A group of physicians from Denmark conducted a year-long study of the effectiveness of nicotine chewing gum in helping people stop smoking. The 113 people who participated in the study were all smokers. Of these, 60 were given a chewing gum with 2 mg of nicotine, and 53 were given a placebo chewing gum with no nicotine. This was a randomized controlled study. All were told to use the gum and refrain from smoking. Results showed that 23 of the smokers given the nicotine chewing gum had remained nonsmokers for the 1-year period while 12 of the smokers given the placebo had remained nonsmokers during the same period. Do these results support the conclusion that nicotine gum can help stop smoking? Test at α = 0.05.

1-Hypothesis test for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation)

2-Confidence interval estimate for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation)

3-Hypothesis test for population mean from paired differences

4-Confidence interval estimate for population mean from paired differences

5-Hypothesis test for difference in population means from two independent samples

6-Confidence interval estimate for difference in population means from two independent samples

7-Hypothesis test for one population proportion

8-Confidence interval estimate for one population proportion

9-Hypothesis test for difference between two population proportions

10-Confidence interval estimate for difference between two population proportions

In developing patient appointment schedules, a medical center wants to compare the mean time that staff members spend with patients between two offices--one in Cleveland and one in Cincinnati. A random sample of 30 office visits is taken from each office. Estimate the difference with a 95% level of confidence.

1-Hypothesis test for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation)

2-Confidence interval estimate for one population mean (unknown population standard deviation)

3-Hypothesis test for population mean from paired differences

4-Confidence interval estimate for population mean from paired differences

5-Hypothesis test for difference in population means from two independent samples

6-Confidence interval estimate for difference in population means from two independent samples

7-Hypothesis test for one population proportion

8-Confidence interval estimate for one population proportion

9-Hypothesis test for difference between two population proportions

10-Confidence interval estimate for difference between two population proportions

Well it’s time to put up…. You promised as a New Year’s resolution that you would lose some weight and as a result, you joined a group known as the “Calorie Counter”. The reason for joining is that they boasted of significant weight loss in two months for all their members. Well it’s almost the end of February and you have been diligent and have worked hard. Now is the time to put up….

For eight randomly chosen members of your Calorie Counter group, their results are as follows:

It seems that almost 50 pounds were lost in aggregate by these eight people and that the program actually does something. But you, as the statistician, are not convinced. So you use these data to test at 95% confidence and the dependent sample approach, that there is indeed a significant weight loss.

a)    Determine d (the mean of the differences) (5)

b)    Determine Sd (the standard deviation of the differences) (5)

c)    State the Null and Alternative hypothesis for this problem. (1)

d)    Prepare the PDF and state the Rejection/Decision rule. (2)

e)    Perform the test. (5)

f)     What are the decision and the interpretation? (1, 1)

Part I. PROBLEM SOLVING

Direction: In each of the items below, provide the details/data required

A concrete company transports concrete from three plants 1, 2, and 3, to three constructions sites A, B, C and D with the following details;

Requirements;

1. Compute for the total transportation cost of the initial solution using least cost cell method.

2. Obtain the improved solution’s total cost of transportation using Stepping-Stone Method.

In Python:

A hospital administrator wished to study the relation between patient satisfaction and patient’s age (years), severity of illness (an index), and anxiety level (an index). The administrator randomly selected 46 patients and collected the data, where larger values are associated with more satisfaction, increased severity of illness, and more anxiety.

(a) Plot satisfaction against severity of illness for young patients (less than 40 years old). Describe the relationship briefly: direct or inverse; linear or curved; strong, moderate, or weak.

(b) Plot satisfaction against the anxiety level for both young and old patients. Do you think anxiety predicts patients satisfaction? Explain!

Data:

satis age severity anxiety
48 50 51 2.3
57 36 46 2.3
66 40 48 2.2
70 41 44 1.8
89 28 43 1.8
36 49 54 2.9
46 42 50 2.2
54 45 48 2.4
26 52 62 2.9
77 29 50 2.1
89 29 48 2.4
67 43 53 2.4
47 38 55 2.2
51 34 51 2.3
57 53 54 2.2
66 36 49 2.0
79 33 56 2.5
88 29 46 1.9
60 33 49 2.1
49 55 51 2.4
77 29 52 2.3
52 44 58 2.9
60 43 50 2.3
86 23 41 1.8
43 47 53 2.5
34 55 54 2.5
63 25 49 2.0
72 32 46 2.6
57 32 52 2.4
55 42 51 2.7
59 33 42 2.0
83 36 49 1.8
76 31 47 2.0
47 40 48 2.2
36 53 57 2.8
80 34 49 2.2
82 29 48 2.5
64 30 51 2.4
37 47 60 2.4
42 47 50 2.6
66 43 53 2.3
83 22 51 2.0
37 44 51 2.6
68 45 51 2.2
59 37 53 2.1
92 28 46 1.8

Calculate the margin of error and construct the confidence interval for the population mean using the Student's t-distribution (you may assume the population data is normally distributed).

