Explain why the mutation of Asp-52 to Asn-52 decreases enzyme activity of lysozymes by 10,000 fold.

Is it possible for naturally produced proteins to have different functions without any change in amino acid sequence or nucleotide sequence? How?

What charge does a protonated amino group have? Deprotonated?

What charge does a protonated carboxylic acid have? Deprotonated?

Draw the different structures of Ala, Arg, and Cys at pH = 1, 6, 10, 14. Calculate the pI of each amino acid.

Briefly describe how tests detecting amino acid catabolizing enzymes, and fermentation tests can be used to identify microorganisms in the laboratory.

1. Describe the differences in transduction for steroid versus amino acid and peptide hormones. Describe at least one second messenger pathway in detail.

Bacteria A is processing 2 molecules of glucose through cellular respiration and Bacteria B is processing 50 molecules of glucose through glycolysis/fermentation. Outline the steps in each pathway by listing the Pathway Step, the reactant(s), and product(s). Be sure to include electron carriers, ATP made at each step and the final electron acceptor.

**Botany Related Question**

What happens during the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?

What roles do water, light, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll play in photosynthesis?

How does glycolysis contribute toward aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation?

How do temperature, water, and oxygen affect respiration?

Explain cellular respiration as if you were talking to a 5th grader - that means that you need to define ALL biology vocabulary that you use. Be creative in your explanation, WHICH MUST INCUDE:

• Three stages: Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation and Citric Acid Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain
• Draw a picture to support your explanation