describe at least four (4) strategies the employer can take during the collective bargaining process. Include how to successfully manage deadlocks during the process. Explain what is meant by “good faith” in regards to both the employer and the union during collective agreement negotiations.

7. Property taxes for an Ontario resident over the years are listed.

Year: 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Taxes: $2,900 $3,000 $3,150 $3,300 $3,400 $3,600

a) Draw/sketch a scatter diagram.

b) Calculate the least squares equation.

c) Predict the property tax for the year 2020.

On January 1, 2015, a machine was purchased for $90,900. The machine has an estimated salvage value of $6,060 and an estimated useful life of 5 years. The machine can operate for 101,000 hours before it needs to be replaced. The company closed its books on December 31 and operates the machine as follows: 2015, 20,200 hrs; 2016, 25,250 hrs; 2017, 15,150 hrs; 2018, 30,300 hrs; and 2019, 10,100 hrs.

Assume a fiscal year-end of September 30. Compute the annual depreciation charges over the asset’s life applying each of the following methods. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 45,892.)

Year Straight-line Method Sum-of-the-years'-digits method Double-declining-balance method

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

On January 1, 2015, a machine was purchased for $94,500. The machine has an estimated salvage value of $6,300 and an estimated useful life of 5 years. The machine can operate for 105,000 hours before it needs to be replaced. The company closed its books on December 31 and operates the machine as follows: 2015, 21,000 hrs; 2016, 26,250 hrs; 2017, 15,750 hrs; 2018, 31,500 hrs; and 2019, 10,500 hrs. Assume a fiscal year-end of September 30. Compute the annual depreciation charges over the asset’s life applying each of the following methods. (Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 45,892.) Year Straight-line Method Sum-of-the-years'-digits method Double-declining-balance method 2015 $ $ $ 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Before shopping on-line became very popular with consumers a few years ago, 10% of retail outlets in Canada closed their doors each year (i.e., went out of business). A random sample of 200 retail outlets across Canada which were open at the beginning of 2019 were randomly selected for a study. At the end of 2019, 25 or these outlets were no longer open. At the .10 level of significance, is there sufficient evidence that the proportion of all Canadian retail outlets that closed in 2019 is greater than the proportion that closed before shopping on-line became very popular? In answering this question, complete the following in the spaces provided (including diagrams):

Please provide hypothesis, test staistic, decision rule, p-value, and conclusion.

4. Innovation Incorporated had operating income before interest and taxes in 2018 of $350 million. The firm was expected to generate this level of operating income indefinitely. The firm had depreciation expense of $25 million that same year. Capital spending totaled $40 million during 2018. At the end of 2017 and 2018, working capital totaled $90 and $70 million, respectively. The firm’s combined marginal state, local, and federal tax rate was 30% and its debt outstanding had a market value of $0.50 billion. The 10-year Treasury bond rate is 3% and the borrowing rate for companies exhibiting levels of creditworthiness similar to Innovation, Inc. is 8%. The historical risk premium for stocks over the risk-free rate of return is 4.5%. No Growth’s beta was estimated to be 1.2. The firm had 3 million common shares outstanding at the end of 2018. Innovation’s target debt to total capital ratio is 40%.

1. Estimate free cash flow to the firm in 2018.
2. Estimate the firm’s cost of capital.
3. Estimate the value of the firm (i.e., includes the value of equity and debt) at the end of 2018, assuming that it will generate the value of free cash flow estimated in (a) indefinitely.
4. Estimate the value of the equity of the firm at the end of 2018.

Estimate the value per share at the end of 2018.                                                                  

Suppose you are about to start working for Apple Corp. as an intern, so you do some research on the various job positions within the company. In your area of work, there are 4 basic positions that you can hold: intern, programmer, analyst, and project manager.

Each year there is a chance for promotion, and there is also a chance of “involuntary separation” from the company. (In other words, getting fired.)

If you are an intern, there is a 50% chance each year of being promoted to programmer, and a 10% of being fired.

If you are a programmer, there is a 12% chance each year of being promoted to analyst, and a 6% of being fired.

If you are an analyst, there is a 5% chance each year of being promoted to project manager, and a 3% of being fired.

If you are a project manager, you cannot be promoted but there is a 5% chance of being fired.

If you are not promoted or fired, then you stay in the same position. If you are fired, then you cannot be rehired.

What are the different states in this system?

Using excel, construct the transition matrix T for this system. Make sure to label the states.

Assuming you start working as an intern, what is the initial-state matrix S₀?

Find S_5, S₁₀ and S₂₀ for this system.

What is the probability that you will be an intern after 10 years?

What is the probability that you will be a project manger in 5 years?

What is the probability that you will be fired within 20 years?

(This is the full question. Consultant, Computer Programmer, and Administrator only has to be answered for. Thank you!)--Calculate Payroll

Breakin Away Company has three employees-a consultant, a computer programmer, and an administrator. The following payroll information is available for each employee:

For the current pay period, the computer programmer worked 60 hours and the administrator worked 50 hours. The federal income tax withheld for all three employees, who are single, can be determined by adding $356.90 to 28% of the difference between the employee's amount subject to withholding and $1,796.00. Assume further that the social security tax rate was 6%, the Medicare tax rate was 1.5%, and one withholding allowance is $70.

Determine the gross pay and the net pay for each of the three employees for the current pay period. Assume the normal working hours in a week are 40 hours. If required, round your answers to two decimal places.