PLEASE PROVIDE COMMENTS TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND CODE

C++

Inventory Class

Create an inventory class. The class will have the following data members,

const int size = 100;
int no_of_products; // the total number of products in the inventory. char name_array[size][15] ; // stores name of products
double array [size][2]; // In the first column quantity of the product and in the second column the price per item of the product is stored.

• name_array stores the name of products, it is assumed that the length of the product name is at most 14 characters and each name is null terminated ( See Table 1. for an example )

• For each product, the two-dimensional array will store two pieces of information, the current stock in number of pieces and the per unit price. We note that the information for a given product will be stored in the same row in the one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays ( See Table 2. for an example).

  The class should provide the following functions.

• Constructor function: The function receives no parameters but initializes the elements of the double array to zero and the first element of each row of the char array to a null character.

• int row_no( char *product name): Function receives the name of the product and returns the number of the row that contains the information for this product in the two-dimensional arrays. This function may be used by other functions when needed.

• int get_stock ( char *product_name): Function receives the name of the product and returns the current amount of the product in the stock.

• double order( char *product_name, int quantity): The function will check if the requested quantity of the stock is available. If the requested quantity is available drop from the stock and return the total cost of the order, otherwise order cannot be met and return zero.

• bool new_product( char *product_name, int quantity, double price): If there is an empty entry available in the arrays, then, a new product is added to the inventory. The new product should be added to the first available entries in the two-dimensional arrays. After that the function increases the number of different products in the inventory by one and returns true. If no space is available in the arrays, then, product can not be added to the inventory and the function returns false.

• void discontinued_product( char *product_name); // If a product is discontinued, the function should set the entry of this item in the two- dimensional array zero and the first element of the row for this product in the two-dimensional name_array to a null character. This entry becomes available for adding new product to the inventory. Reduce the number of different products in the inventory by one.

  Write the implementation of this class as well as test it with a driver program.

  Note : In this problem you are not allowed to use string class or any of the string library functions.

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  Table 1. Stores the product names

  12	625.00
  17	410.00
  0	0
  8	750.00
  0	0
  6	975.00
  9	550.00
  0	0
  0	0
  0	0

  Table 2. First column stores the stock in the inventory and second

Complete the following assignment in C programming language.

1. Get the user’s first name and store it to a char array
   • Declare a character array to hold at least 20 characters.
   • Ask for the user’s first name and store the name into your char array.
   • Hint: Use %s for scanf. %s will only scan one word and cannot scan a name with spaces.
2. Get 3 exam scores from the user:
   • Declare an array of 3 integers
   • Assume the scores are out of 100, and use a for loop to get user’s input
   • Your prompts should print out which exam score you are asking for:
     1. Example: “What is the score of Exam #1?” … “What is the score of Exam #3?”
   • Warning: Be careful of your array indexes!
3. Find out the average exam score:
   • Use a for loop to calculate the sum of all exams.
   • Divide the sum by 3 to get the average and store the is data in a variable.
4. Print out the summary for the use similar to:
   • “Hello NAME, based on your exam score of 80, 90, and 100, your average is 90.0 with a letter of an ‘A.’”

"You have just turned 22 years old, received your bachelor’s degree, and accepted your first job. Now you must decide how much money to put into your retirement plan. The plan works as follows: Every dollar in the plan earns 7% per year. You cannot make withdrawals until you retire on your 65th birthday. After that, you can make withdrawals as you see fit. You decide that you will plan to live to 100 and work until you turn 65. You estimate that to live comfortably in retirement, you will need $100,000 per year, starting at the end of the first year of retirement and ending on your 100th birthday. You will contribute the same amount to the plan at the end of every year that you work. How much do you need to contribute each year to fund your retirement?" Starting Age 22 Investment Return 7.0% Retirement Age 65 Planned Lifespan 100 Retirement Income $100,000 Needed Retirement Savings Required Annual Contribution

Complete the following assignment in C programming language.

1. Get the user’s first name and store it to a char array
   • Declare a character array to hold at least 20 characters.
   • Ask for the user’s first name and store the name into your char array.
   • Hint: Use %s for scanf. %s will only scan one word and cannot scan a name with spaces.
2. Get 3 exam scores from the user:
   • Declare an array of 3 integers
   • Assume the scores are out of 100, and use a for loop to get user’s input
   • Your prompts should print out which exam score you are asking for:
     1. Example: “What is the score of Exam #1?” … “What is the score of Exam #3?”
   • Warning: Be careful of your array indexes!
3. Find out the average exam score:
   • Use a for loop to calculate the sum of all exams.
   • Divide the sum by 3 to get the average and store the is data in a variable.
4. Print out the summary for the use similar to:
   • “Hello NAME, based on your exam score of 80, 90, and 100, your average is 90.0 with a letter of an ‘A.’”

A manager receives a forecast for next year. Demand is projected to be 600 units for the first half of the year and 900 units for the second half. The monthly holding cost is $2 per unit, and it costs an estimated $55 to process an order.

a. Assuming that monthly demand will be level during each of the six-month periods covered by the forecast (e.g., 100 per month for each of the first six months), determine an order size that will minimize the sum of ordering and carrying costs for each of the six-month periods. (Round your answers to the nearest whole number.)

