Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, is somewhat unique in that it is a diprotic acid but it is also a strong acid. Thefirst dissociation of H2SO4 is as a strong acid, and is thus a complete dissociation. However, thesecond dissociation of H2SO4 is as a weak acid. Unlike with other polyprotic acids, you cannotneglect the second dissociation of H2SO4 because it will impact the pH of the solution.

Determine the pH and the concentrations of all aqueous species (H

+
, OH

–
, H2SO4, HSO4

–
, and SO4

2–
)

in a 0.020 M H2SO4 solution.

2. Sugars are essential components of nucleic acids.

a) Provide the precise chemical description (anomer, isomer and either pyranose or furanose form) of the circular stereoisomers that are formed by ribose in cells.

b) Which circular stereoisomer (anomer, isomer and either pyranose or furanose form) is found in DNA?

c) Using the language of the unit, give an explanation whether the sugar components of DNA are reducing sugars? . (no more than 50 words; use key words).

Given the following reaction, which is the formation of an iron oxide mineral via hydrolysis:

Fe3+ +3H2O = Fe(OH)3(s) + 3H+

1) Identify the Lewis acids and bases in the above reaction.

2) Define Le Chatelier's principle.

3) Explain how Le Chatelier's principle can be applied to the above reaction. Specifically, how would increasing the pH of the reaction change the relative amount of Fe3+ vs Fe(OH)3?

1) A 150.0 mL solution was prepared by mixing 100.0 mL of 1.00 M HONO (Ka = 4.5 x 10–4 ) with 50.0 mL of 1.00 M NaNO2 . Calculate the pH, [HONO], and [NO2–], once equilibrium has been established.

2). What is the pH, [OH^–], [HF], [F^–], and the percent ionization of a solution prepared as 0.50 M HF ? (HF: K_a = 7.2 x 10^-4)

50 M HF ? (HF: K_a = 7.2 x 10^-4)

3. Consider the reaction:

CO(g) + H₂O(g)    CO₂(g) + H₂(g)

At 800 K the equilibrium constant, K = 16.

If your reaction vessel initially contains 0.050 M CO, 0.050 M H₂O, 0.30 M CO₂ and 0.30 M H₂. What are the equilibrium concentrations of all of the components?

4. What is the pH of a saturated solution of Mn(OH)₂ ( K_sp = 2.0 x 10^–13)?

Mn(OH)₂ (s)   Mn²⁺ (aq) + 2 OH^-(aq)     

5) The weakest strong acids is Nitric acid, with a K_a = 240. The % ionizations of strong acids are rounded off to 100%. Calculate the % ionization of 0.100 M nitric acid without rounding.

1. What is the molar concentration of sucrose in a can of Red Bull (27 g sucrose/250 mL)?

2. How much glycine is needed to make 125 mL of a 1.5 M stock solution?

3. What volume of ethylene glycol is needed to prepare 200 mL of a 0.25 M stock solution?

4. Using the above stock solutions from questions #2 and #3, how would you prepare 750 mL of a solution that is 10 mM in glycine and 25 mM in ethylene glycol?

5. You are given a stock solution of 50 mM of alkaline phosphatase. What volume of this solution would you need to add to what volume of distilled water to make 25 mL of a 5 mM solution?

6. You are given a 50X stock solution of DNA gel running buffer and asked to make 25 mL of the corresponding 1X solution. What volumes of the stock solution and water do you need?

7. You are given a 0.5 M solution of sodium citrate. How would you make 3 mL of a 20-fold dilution?

8. Consider an assay that involves a serial dilution as listed below. What is the total dilution factor for this assay?

--0.5 mL of trypsin is pipetted into 1.0 mL of buffer.

--0.035 mL of this sample is then pipetted into 1.0 mL of the assay solution.

9. You are given 1.0 mL of the enzyme amylase and add cold 95% ethanol to reach a final concentration of 25% ethanol. What volume of the 95% ethanol did you need to add to the enzyme solution to obtain this concentration?
(*note: this one is a little tricky—you will need to account for the starting volume of the enzyme solution.)

10. Do the following conversions. (Show all work)

a. 0.5 mg/mL to μg/uL
b. 0.2g to ug
c. 0.4 μM to mmol/mL

1.Consider a plasmid (circular DNA) which has 1000 bp and a G+C content of 50%. How many phosphorous atoms are there?

2. Consider a plasmid (circular DNA) which has 1000 bp and a G+C content of 50%. How many nitrogen atoms are there?

3. Suppose the G-C content in the plasmid (1000 bp) was GREATER than 50%. Which (if any) of your above answers would change, and how? (increase/decrease/no change?)
a) # of phosphodiester bonds
b) # of H-bonds
c) # of purines
d) # of phosphorous atoms
g) # of nitrogen atoms

4. EcoRI is a 6-cutter restriction enzyme that creates 4-base, 5’ overhangs (“sticky ends”) and recognizes the sequence: 5' GAATTC 3'
Based on this information, EcoRI must break the phosphodiester bond between:

5. A particular double-stranded plasmid (circular DNA molecule) has exactly 3,300 bp (base pairs). If 1,715 of the bases are cytosine (C), how many of each of the other three bases are present?

6. Consider a circular dsDNA with 25% A and a random DNA sequence. If this molecule includes 100 copies of the sequence 5’ TGG 3’, approximately how many times should the sequence 5’ CTAT 3’ be represented?

7. A different dsDNA has 30% A and 100 copies of the sequence 5’ TGG 3’ Assuming a random DNA sequence, ~ how many times should the sequence 5’ CTAT 3’ be represented in this case?

8. The restriction enzyme SauIIIA recognizes the 4 bp sequence GATC, and the "6-cutter" enzyme BamHI recognizes the sequence GGATCC. Digestion of a particular bacteriophage genome produced a total of 160 SauIIIA fragments. Approximately how many BamHI fragments would you expect if:
A) the phage genome has a “G+C” content of 50%?
B) the phage genome is 80% G+C?

Using what you know about population ecology:

• what do you think will happen with human population growth into the future
• do you think that human populations have limiting factors (why or why not)
  • make sure your post is well reasoned and respectful

6a. Loss of p53 function occurs in the majority of human tumors. Name two ways in which loss of p53 function contributes to a malignant phenotype.

b. explain the mechanism by which the following agents cause loss of p53 function: a) human papillomavirus and b) benzy(a)pyrene.

CEMIG, Electric Utilities, Brazil

1. Environmental aspects
2. Social aspects
3. Human aspects ( Note - Human capital is different from Social capital )
4. Business Model and Innovation
5. leadership and governance
6. Leadership and Governance

pls find out the aspects of that particular company in the above mentioned fields