You are a RN working in ED, looking after Edith, an 87-year-old with an admitting diagnosis of Acopia. All acute interventions have been completed for Edith, but the wards are full, so she will spend the next 8 hours (+) on an ED trolley in a corridor.

1. What is the impact of a diagnosis based on the labelling of a patient?

Answer this using online learning materials provided and other peer reviewed evidence. Acopia itself is more of a symptom of underlying changes than a diagnosis. 'Acopia' refers to decreased ability to cope/ manage activities of everyday life and is a symptom of increasing frailty. Edith is 87 years of age. Normal ageing process eventually leads to frailty. We studied frail aged in week 8 tutorial (review recording if you have forgotten) and in week 6 online material. Nurses role - Include an analysis of how this labelling impact the care Edith receives. (250 words)

2. How do normal changes of ageing increase the risk of Edith developing a pressure injury in this scenario?

Here you need to consider normal physiological changes that occur as part of ageing to body systems that increase the risk of developing pressure injury. We covered this in week 6 and week 10 online learning and in additional readings. You could easily relate at least 3 systems to this answer. Nurses role - Also analyse the role of the nurse to prevent pressure injury for Edith. Remember the scenario context. (250 words)

You are a RN working in community care, visiting Amita, a 76-year-old with a chronic and painful venous ulcer on her lower leg. She takes multiple medications for chronic illness, and a codeine-based medication for pain. Amita lives alone in her own home.

3. How would Amita’s chronic pain impact on her ability to maintain a safe environment?

Consider how chronic pain, particularly a leg ulcer may make it difficult for Amita to maintain a safe
environment. Key points - chronic pain, what is a ‘safe’ environment and the impact on Amita’s ability to maintain safe environment given this scenario. Falls is only one concern, but what impacts this risk? Nurses role – analyse the nurse’s role in facilitating Amita to achieve a safe environment and consider facilitators, barriers and what you can do as a nurse. (250 words)

Freeze drying is a technique for dehydrating substances at low temperatures, thereby avoiding the degradation that may accompany heating. The material to be dried is cooled to a temperature at which all of the water present turns to ice. The frozen substance is then placed in a vacuum chamber and may also be subjected to radiant or microwave heating; the ice in the food sublimes, and the vapor is carried off by the vacuum pump. Steaks are to be freeze-dried in a heated chamber at 1 torr (1 mm Hg). The steaks, which contain 72% water by mass, enter the chamber at 26°C at a rate of 50 kg/min. Of the water entering with the steaks, 96% leaves as a vapor at 60°C; the remainder leaves as a liquid with the steaks at 50°C.

(a) Use the heat capacity data given below and additional tabulated data for water to calculate the required heat input in kilowatts.

(Cp)ice =2.17 J/(g°C)

(Cp)dry meat =1.38 J/(g°C)

(b) When large temperature changes are not involved in a phase-change operation, a reasonable estimate of the required heat transfer rate may be obtained by neglecting contributions of temperature changes to the overall process enthalpy change (i.e., by taking only phase changes into account). Moreover, it is often reasonable to use any available values of latent heats, neglecting their dependence on temperature and pressure. In the case of the freeze-drying process, the approximation might be to calculate only the heat needed to melt all the water and vaporize 96% of it, using latent heats at the normal melting and boiling points (Table B.1) and neglecting the heat required to raise the temperature of the meat and water. What percentage error in the calculated value of Q_ would result from this approximation? Take the value determined in Part (a) to be exact.

(c) Many substances, such as food and drugs, spoil if exposed too long to high temperatures (which accelerate rates of degradation) or to liquid water (which provides an environment for growth of microbial species that cause degradation). Also, rates of evaporation and sublimation increase as BIOENGINEERING Problems 477 WEBC08 06/04/2015 22:38:24 Page 478 temperature increases and pressure decreases. Use those observations to construct a oneparagraph explanation of how freeze-drying works and the reason for each step of the process. (For example, why is the sublimation done in a vacuum chamber?) Your explanation should be clear to someone with a nontechnical or nonscientific background.

Promoting international trade is not a zero-sum game. It is a win-win proposition; both parties gain from trade.

Consider the following:

• Tariffs are paid by the citizens of the country imposing tariffs, not by the citizens of the country producing the products upon which the tariffs are levied.
• The term “trade deficits” is a misnomer. Every country’s trade is always in balance.
• Trade deficits do not mean the US no longer produces anything to export. The US is the world’s second largest manufacturer and the world’s second largest exporter of manufactured goods.
• Trade deficits reflect a strong economy. Trade deficits rise during economic expansions and fall during economic contractions. Unemployment falls as trade deficits rise and rises as trade deficits fall.
• Imports and exports are complements, not competitors. Both are necessary and both contribute to economic growth.
• Roughly one-third of all US imports and exports is trade between US multinational companies and their overseas subsidiaries.
• Foreign-owned companies operating in the US number in the thousands and provide directly or indirectly jobs for more than 13 million US workers (roughly, 10% of the US workforce).
• US trade deficit in goods in 2018 (as a % of GDP) was the same as it was 5, 10 and 15 years earlier.
• The rise in US goods trade deficit with China has not increased the US total goods trade deficit. It has been offset by reduced goods imports from other trading partners.
• There is a strong correlation between the rise in world trade and:
• The rise in world GDP
• The dramatic fall in the world’s extreme poverty rate
• The rise in world life expectancy
• For every US manufacturing job lost to trade between 2000 and 2010, seven US jobs were lost to domestic productivity improvements. Those seven jobs cannot be brought back from overseas because they never left the US.

