A - Calculating Optimal Training Heart Rate Range
Margaret is going to run her first-ever marathon on her 60th birthday. She started training for it few months ago, following a 16-week program for first-time runners. The program recommends training within the “aerobic training” zone. The recommended target rate for “aerobic training” falls between 70%and 80% of maximal heart rate. As the training progresses, the resting heart rate is expected to go down, and the “reserve” between resting and training heart rate and will allow for longer or faster runs.
Margaret owns a cardiac monitor that continuously shows her current heart rate as she runs. What is the range of the pulse she should be aiming for during her training?
Training heart rate is a range; please enter two numbers, the lower and upper range values, respectively. Separate the lower and upper range values, in that order, by a comma.
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Hint 1. Calculating maximal heart rate
Maximal heart rate = 220 – age
Hint 2. Heart rate zones for training
| Intensity range | What it does | Target heart rate |
| Moderate | Improves the heart’s ability to pump blood and the muscles’ ability to utilize oxygen. This range is appropriate for overall health maintenance but does not increase fitness. |
50% - 70% |
| Aerobic training | Increases cardio-respiratory capacity. Increases the ability of the muscles to use available oxygen. Most effective for increasing cardiovascular fitness. |
70% - 80% |
| Anaerobic training | Training in this zone increases the lactate threshold, which improves performance. |
80% - 90% |
| Maximum “red line” training | Possible only for very short periods of time. Training in this zone increases fast-twitch muscle fibers and speed. |
90% - max |
bpm
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Submitted Answers
ANSWER 1: 80,112 bpm
ANSWER 2: 128,144 bpm
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Part B - Measuring Your Own Pulse
John, who is training with Margaret, has no heart monitor, and he cannot afford to buy one. He has to rely on his watch and his ability to measure his own pulse on his wrist. John is 27 years old and wants to train at the higher end of aerobic range, between 75% and 85% of his maximal heart rate. On his last run, John counted 30 heart beats in 15 seconds. Is he training within his target range?
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John, who is training with Margaret, has no heart monitor, and he cannot afford to buy one. He has to rely on his watch and his ability to measure his own pulse on his wrist. John is 27 years old and wants to train at the higher end of aerobic range, between 75 and 85 of his maximal heart rate. On his last run, John counted 30 heart beats in 15 seconds. Is he training within his target range?
| Yes, he is training within his target range. |
| No, he needs to run faster to increase his heart rate. |
| No, he ran too fast, past his target range and too much into the anaerobic range. |
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In: Nursing
Your company produces electronic connectors, which consist of a
metal strip with multiple prongs assembled into a plastic housing.
The manufacturing process is divided into four separate
departments: 1) Injection molding, where the small plastic housings
are produced; 2) Stamping, where the steel strips are punched out
of thin coils of steel; 3) Plating, where the steel strips, after
being stamped, are plated with tin or gold; and 4) Assembly, where
the plated strips are inserted into the plastic housing.
The injection molding machines together have the capacity to
produce 4000 plastic housing per hour. The firm's stamping presses
can punch out 3000 steel strips per hour. The plating department
has two dedicated lines—one for tin-plating and the other for the
slower gold-plating process. The tin-plating line has a capacity of
2000 units per hour; the gold-plating line has a capacity of 500
units per hour. In the assembly department, there are six automated
assembly machines, each with the capacity to assemble 400
connectors per hour.
Assume that machines never break down, and assume that there is
sufficient plastic and steel raw material so that raw material
availability never constrains the process. Assume that the plant is
only running the tin-plated product—the gold-plating line is
completely idle.
1) Assume that hourly demand during work hours for tin-plated connectors is 2200 units/hr and demand for gold-plated connectors is 600 units/hr, and that both processes are active. The plant runs for 8 hours/day, 5 days/week, 50 weeks/yr. Both connector types earn a margin of $0.10 apiece. The plant is considering investing in an additional automated assembly machine, which costs $400,000. What is the payback period for this investment (in years)?
