1. An employer earning $160,000 is considering establishing multiple retirement plans for his organization so he can save more for retirement. Which combination would allow for the largest contribution?

1. 401(k) plan and SIMPLE 401(k) plan
2. Private 457(b) plan and 403(b) plan
3. SIMPLE IRA plan and SEP IRA plan
4. 401(k) plan and 403(b) plan

In a random sample of​ males, it was found that

19

write with their left hands and

221

do not. In a random sample of​ females, it was found that

60

write with their left hands and

457

do not. Use a

0.01

significance level to test the claim that the rate of​ left-handedness among males is less than that among females. Complete parts​ (a) through​ (c) below.

what is the z value and P value and the 98% confidence interval?

HMG-CoA reductase is a highly regulated enzyme. Identify three distinct mechanisms by which this enzyme is regulated. For each, describe the triggering event and its outcomes on HMGR levels or activity.

Your colleague discovered a potential small molecule reversible inhibitor of the enzyme.  How would you set up an experiment to determine the type of inhibition this small molecule has on the enzyme?  

Using chemical structures and a reaction mechanism to illustrate your answer, provide an example of concerted acid-base catalysis in enzyme catalysis AND briefly explain why this is not possible in the absence of an enzyme.

a. What are the steps/characteristics of lysosome centered protein degradation? Discuss any specificities and give an example of at least one protein which is cleared via the lysosomal degradation.

  

b. What are the steps in the proteasome centered protein degradation via ubiquitination? Include the labeling with ubiquitin and the steps in proteasome and post proteasome processing. Discuss any specificities and give an example of at least one protein which is degraded via ubiquitination and the proteasome.

  

iv) Protein degradation may also be a way of regulating enzyme activities. What is an example of regulation of a key enzyme of a pathway where a product or effector regulates enzyme activity by increasing or decreasing the rate of degradation of the enzyme protein?

1. Briefly explain the regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP) and how its concentration ismediated by insulin and glucagon.

5.Consider the regulation of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and the TCA cycle, how is the regulation of these pathways linked to thermodynamics? How are they linked to one another?

Explain what is meant by the following statement: “Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis are reciprocally regulated.”

a. Detail the regulation of the unique enzymes found in each pathway in terms of metabolism