Write an evaluation of credible economists’ unbiased opinions on the benefits, costs, and results of current US trade and tariff policies. Complete the following in your evaluation:

• Evaluate how US trade policy changes in the last 2 years affect global trade activities by multinational corporations.
• Discuss credible economists’ opinions on the long-term effects of trade and tariff policies changes in the last 2 years.
• Explain the effect of recent changes to trade and tariff policies have had on your employer, you, or someone you know.

The following accounts and balances were drawn from the records of Barker Company at December 31, 2018:

Required

Use the accounts and balances from Barker Company to construct an income statement, statement of changes in stockholders’ equity, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows (show only totals for each activity on the statement of cash flows).

Use the accounts and balances from Barker Company to construct an income statement.

Use the accounts and balances from Barker Company to construct statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.

Use the accounts and balances from Barker Company to construct balance sheet.

Use the accounts and balances from Barker Company to construct statement of cash flows (show only totals for each activity on the statement of cash flows). (Amounts to be deducted and cash outflows should be indicated with a minus sign.)

The first audit of the books of Fenimore Company was made for the year ended December 31, 2018. In examining the books, the auditor found that certain items that resulted from changes in accounting policies, accounting estimates and errors had been overlooked or incorrectly handled in the last 3 years.

Instructions

1.      Describe the types of accounting changes.                                                     

2.      Explain the accounting procedures for changes in accounting policies and estimates and the correction of errors.                                                                                 

3.      Assuming that the books for 2018 have not been closed, prepare the correcting journal entries related to the following items. Disregard the effects of these corrections on income tax.

a)      At the beginning of 2016, the company purchased a machine for $510,000 (residual value of $51,000) that had a useful life of 5 years. The bookkeeper used straight-line depreciation but failed to deduct the residual value in computing the depreciation base for the years 2016, 2017, 2018.                                                                    

b)      At the end of 2017, the company failed to accrue sales salaries of $45,000.

c)      A tax lawsuit that involved the year 2013 was settled late in 2018. It was determined that the company owed an additional $85,000 in taxes related to 2016. The company did not record a liability in 2016 or 2017 because the possibility of loss was considered remote and debited the $85,000 to a loss account in 2015 and credited Cash for the same amount.                                                                            (1 mark)

d)      Fenimore Company purchased a copyright from another company early in 2016 for $50,000. Fenimore had not amortized the copyright because its value had not diminished. The copyright has a useful life at purchase of 20 years.          

e)      In 2018, the company wrote off $87,000 of inventory considered to be obsolete; this loss was charged directly to Retained Earnings and credited to Inventory.

f)       Year-end salaries and wages payable of $3,400 were not recorded because the bookkeeper thought that “they were immaterial.”                                  

g)      Insurance for a 12-month period purchased on November 1 of this year was charged to insurance expense in the amount of $3,300 because “the amount of the cheque is about the same every year.”                                                                                

h)      Reported sales revenue for the year is $1,908,000. This includes all sales taxes collected for the year. The sales tax rate is 6%. Because the sales tax is forwarded to the Department of Revenue, the Sales Tax Expense account is debited. The bookkeeper thought that “the sales tax is a selling expense.” At the end of the current year, the balance in the Sales Tax Expense account is $103,400.        

1. Suppose commercial banks borrow from Federal Reserve Banks at the discount rate. What is the impact of this transaction on commercial bank reserves?

a. Commercial bank reserves will increase.

b. Commercial bank reserves will decrease.

c. Commercial banks reserves will be unchanged.

2. Suppose the Fed reduces the reserve ratio. What impact will this transaction have on commercial bank reserves?

a. Commercial bank reserves will increase.

b. Commercial bank reserves will decrease.

c. Commercial bank reserves will be unchanged.

3. Suppose that you are a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The economy is experiencing a sharp and prolonged inflationary trend. What changes in the reserve ratio should you recommend?

a. I should recommend increasing the reserve ratio to reduce lending and reduce spending.

b. I should recommend decreasing the reserve ratio to increase lending and increase spending.

4. Suppose that you are a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The economy is experiencing a sharp and prolonged inflationary trend. What changes in the discount rate should you recommend?

a. I should recommend increasing the discount rate to reduce lending to reduce spending.and demand-pull inflation.

b. I should recommend decreasing the discount rate to increase lending and increase spending real GDP.

c. I should recommend making no change to the discount rate as it does not affect borrowing or spending.