Period Order Size 1 – 6 months units

7 – 12 months units

b. If the vendor is willing to offer a discount of $10 per order for ordering in multiples of 50 units (e.g., 50, 100, 150), would you advise the manager to take advantage of the offer in either period? If so, what order size would you recommend? (Round intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

Period Order Size

1 – 6 months units

7 – 12 months units

Output per month   Price   Total Revenue   Total Cost   Total Profit   Marginal
Revenue*   Marginal Cost*   Average Total Cost   Profit per Unit (Price Minus Average Cost)
0   $ 1,000     $ 0   $ 60,000   -$60,000   -   -   -   -
100   1,000   100,000   90,000   10,000   $ 1,000    $ 300   $900   $100
200   1,000   200,000   130,000   70,000   1,000   400   650   350
300   1,000   300,000   180,000   120,000   1,000   500   600   400
400   1,000   400,000   240,000   160,000   1,000   600   600   400
500   1,000   500,000   320,000   180,000   1,000   800   640   360
600   1,000   600,000   420,000   180,000   1,000   1,000   700   300
700   1,000   700,000   546,000   154,000   1,000   1,260   780   220
800   1,000   800,000   720,000   80,000   1,000   1,740   900   100
900   1,000   900,000   919,800   -19,800   1,000   1,998   1,022   -22
*Note that output levels are calibrated in hundreds in this example; that's why we have divided the change in total costs and revenues from one output level to another by 100 to calculate marginal revenue and marginal cost. Very few manufacturers deal in units of 1.

(a) What were the fixed costs of production for the firm?

$

(b) At what rate of output was profit per computer maximized? (Choose the highest output level.)

computers per month

(c) At what output rate was total profit maximized? (Choose the highest output level.)

computers per month

1. Consider the following table that provides information for a firm’s short-run production function and its product demand, given by the column labeled D1.

Based on that information, calculate Total Revenue (TR), Marginal Revenue Product (MRP), Marginal Product of Labor (MP) and Value of the Marginal Product (VMP), then answer the following questions:

1. Assume that the labor market is perfectly competitive. If the wage rate is $100, how many workers should the firm hire in order to achieve maximum profit?

2. Assume that the labor market is perfectly competitive. If the wage rate rises from $100 to $135, how many workers will the firm fire?

3. Based on your previous answers, what is the wage elasticity of this firm’s labor demand when wage increases from $100 to $135?

4. Assume that the labor market is perfectly competitive. Suppose the firm’s product demand is now given by the column labeled D₂. Calculate Total Revenue (TR), Marginal Revenue Product (MRP), Marginal Product of Labor (MP) and Value of the Marginal Product (VMP). If the wage rate is $100, how many workers should the firm hire in order to achieve maximum profit?

Suppose the initial conditions of the economy are characterized by the following equations. In this problem, we assume that prices are fixed at 1 (the price index is 100 and when we deflate, we use 1.00) so that nominal wealth equals real wealth.

1) C = a₀ + a₁ (Y - T) + a₂ (WSM) + a3 (WRE) + a4 (CC) + a₅ (r)

1’) C = a₀ + a₁ (Y - 200) + a2 (10,000) + a3 (15,000) + a4 (100) + a₅ (3)

2) I = b₀ + b₁ AS + b₂ CF + b₃ (r)

2’) I = b₀ + b₁ (150) + b₂ (2000) + b₃ (3)

3) G = G

3’) G = 300

4) X - M = X - M

4’) X - M = - 100

Where: a₀ = 165 , a₁ = .75, a₂ = .05, a₃ = .10, a₄ = .8, a₅ = - 500, b₀ = 210, b₁ = .5, b₂ = .5, b₃ = - 200

Derive an expression for the aggregate expenditure curve and graph it on your exam sheet labeling this initial equilibrium output as point A. Also, add this point A to your consumption function. Show all work.

Draw an aggregate demand and an aggregate supply curve in the right hand graph on your exam sheet identifying this initial point as point A.

NOTE: We are holding the price level fixed at 100 in this problem. Also, note that you that you cannot derive an expression for the aggregate demand curve, just draw it with a negative slope going through point A.

You have been hired as a consultant for the following perfectly competitive firms firms. Treat each firm individually. Thus each row represents one firm. You will need to use the MR =MC analysis rules to make the recommendations to the firms. You will be using logic and critical thinking skills to make the suggestions.

Examine the information on MR, MC, Price, ATC, AVC and AFC to make a recommendation to each firm.

Remember firms want to max their total profits, they are not altruistic.

Secondly, recall the rules of profit maximization, minimizing losses, and shutdown cases for perfect competition. Apply those rules to each row to make a recommendation to each firm as to whether or not they are able to maximize profits; minimize losses; or should the firm shut down. Finally what happens to firms in the long run? Record your answers for each row and submit them to the dialog box for this assignment by the due date listed in assignments.

Below are the 4 competitors who want to max their profits. Please advise them as to what decisions they should make to accomplish this.  

PC firms

Price      Q             TR           TC           P/L         TVC        ATC        AVC       MC

4              100         400         350         +50         300         3.5          3              5

10           20           200         500         -300       300         25           15           10           

50           100         5000       5100       -100       3000       51           30           90           

25           100         2500       2500       0              2000       25           20           25

A stock will pay a dividend of $1 in one month and $2 in four months. The relevant risk-free rate of interest based on continuous compounding is 12%. The current price of the stock is $90.

1. Determine the arbitrage-free price of (i) a 3 month forward on a contract and (ii) a six-month forward contract on the stock
2. Suppose the six-month forward is quoted at $100. Identify any arbitrage opportunity and explain what trades you would make to capture it. If applicable, determine the present value of any profit you would earn.