Suppose we have data from a health survey conducted in year 2000. Data were obtained from a random sample of 1000 persons.

An OLS linear regression analysis was carried out in the following way:

Dependent Variable: Systolic blood pressure (SBP, in mmHg)

Independent Variables: Gender (1 if female, 0 if male)

Age (in years)

Education (binary variables for “Not graduated from high school” and “Graduated from high school (but not from college)”; the reference category is “Graduated from college”)

A part of the results is shown below. The column labeled “Beta” show estimated values of partial regression coefficients. (It can be interpreted that beta’s for the reference categories, “Male” and “Graduated from college”, are fixed to be zero.) The p-values are for the two-sided test.

1. According to the results of this regression analysis, how much expected difference in systolic blood pressure (in mmHg) is estimated:

1-1. between the two education categories, “Not graduated from high school” and “Graduated from college”, controlling for gender and age (i.e., among those who have the same gender and at the same age)?

1-2. between males and females, controlling for age and education?

2. Suppose we change the reference category of education from “Graduated from college” to “Graduated from high school” and do the same regression analysis again.

What will be the value of partial regression coefficient (beta) for “Not graduated from high school”?

(Hint: The expected SBP differences among the education categories do not change.)

Please do it by type not pics.

1.The Great Recession (2007 to 2009) changed the nature and direction of the macroeconomic debate because:

a.the financial crisis threatened to collapse the entire economy, an outcome not predicted by classical models.

b.the prior direction of the macroeconomic debate was on the New Classical and Real Business Cycle models.

c.the technology boom of the 1990s seemed to validate the Real Business Cycle model.

d.of all of the answers in this question.

e.the recession seemed to resemble an old-fashion Keynesian demand shock.

2.In the Keynesian model, the fallacy of composition suggests that behavior at the micro level does not necessarily hold at the macro level because:

a.of all of the answers in this question.

b.price adjustment in the Keynesian model is slow due to sticky prices and wages.

c.belt tightening by individuals in the macro economy may cause GDP declines if the saved money is not loaned out in a weak economy.

d.one person's spending is another person's income and linked together at the macro level.

e.while the classical model assumes that all savings is loaned out and becomes investment, the Keynesian model allows for savings to remain idle.

3.Regardless of the starting point in modern macroeconomic models, through the adjustment process the economy will ultimately:

a.will always be below potential GDP.

b.will ultimately return to potential GDP.

c.remain in its current point either above, below, or at potential GDP.

d.will eventually exceed potential GDP.

For the following below you should decide

a) What test would you use?

b) Why would you use this test?

1. You want to know if major in university and tolerance of ambiguity are related. You choose 60 people (20 science majors, 20 humanities majors and 20 phys ed majors) and give them a test which measures their tolerance for ambiguity. You them separate them into low, moderate and high tolerance groups.

2. You wonder if the amount of time it takes a person to learn a new language is related to their age. You ask an instructor at an ESL (English as a second language) school to record the age of 40 new students and how long it took for them to become functionally literate.

3. You work for a manufacturer of fake finger nails. Your boss is interested in knowing if a new procedure can reduce the costs of making these nails. You randomly select the operating costs for 10 days at your plant and compare them to the cost for 10 days randomly selected from another plant that has switched to the new system. The old system had an average daily cost of $5400 with a variance of 120. The new system had an average daily cost of $5210 with a variance of 730.

Give an original example of a construct or concept that can be operationalized in three different ways, in other words that can be measured by three different indicator variables corresponding to three levels of measurement of the data – nominal, ordinal or interval.

Example: the construct education

Variable that measures number of school years completed – interval

Variable that measures education as (i) less than high school diploma (ii) high school diploma (iii) some college (iv) bachelors degree (v) post-graduate – ordinal

Variable that measures whether the respondent has a college degree (yes/no question) – nominal

11. High School Standardized Test Past experience indicates that the time required for high school seniors to complete a standardized test is a normal random variable with a mean of 35 minutes (normally distributed). If a random sample of 30 high school seniors took an average of 33.5 minutes to complete this test with a standard deviation of 4 minutes, test the hypothesis, at the 0.05 level of significance, that u = 35 minutes against the alternative that u <35 minutes.

a. Parameter of Interest

b. Null and Alternative hypothesis

c. Test Statistic

d. Reject Ho if

e. Computations

f. Conclusions

The school has 600 students in years 1–6 with 100 students in each year.

1. Shannon got the names of all 600 students in the school and put them in a hat. Then she pulled out 60 names. What do you think of Shannon’s survey? Explain your answer.
2. Jake asked 10 children at an after-school meeting of the computer games club. What do you think of Jake’s survey? Explain your answer.
3. Adam asked all of the 100 children in year 1. What do you think of Adam’s survey? Explain your answer.

As a service driven entity AAGBS yearns to further improve the schools ranking to be at par with other leading postgraduate centers in the country and regionally. However to date the school is still struggling to step‐up enrollments. There seem to be a decline in the growth rate of enrollments at the school. Student’s complaints are on the rise too. Numerous internal and external factors could be contributors to this state at the school. As such you have been appointed to undertake a study to empirically ascertain the precise reasons for the school’s declining performance. As a start you are required to prepare a proposal for the applied study. Outline the following and MAKE ASSUMPTIONS where necessary:
a) Statement of problem

A-Compare each of the following Evaluation Approaches (10 methods)

and

B-Give an example for each method (10 methods) in evaluating school programs by the school leaders.

and

C- Finally which method out of the 10 do you prefer to use in evaluating school programs, and why?

1 Cost-Benefit ,2 Cost-Effectiveness,3 black box evaluation approach 4- objective-oriented approach 5- Goal-Free Evaluation 6- Success Case Method 7- Expertise oriented evaluation 8-Case study assessment/ evaluation 9-Empowerment Evaluation 10 - Prospective Evaluations.

The average math SAT score is 523 with a standard deviation of 115. A particular high school claims that its students have unusually high math SAT scores. A random sample of

60 students from this school was​ selected, and the mean math SAT score was 540. Is the high school justified in its​ claim? Explain.

(Yes.No) because the​ z-score () is (unusual,not unusual) since it (lies, does not lie)

within the range of a usual​ event, namely within (1 standard deviation,2 standard deviations, 3 standard deviations) of the mean of the sample means.

​(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.)

Archie has to go to school this morning for an important test, but he woke up late. He can either take the bus or take his unreliable car. If he takes the car, Archie knows from experience that he will make it to school without breaking down with probability 0.2. However, the bus to school runs late 65% of the time. Archie decides to choose between these options by tossing a coin. Suppose that Archie does, in fact, make it to the test on time. What is the probability that he took his car? Round your answer to two decimal places.