T-Distribution Table

a.  x̄ =87.3, n=64, s=19.6, x̄ =87.3, n=64, s=19.6, 98% confidence

E=E=

Round to two decimal places

  <  μ  <  <  μ  <  

Round to two decimal places

b.  x̄ =31.6, n=44, s=14.6, x̄ =31.6, n=44, s=14.6, 90% confidence

E=E=

Round to two decimal places

  <  μ  <  <  μ  <  

Round to two decimal places

Please provide correct answers. thanks

Inventory Costing Methods-Perpetual Method Fortune Stores uses the perpetual inventory system for its merchandise inventory. The April 1 inventory for one of the items in the merchandise inventory consisted of 130 units with a unit cost of $335. Transactions for this item during April were as follows:

Required
a. Calculate the cost of goods sold and the ending inventory cost for the month of April using the weighted-average cost method. Do not round until your final answers. Round your final answers to the nearest dollar.

b. Calculate the cost of goods sold and the ending inventory cost for the month of April using the first-in, first-out method.

c. Calculate the cost of goods sold and the ending inventory cost for the month of April using the last-in, first-out method.

1. Here is a selection from an abstract of a recent study entitled “The effect of health insurance coverage on the use of medical services” by Michael Anderson, Carlos Dobkin, and Tal Gross (2010). NBER Working paper No. 15823.

Substantial uncertainty exists regarding the causal effect of health insurance on the utilization of care. Most studies cannot determine whether the large differences in healthcare utilization between the insured and the uninsured are due to insurance status or to other unobserved differences between the two groups. In this paper, we exploit a sharp change in insurance coverage rates that results from young adults “aging out” of their parents’ insurance plans to estimate the effect of insurance coverage on the utilization of emergency department (ED) and inpatient services. [In the US, children are eligible for insurance coverage through their parents’ insurance only up to their 23rd birthday, at which point they lose eligibility.] Using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and a census of emergency department records and hospital discharge records from seven states, we find that aging out results in an abrupt 5 to 8 percentage point reduction in the probability of having health insurance. We find that not having insurance leads to a 40 percent reduction in ED visits and a 61 percent reduction in inpatient hospital admissions.

1. What two groups are being compared in this study?
2. Identify at least one important methodological difference between the design of this study and the RAND HIE. Give a hypothetical reason why this difference would bias the results.
3. Are the findings of this study generally consistent with the findings from the Oregon Medicaid Experiment?

7. Design stage is Kellogg’s term for 3-4-year-olds’ drawings that:

A. Consist of two or more basic scribbles.

B. Combine two basic shapes into more complex patterns.

C. Combine complex designs to form basic shapes and scribbles.

D. Consist of simple pictorial designs recognizable by adult.

27. Young children use language to plan, guide, and monitor their behavior. This use of language for self-regulation is called_________ speech.

A. Inner

B. Private

C. Inherent

D. Cognitive

32. Autism can usually be diagnosed by the age of:

A. Five years

B. Seven years

C. Three yers.

D. Nine years.

48.Children whose parents are _______ have poor self-control, low self-esteem, are immature and do not handle independence well.

A. indulgent

B. neglectful

C. Authoritative

D. Authoritarian

49. Which of the following is a desirable strategy when handling misbehavior by children?

A. Corporal punishment

B. Mild Speaking

C. Time outs

D. power assertion

50. __________ play occurs when children engage in self-regulated creation of a product or a solution.

A. Pretense play

B. Constructive play

C. Social play

D. Practice play

Approximately 14 million Americans are addicted to drugs and alcohol. The federal government estimates that these addicts cost the U.S. economy $300 billion in medical expenses and lost productivity. Despite the enormous potential market, many biotech companies have shied away from funding research and development (R&D) initiatives to find a cure for drug and alcohol addiction. Your firm – Drug Abuse Sciences (DAS) – is a notable exception. It has spent $185 million to date working on a cure, but is now at a crossroads. It can either abandon its program or invest another $40 million today. Unfortunately, the firm’s opportunity cost of funds is 9 percent and it will take another five years before final approval from the Federal Drug Administration is achieved and the product is actually sold. Expected (year-end) profits from selling the drug are presented in the accompanying table.

What is the net present value of the project?

Instruction: Enter your response rounded to the nearest penny (two decimal places). Use a negative sign (-) where appropriate.

$

Should DAS continue with its plan to bring the drug to market, or should it abandon the project?

(Click to select)  Continue  Abandon

Consider the following two sample data sets.

3

2

8

6

12

13

2

7

a. Calculate the coefficient of variation for each data set.

b. Which data set has more​ variability?

a. The coefficient of variation for set 1 is

nothing

​%.

​(Round to one decimal place as​ needed.)