A new online test preparation company compared 3,025 students who had not used its program with 2,150 students who had. Of those students who did not use the online test preparation program, 1,513 increased their scores on the SAT examination compared with 1,100 who did use the program. A significance test was conducted to determine whether there is evidence that the online test preparation company's students were more likely to increase their scores on the SAT exam. What is the p-value for an appropriate hypothesis test?

At a small liberal arts college, students can register for one to six courses. In a typical fall semester, 5% of students take one class, 26% take four classes, and 15% take six classes.

a) If 77% of students take four or more classes, find the probability that a randomly selected student takes five courses. What is the probability that a randomly selected student takes three classes, if 10% take at most two classes?

b) Calculate the expected value and standard deviation for the number of classes students enroll in.

1. As a teacher, you have some students who clearly want to learn the subject matter you are teaching and other students who are interested only in the grades they get in your class.

a. Considering the textbook’s discussion of extrinsic versus intrinsic motivation, how would you expect the two groups of students to differ in terms of classroom learning and performance? Describe five differences you are likely to see between them.

b. Describe three strategies you might use to promote intrinsic motivation in the grade-oriented students

Riehl (1994) examined whether Indiana University students who were the first generation in their family to attend college were more at risk of dropping out during their first semester than other students. The table below shows the observed frequencies:

a. Using Excel, conduct a Chi-square test of independence on these data.

b. Report the results in a textbox. Be sure to provide both a statistical and research conclusion.

Exam Grades

Exam grades across all sections of introductory statistics at a large university are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 72 and a standard deviation of 11. Use the normal distribution to answer the following questions.

(a) What percent of students scored above a 91 ?

(b) What percent of students scored below a 63 ?

(c) If the lowest 8% of students will be required to attend peer tutoring sessions, what grade is the cutoff for being required to attend these sessions?
(d) If the highest 9% of students will be given a grade of A, what is the cutoff to get an A?

1f. Compare 1a and 1d, and 1b and 1e, explain why the percentage in 1a is much larger than that in 1d and why the value in 1b is much smaller than that in 1e?

1. Suppose that for Edwardsville High School, distances between students’ homes and the high school observe normal distribution with the average distance being 4.76 miles and the standard deviation being 1.74 miles. Express distances and z scores to two decimal places. Write the formula to be used before each calculation.

1a. What percentage of students in the high school live farther than 6.78 miles from the school?

1b. A survey shows that 8% of the students who live closest to the school choose to walk to school. What is the maximum walking distance of these 8% of students? In other words, what is the distance below which these 8% of students live from the school?

1c. Suppose that the school district’s policy allows students living beyond 4.50 miles from the school to take school buses to go to school. There are 3,567 students who enroll in the fall semester, 2006. How many students in the high school are not eligible to take school buses?

1d. Suppose all samples of size 12 are taken. What percentage of sample means has a value larger than 6.78 miles?

1e. Below what value are 8% of sample means of size 12?

In 2010 the Maricopa Community College District's enrollment data showed the following breakdown of students by ethnicity: 54.9% White; 21.1% Hispanic; 7.9% Black; 4.5% Asian/Pacific Islander; 2.9% Native American; 8.8% Other. Information was collected from a random sample of 300 students in 2017 to determine whether or not the data has changed significantly. The sample data is given in the table below. At the alph=0.05 level of significance, test the claim that the ethnic breakdown of students at MCCCD has not changed significantly since 2010.

Which would be the correct hypothesis for this test?

H0: u1 = u2; H1: u1 ≠ u2

H0: p1 = p2; H1: p1 ≠ p2

H0: The breakdown of students by ethnicity has not changed significantly since 2010 (i.e. the given distribution still fits); H1: The breakdown of students by ethnicity has changed significantly since 2010 (i.e. the given distribution no longer fits)

H0: The breakdown of students by ethnicity has changed significantly since 2010 (i.e. the given distribution no longer fits); H1: The breakdown of students by ethnicity has not changed significantly since 2010 (i.e. the given distribution still fits)

Ethnicity of students in sample:

White - 160

Hispanic - 89

Black - 25

Asian/Pacific Islander - 11

Native American - 15

Other - 0

Test Statistic:

______________

Give the P-value

_____________

For their economic class, students are asked to form pairs to complete an assignment. The professor asks them to work together but to turn only one copy of the problem set. Johnny and Kristen, two students of the class, decide to work together. Both of the students value the assignment. However, because Kristen and Johnny received different grades at the exam, they do not value the assignment the same way: Kristen would receive a payoff of 10 if the assignment is completed, while Johnny would receive a payoff of 15. In case the assignment is not completed, they would both receive zero payoff. The students can choose to work or not on the assignment. If both students work, it will take them 5 hours each. If only one of them work, it will take this student 12 hours to complete the assignment by itself. If none of them work, the assignment will not be completed. We assume that each hour of work costs one unit of payoff to students. Moreover, students cannot change partners.

We consider first this game as a static game in which students decide simultaneously whether to work on the assignment.

1. Write down the normal form of the game. Make sure to include the players, actions and payoffs.

2. Do Kristen or Johnny have a dominant strategy? Explain. 3. What is the Nash equilibrium of the game

3. What is the Nash equilibrium of the game.

1. The questions below relate to the following case study: System: Test Score System As a Systems Analyst, you are appointed to document requirements of a Test Score System. You are also required to study agile project management approach and apply it in the project. As part of the business process, the lecturer marks all the student papers, aggregates the scores and captures them. The Head of Department oversees the work of the lecturer. His duties in this regard include moderation of papers, amendment and approval of the scores, and the submission of the scores to the admin office. The test scores are captured per course, a course belongs to a department and a department belongs to a faculty. Students can enrol for more than one course and lecturers are allowed to facilitate many courses. The Test Score System should also have a functionality for students to check their scores, lodge a dispute on scores they have a problem with, rate the course and chat with lecturers. Q.2.1 Develop a simple UML activity diagram to model the activities between the lecturer and the Head of Department. (11) Q.2.2 Identify six entities from the case study and draw an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) using the correct cardinality symbols to present the relationships amongst the entities. You do not have to include attributes for any of the entities.

2. The questions below are still based on the case study in Question 2. Q.3.1 Since you will be applying agile project management, identify and discuss a process you will put in place to control the scope of the project. (6) Q.3.2 The case study has numerous use cases and detailed information about use cases is described with a use case description. List any three aspects of a use case covered in a use case description. (3) Q.3.3 Identify use cases in relation to the student’s interaction with the Test Scores System and develop a use case diagram. (9) Q.3.4 Distinguish between a User Story and a Use Case and provide an example for each, (8) Q.3.5 Designing the user interface for smartphones has several items affecting layout and formatting. List any four of the items.