In: Finance
Total blood volume (in ml) per body weight (in kg) is important in medical research. For healthy adults, the red blood cell volume mean is about μ = 28 ml/kg.† Red blood cell volume that is too low or too high can indicate a medical problem. Suppose that Roger has had seven blood tests, and the red blood cell volumes were as follows.
| 34 | 23 | 43 | 33 | 29 | 36 | 31 |
The sample mean is x ≈ 32.7 ml/kg. Let x be a random variable that represents Roger's red blood cell volume. Assume that x has a normal distribution and σ = 4.75. Do the data indicate that Roger's red blood cell volume is different (either way) from μ = 28 ml/kg? Use a 0.01 level of significance.
(a) What is the level of significance?
State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a
left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
a. H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ > 28 ml/kg; right-tailed
b. H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ ≠ 28 ml/kg; two-tailed
c. H0: μ ≠ 28 ml/kg; H1: μ = 28 ml/kg; two-tailed
d. H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ < 28 ml/kg; left-tailed
(b) What sampling distribution will you use? Explain the rationale
for your choice of sampling distribution.
a. The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ.
b. The Student's t, since n is large with unknown σ.
c. The Student's t, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ.
d. The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with unknown σ.
Compute the z value of the sample test statistic. (Round
your answer to two decimal places.)
(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to
four decimal places.)
(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level α?
a. At the α = 0.01 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
b. At the α = 0.01 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
c. At the α = 0.01 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
d. At the α = 0.01 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
(e) State your conclusion in the context of the application.
a. There is sufficient evidence at the 0.01 level to conclude that Roger's average red cell volume differs from the average for healthy adults.
b. There is insufficient evidence at the 0.01 level to conclude that Roger's average red cell volume differs from the average for healthy adults.
In: Statistics and Probability
Total blood volume (in ml) per body weight (in kg) is important in medical research. For healthy adults, the red blood cell volume mean is about μ = 28 ml/kg.† Red blood cell volume that is too low or too high can indicate a medical problem. Suppose that Roger has had seven blood tests, and the red blood cell volumes were as follows.
| 31 | 25 | 41 | 37 | 31 | 37 | 29 |
The sample mean is x ≈ 33.0 ml/kg. Let x be a random variable that represents Roger's red blood cell volume. Assume that x has a normal distribution and σ = 4.75. Do the data indicate that Roger's red blood cell volume is different (either way) from μ = 28 ml/kg? Use a 0.01 level of significance.
(a) What is the level of significance?____
State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a
left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
__H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ < 28 ml/kg; left-tailed
__H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ > 28 ml/kg; right-tailed
__H0: μ = 28 ml/kg; H1: μ ≠ 28 ml/kg; two-tailed
__H0: μ ≠ 28 ml/kg; H1: μ = 28 ml/kg; two-tailed
(b) What sampling distribution will you use? Explain the rationale
for your choice of sampling distribution.
__The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ.
__The Student's t, since n is large with unknown σ.
__The standard normal, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with unknown σ.
__The Student's t, since we assume that x has a normal distribution with known σ.
Compute the z value of the sample test statistic. (Round
your answer to two decimal places.)___
(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to
four decimal places.)___
(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level α?
__At the α = 0.01 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
__At the α = 0.01 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
__At the α = 0.01 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
__At the α = 0.01 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
(e) State your conclusion in the context of the application.
__There is sufficient evidence at the 0.01 level to conclude that Roger's average red cell volume differs from the average for healthy adults.
__There is insufficient evidence at the 0.01 level to conclude that Roger's average red cell volume differs from the average for healthy adults.
In: Statistics and Probability
Research indicates that the color red increases men’s attraction to women (Elliot & Niesta, 2008). In the original study, men were shown women’s photographs presented on either a white or red background. Photographs presented on red were rated significantly more attractive than the same photographs mounted on white. In a similar study, a researcher prepares a set of 30 women’s photographs, with 15 mounted on a white background and 15 mounted on red. One picture is identified as the test photograph and appears twice in the set, once on white and once on red. Each male participant looks through the entire set of photographs and rates the attractiveness of each woman on a 10-point scale. The following table summarizes the ratings of the test photograph for a sample of nine men. Are the ratings for the test photograph significantly different when it is presented of a red background compared to a white background?
| Participant | White Background | Red Background |
| A | 4 | 7 |
| B | 6 | 7 |
| C | 5 | 8 |
| D | 5 | 9 |
| E | 6 | 9 |
| F | 4 | 7 |
| G | 3 | 9 |
| H | 8 | 9 |
| I | 6 | 9 |
Cohen’s d= M1 – M2/ ((SD1+SD2) /2)
In: Math
A peony plant with red petals was crossed with another plant having streaky petals. A geneticist states that 70% of the offspring resulting from this cross will have red flowers. To test this, 80 seeds from this cross were collected and germinated and 46 plants had red petals.
(a) Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.02 significance level to indicate the proportion of the hybrid plants with red petals differs from 70%? Use the P-value method in your test.
(b) What would a Type I error be in this case?
*Please explain*
In: Statistics and Probability
1. Victoria is doing a chi-square test to see if people in California have the same color preferences as people in Arizona. A sample of 100 Californians were polled. Thirty-five people prefer yellow, fifty people prefer green, and fifteen people prefer red. A sample of 50 Arizonans were polled. Ten people prefer yellow, ten people prefer green, and thirty people prefer red. Calculate the test statistic. State the critical value. Come to a conclusion about the null hypothesis. And state what Victoria should conclude about Californian’s and Arizonan’s color preferences? Let α = .05.
2. In the question above (California vs Arizona), if the hull hypothesis were true, what would you expect the chi-squared statistic to equal, on average?
In: Statistics and Probability
Explain in detail. Use graphs to explain your answer wherever necessary:
A small open economy that is a net lender
In: Economics
IMPORTANT!!! Please answer it precisely. It is expected to use academic knowledge and language. Use your own words, do not copy paste.
Suppose you are a microbiologist living in late 1800ies and early 1900. You suspect that the microorganism called Mycobacterium leprae might be responsible for the disease called leprosy. You had heard about a researcher called Robert Koch and his postulates, and you would like to follow his approach to test if leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Explain stepwise and in detail the experimental procedure that you would follow. Please also explain what kind of results you would expect in each step of your procedure.
In: Biology
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with citations and references in APA format.
In: Computer Science
Six people had submitted urine samples to the laboratory. The samples were given at the same time, and the amount of urine was equal in all samples. Your task is to help with the information
below about the different test subjects, analyze what each person's urine sample should show. Background information:
1. One person was completely healthy
2. A person suffered from untreated diabetes
3. One person worked in a factory with hot and dry air
4. One person produced too little antidiuretic hormone
5. A person suffered from a hereditary defect on the nephron's basement membrane (it is too sparse)
6. A person has urinary tract infection
Please read about the function of the kidneys and its parts and how the function is regulated. Describe how much urine the people in question would have, and how one might test its properties. It can be good to also search on the internet.
You must explain in detail and in a nuanced manner the meaning of concepts and models that relate to the kidney structure and function linked to the scenarios set in the question, also highlight specific methods for testing urine properties in all situations and explain why you can use these tests in conjunction with these scenarios. The report should also have a clear structure with a red thread, and that is easy to follow in the text. You use different types of sources and make well-founded and nuanced assessments of the credibility and relevance of the information and sources.
In: Biology