are also lost when there is no taxi in the stand.

a. Model this system as a birth and death process by defining the state and the state space, and drawing the rate diagram.
b. Compute the steady-state probabilities.
c. What is the expected number of taxis waiting at the stand in the long run?

Consider a taxi stand where inter-arrival times of the taxis and the customers are both exponential with means of 0.5 and 1 minutes, respectively. Stand has 3 spots that taxis can park while waiting for the arriving customers. Arriving taxis leaves the stand when all the spots are occupied. Similarly, arriving customers are also lost when there is no taxi in the stand.

a. Model this system as a birth and death process by defining the state and the state space, and drawing the rate diagram.

b. Compute the steady-state probabilities.

c. What is the expected number of taxis waiting at the stand in the long run?