Although glycolysis can occur in most cells, gluconeogenesis is mostly limited to two tissues.
Which two tissues are the primary sites of gluconeogenesis?
A. muscle and kidney
B. muscle and brain
C. liver and muscle
D. liver and kidney
In: Biology
1.
A) Compare/contrast how insulin and glucagon signal different blood glucose levels and their effects on glycogen breakdown, glycogen synthesis and glycolysis.
B) Compare the fates of glucose 6-phosphate from glycogen breakdown in liver and muscle
In: Biology
After glycolysis has been completed (and before pyruvate is processed) most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is contained in ___ molecules.
a. Acetyl-Coa
b. ATP
c. NADH and FADH2
d. CO2
e. pyruvate
In: Biology
Describe how glucose-6-phosphate formed by glycogen breakdown in the liver converts to glucose by glucose-6-phosphatase and how the newly formed glucose leaves the liver cells. Describe why this process allows for separation from glycolysis.
In: Biology
3-carbon-atom (3C) molecule produced in glycolysis is called ______________Inside a eukaryotic cell, this molecule moves from ________________ to _______________ and is oxidized into _______________ . If oxygen is not present, it gets reduced into ______________ (in yeast) or ______________________ (in our muscle cells). Production of ATP in the absence of O2 is called _______________________ .
In: Biology
As discussed in the introductory text, archaeans do NOT appear to use the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (glycolytic) pathway. Instead, they use alternate pathways to metabolize sugars. What is the function of this pathway in organisms that do use it?
Choose the best answer
| Glucose is used to synthesize two molecules of pyruvate with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 CO2. |
| Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (regenerated to NAD+ to maintain redox balance in the third stage of glycolysis) |
| Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate, and then fermentation is always used to produce ethanol and CO2. |
| Glucose is use to synthesize starch or glycogen with a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH (regenerated to NAD+ to maintain redox balance in the third stage of glycolysis) |
In: Chemistry
In: Biology
Explain the inductive affect in acids and bases
In: Chemistry
Indicate which of the following statements are true regarding fats.
Question options: (all that apply)
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In a fat the three carboxylic acid moieties have to be identical. |
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A fat containing unsaturated fatty acids will have a lower melting point, and will usually be an oil. |
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A triglyceride can be either solid or liquid. |
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A fat is a triglyceride, which is a triester of glycerol with three carboxylic acids. |
In: Chemistry
1. List the major nomenclature rules for carboxylic acids, give an example (draw structure and give name)
2. Explain the two major influences on the acidity of the O-H bond in carboxylic acids
3. Describe specific reagents used to oxidize and reduce aldehydes and ketones, provide an example of each (4 total)
4. Draw the mechanism for the Grignard reaction
In: Chemistry