In: Operations Management
Match each of the following terms to the appropriate definition.
|
A type of cost that has two components; one that does not change in relation to the volume produced and one that does change in relation to the volume produced. |
Answer 1 |
|
A type of cost that does not change in relation to volume produced. |
Answer 2 |
|
A type of cost that changes in relation to volume produced. |
Answer 3 |
|
Describes a company's cost structure and the effect of fixed costs on operating income as volume changes. |
Answer 4 |
|
A fairly accurate calculation to determine the variable and fixed components of a cost. |
Answer 5 |
|
The excess of sales over break-even revenue. |
Answer 6 |
|
A method of examining different scenarios by only examining items that have changed. |
Answer 7 |
|
A production level where certain costs remain the same. |
Answer 8 |
|
The difference between sales per unit and variable costs per unit. |
Answer 9 |
The answers for each one are one of these, Least squared regression method, Fixed Costs, Incremental Analysis, Relevant Range, Mixed Costs, Operating Leverage, Margin of Safety, Variable costs, and Contribution Margin per Unit
In: Accounting
1.Investors require a 13% rate of return on the Levine Company’s stock. If the dividend increase at a constant rate of 6%, what is the capital gain yield?
A. 6%
B. 13%
C. 7%
D. 19%
E. None of the above
2.Negative growth rate stocks have negative values.
A. True B. False
3. If a zero growth rate shock with an annual dividend of $5 sells for $50, what is the stock’s expected return?
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 15%
D. 20%
E. Can not be determined
4.A six-year, semiannual coupon bond is selling for $991.38. The bond has a face value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 9.19 percent. What is the coupon rate? [Match time period and interest rate]
A. 4.50 percent
B. 4.60 percent
C. 6.00 percent
D. 9.00 percent
E. 9.20 percent
5. Which of following information is not required to calculate WACC?
A. Weight of debt
B. Weight of common equity
C. Tax rate
D. Cost of preferred stock
E. All of above are required
6. If tax rate increases, WACC will decrease.
A. True B. False
7. If a firm can borrow at an interest rate of 8% and its tax rate is 40%, its after-tax cost of debt is
A. 3.2%
B. 4%
C. 4.8%
D. 6%
E. 8%
8. If a firm pays out $5 preferred dividend per share, and the stock is priced at $40 per share. The component cost of preferred stock is
A. 8%
B. 10%
C. 12.5%
D. 17.5%
E. 25%
9. The cost of preferred stock to a firm must be adjusted to an after-tax figure
. A. True. B. False.
In: Finance
Jiminy’s Cricket Farm issued a bond with 30 years to maturity and a semiannual coupon rate of 7 percent 5 years ago. The bond currently sells for 95 percent of its face value. The company’s tax rate is 24 percent. The book value of the debt issue is $55 million. In addition, the company has a second debt issue on the market, a zero coupon bond with 9 years left to maturity; the book value of this issue is $40 million, and the bonds sell for 64 percent of par.
| a. |
What is the company’s total book value of debt? |
| b. | What is the company’s total market value of debt? |
| c. | What is your best estimate of the aftertax cost of debt? |
In: Finance
For the following exercise, use as many as appropriate the methods of: annual worth, present worth, benefit:cost ratio, payback period or internal rate of return. And compare the outcomes of any methods that you use.
Two projects, which are mutually exclusive, are being examined. The cash flows for the two projects are estimated to be as follows, negative signs indicating investments or net outgoings, and positive signs indicating net income. What are the relative merits of the two projects?
|
Year |
Project A ($k) |
Project B ($k) |
|
0 |
-300 |
-400 |
|
1 |
-150 |
-100 |
|
2 |
-50 |
+50 |
|
3 |
+100 |
+150 |
|
4 |
+150 |
+200 |
|
5 |
+150 |
+200 |
|
6 |
+200 |
+300 |
|
7 |
+250 |
+250 |
|
8 |
+250 |
+200 |
|
9 |
+250 |
- |
|
10 |
+150 |
- |
In: Economics
G R
57 62
46 58
85 81
80 88
95 84
31 54
56 44
40 65
52 37
26 51
93 76
54 43
67 64
42 59
29 51
81 70
35 49
59 61
44 57
84 97
34 55
49 44
73 86
74 89
44 52
41 49
72 61
60 48
48 69
92 87
64 77
52 47
58 66
84 80
60 50
49 38
96 74
20 49
42 19
36 58
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37 59
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31 62
74 51
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19 52
33 76
48 80
88 84
72 64
45 58
36 42
64 85
77 75
28 22
93 87
45 48
50 40
A private-label bottler of soft drinks asks each of 60 members of a tasting panel (who are regarded as a random sample from millions of potential customers) to rate each of two possible formulations of a cola drink on a 100-point scale; higher scores are desirable. Formulation G is less expensive and will be used unless there is a clear evidence that formulation R is preferred. From the data, the bottler obtains the difference (R-G) in the ratings for each panelist. After calculating and examining the 90% and the 95% confidence intervals for the mean of the difference in the ratings, the management of the private-label bottler concluded that the difference in the ratings is negligible. Consequently, they have decided to use formulation G which is less expensive. The data on the panelist’s ratings they have used is in the Excel data file named ‘Cola Ratings’. Using the same data, please re-calculate the confidence intervals you think the management’s decision must have been based on. Show all the necessary steps and interpret your confidence intervals. Based on your results, do you agree with the management’s conclusion? Please justify your answer.