5. Suppose that you are a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The economy is experiencing a sharp and prolonged inflationary trend. What changes in open market operations should you recommend?

a. I should recommend open market sales to reduce the money supply and reduce demand-pull inflation.

b. I should recommend open market purchases to increase the money supply to increase real GDP.

c. I should recommend open market sales to increase the money supply to increase real GDP.

d. I should recommend no change in open market operations.

6. The liquidity trap occurs when

a. The reserve ratio is increased and borrowing must be reduced.

b. Increased money supply or reduced interest rates fail to encourage increased demand.

c. People decide to hold more of their personal financial assets in cash instead of as checkable deposits.

d. Monetary policy fails to reduce inflation.

Sara Lang is a charge nurse at Sunny Nursing Home and has worked under the same president, Lisa Davis, for five years. In fact, the two have become good friends. They frequently socialize after hours. Rick Walters, Director of Nursing, is a capable person who has been working there for three years. Four nurses (Anna, Barbara, Charles, and Dan) report directly to Sara.

Anna, one of the nurses, was having personal difficulties. She asked Sara if she could change her work schedule from the usual 8-hour shift of 4 days with 3 consecutive days off to 16-hour shifts for two days and 5 consecutive days off. Sara thought that was not a problem and told Anna that she would enter that information into the computerized scheduling system, and that she would tell Lisa Davis of the change, since they were getting together for a drink after work.

Barbara overheard the conversation between Sara and Anna, and she immediately went to see Rick Walters and complained that Anna was getting preferential treatment and she wanted the same schedule. Rick, who always wanted to make sure that the nursing staff were happy and got along, approved Barbara’s change in schedule. He made this change through the computerized schedule and did not tell anyone else. Barbara, who is good friends with Charles, told him of her new schedule. Charles, who works closely with Chief of Staff, Dr. Goodman, told Dr. Goodman of the change in Barbara’s schedule and asked Dr. Goodman to change his. Dr. Goodman thought it was a good idea and e-mailed Charles’ new schedule to his assistant, Susan Stevens, to enter it into the scheduling system.

On the next Monday morning, changes were implemented to Anna’s, Barbara’s, and Charles’ schedules. Yet, no one had discussed these changes with anyone else. When the schedule was printed out and posted, it showed that Anna, Barbara, and Charles were all off for 5 days that week from Monday to Friday and all three began work on Saturday. In the meantime, the only nurse left working was Dan.

Discussion Questions:

1. What are the different forms of communication flow taking place?
2. What changes should have been implemented?
3. What should be done now?

Management has decided to reduce direct material and ordering costs by purchasing sub-assembled components and not individual parts. you must do the following.

Requirements:

Using the Revised Category Costs tab, make the following changes under " Changes" Category. Other categories' costs remain same.
- Reduce direct labor rate from $30.00 to $28.00 per unit
- Reduce direct labor quantity from 3.00 to 2.65 hours per unit
- Reduce receiving and shipping ordering quantity from 100 to 90 units.
- Reduce testing and inspection from $2.00 to $1.75 per unit
- Reduce rework costs from $20 to $18 per unit
- Compute total costs for each category
- Complete Revised Cost Information tab
- Calculate total costs
- Calculate cost per unit for each category, round to two decimal points

Show all calculations within the cells. This means that you must use formulas and links so that your thought process can be examined. You must also include a detailed explanation of each journal entry that you make or do not make on each date to convey your thought process.

Does Elevation Affect Temperature Mid-June?
Suppose that you wanted to determine the effect, if any, that elevation has on temperature. The table below lists the elevations (in feet above sea level) of 24 randomly selected cities in the United States and the low temperatures (in degrees Fahrenheit) of these cities on June 15, 2020.

Our eyes can be fooled by how strong a linear relationship is; we need to use a numerical measure, the correlation coefficient, to accurately describe the association between elevation and low temperature. Correlation measures the strength and direction (type) of linear relationships.

This is quite tedious to compute by hand, so we will use our calculator to obtain the value of r.

Using your calculator, press STAT, choose CALC, then 8: LinReg (a+bx). Enter L₁, L₂. Then press the ENTER key to get the correlation coefficient (rounded to 4 decimal places).

r ≈                                           

Given the value of r above, what is the strength of the linear relationship?            Weak        Moderate      Strong

When a scatterplot shows a linear relationship, we would like to summarize the overall pattern by drawing a line on the scatterplot. A regression line describes how a response variable changes as an explanatory variable changes. The least-squares regression line is the line that makes the sum of the squares of the vertical distances of the data points to the line as small as possible.

The form of the equation of a line is y = a + bx where a is the y-intercept, the value of y when x=0, and b is the slope, the amount y changes when x increases by one unit.

Using your calculator, press STAT, choose CALC, 8: LinReg (a+bx). Enter L₁, L₂. Then press the ENTER key to get the coefficients for the least-squares regression line (don't round).  

a =                                                      

b =                                                      

The equation of the least-squares regression line is: _________________________________________________

The coefficient of determination, r², is the proportion of the variation in the values of y that is explained by the linear relationship with x.

r² ≈                                 for this data (write as a decimal rounded to four decimal places)