In: Statistics and Probability
You need to estimate the value of Laputa Aviation. You have the following forecasts (in millions of dollars) of its profits and of its future investments in new plant and working capital:
| Year | |||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||||
| Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) | $ | 74 | $ | 94 | $ | 109 | $ | 114 | |||||
| Depreciation | 24 | 34 | 39 | 44 | |||||||||
| Pretax profit | 50 | 60 | 70 | 70 | |||||||||
| Tax at 40% | 20 | 24 | 28 | 28 | |||||||||
| Investment | 18 | 21 | 24 | 26 | |||||||||
From year 5 onward, EBITDA, depreciation, and investment are expected to remain unchanged at year-4 levels. Laputa is financed 50% by equity and 50% by debt. Its cost of equity is 17%, its debt yields 8%, and it pays corporate tax at 40%.
a. Estimate the company’s total value. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to the nearest whole amount.)
b. What is the value of Laputa’s equity? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.)
In: Finance
A study that assessed the effectiveness of a new drug designed to reduce repetitive behaviors in children affected with autism was conducted. A total of 8 children with autism enrolled in the study and the amount of time that each child is engaged in repetitive behavior during three hour observation periods were measured both before treatment and then again after taking the new medication for a period of 1 week. The data is provided in the Excel spreadsheet. Using Minitab or other statistical software: 1. Conduct a Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to determine whether or not the medicine was effective in decreasing the median amount of time the child engaged in repetitive behavior. Include relevant output from Minitab and use a significance level of α = 0.05. 2. This test was to determine whether or not the drug decreased the median time the child was engaged in repetitive behavior in order to assess the effectiveness of the medicine. Do you think that the use of the median was appropriate in this case for the sample data set or could you have used two-sample paired t-test for the difference in the means? Answer this question by preparing a box plot to determine if there are any outliers in the differences and assessing the normality of the data set with both a probability plot and histogram and explaining your conclusion. 3. Regardless of your answer in part 2, conduct a two-sample paired t-test for the mean and determine whether or not the medicine was effective in decreasing the median amount of time the child engaged in repetitive behavior. Include relevant output from Minitab and use a significance level of α = 0.05. Is your conclusion different than testing the median? Explain briefly any differences.
| Child | Before Treatment | After 1 Week of Treatment |
| 1 | 85 | 75 |
| 2 | 70 | 50 |
| 3 | 40 | 50 |
| 4 | 65 | 40 |
| 5 | 80 | 20 |
| 6 | 75 | 65 |
| 7 | 55 | 40 |
| 8 | 20 | 25 |
In: Statistics and Probability
Performance metrics
Buffalo BBQ Restaurant is trying to become more efficient in training its chefs. It is experimenting with two training programs aimed at this objective. Both programs have basic and advanced training modules. The restaurant has provided the following data regarding the two programs after two weeks of implementation:
| Training Program A | Training Program B | ||||||||||
| New chef # | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| Hours of basic training | 23 | 26 | 27 | 20 | 21 | 25 | 23 | 27 | 31 | 22 | |
| Hours of advanced training | 8 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 4 | |
| Number of chef mistakes | 11 | 13 | 17 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | |
a. Compute the following performance metrics for each program:
(1) Average hours of employee training per chef, rounded to one decimal place.
Program A: hrs. per chef
Program B: hrs. per chef
(2) Average number of mistakes per chef, rounded to one decimal place.
Program A: mistakes per chef
Program B: mistakes per chef
In: Advanced Math