Activity 3: Which procedure?
For each question, determine which inference procedure is appropriate (perform hypothesis test or construct a confidence interval), and identify the parameter of interest (p, p1 – p2, µ, µ1 – µ2, µd).
What percentage of college students engage in underage drinking in their freshman year?

Test or Interval Parameter

What is the average change in a person’s heart rate when comparing measurements from before and after a scary scene in a horror film?

Test or Interval Parameter

What is the average number of siblings of all Penn State students?

Test or Interval Parameter

Is there a difference in the percent of college freshman and college sophomores who engage in underage drinking?
Test or Interval Parameter

On average, are college graduates exiting school with a GPA above 3.0?

Test or Interval Parameter

Is the percent of sophomores living on campus at Penn State different than 30%?
Test or Interval Parameter

Is there a difference in the percentage of season games of their favorite sport a fan attends based on if their favorite sport is baseball or basketball?

Test or Interval Parameter

The Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes (SSHA) is a psychological test that measures the motivation, attitude toward school, and study habits of students. Scores range from 0 to 200. A selective private college gives the SSHA to an SRS of both male and female first-year students. The data for the women are as follows: 154 109 137 115 152 140 154 178 101 103 126 126 137 165 165 129 200 148 Here are the scores of the men: 108 140 114 91 180 115 126 92 169 146 109 132 75 88 113 151 70 115 187 104 Most studies have found that the mean SSHA score for men is lower than the mean score in a comparable group of women. Is this true for first-year students at this college? Use a 1% significance level

(a) Hypotheses and results:

(b) Draw a picture and label p-value and horizontal axis:

(c) Draw a conclusion. Don’t just accept or reject. Say what it means in terms of this problem.

Economists believe people should get paid according to the value of the output they produce. This is fairly easy to determine when you produce something physical, such as cupcakes. However, it becomes very difficult to measure if you are providing a service (perhaps teaching, or you're a doctor treating a medical condition). Regardless of how you measure the value of the output, the more productive you are the more valuable you are in the market to potential employers. This is the reason many economists are against the minimum wage and are for programs that contribute to improving an employee's productivity (such as education and training). There is surprising agreement with just how important education is in minimizing income inequality among economists.

Given this information, what would you recommend to policy makers? What do you think about various school districts having vastly different access to resources around the state, or even the country? Recall, spending more money on education does have an opportunity cost - be sure to include that in your answer. Note, this is NOT a couple sentence discussion. I'm expecting you to clearly demonstrate deep reflective thought.

1)Assume that the data has a normal distribution and the number of observations is greater than fifty. Find the critical z value used to test a null hypothesis. Round to two decimal places. α = 0.07; alternate hypothesis H 1 is μ ≠ 3.24 LaTeX: \pm ± __________

2)Use the given information to find the P-value. The test statistic in a right-tailed test is z = 0.21. Round to two decimals.

3)Find the P-value for the indicated hypothesis test. A medical school claims that more than 14% of its students plan to go into general practice. It is found that among a random sample of 99 of the school's students, 25% of them plan to go into general practice. Find the P-value for a test of the school's claim. Round to 4 decimals.

5)Find the P-value for the indicated hypothesis test. An airline claims that the no-show rate for passengers booked on its flights is less than 5%. Of 380 randomly selected reservations, 18 were no-shows. Find the P-value for a test of the airline's claim. Round to 2 decimals.

2.The following table contains data on the joint distribution of age(Age​)and average hourly earnings​(AHE​)for 25 to 34​ year-old full-time workers with an educational level that exceeds a high school diploma in 2012. Download the data from the table by clicking the download table icon.A detailed description of the variables used in the dataset is available here

. Use a statistical package of your choice to answer the following questions.

Compute the marginal distribution of

Age.

A.Compute the mean of AHE for Age​ = 31​; that​ is, compute, E( (AHE Age=31)=.

B. Use the law of iterated expectations to compute the mean of AHE​; that is compute E(AHE)

c. Compute the variance of AHE​; that is compute   var(AHE​).

D. Compute the covariance between AHE and Age​; that is compute cov (AHE​, Age​)

F. Compute the correlation between AHE and Age​; that is compute corr(AHE​, Age​)

A researcher would like to know whether there is a significant relationship between Verbal skills and Math skills in population of high school students. A sample of n = 200 students is randomly selected and each student is given a standardized Verbal skills test and a standardized Math skills test.

Based on the test results, students are classified as High or Low in Verbal skills and Math skills.

The results are summarized in the following frequency distribution table (i.e., the numbers represent the frequency count of students in each category):

Based on these results, can the researcher conclude that there is a significant

relationship between Verbal skills and Math skills? Test at the .05 level of significance.

For full credit, your answer must include:

         - hypotheses

         - computed Chi² test for Independence (show all computational steps)

         - computed phi-coefficient to measure the strength of the relationship

         - df and the critical Chi²value for p < .05

         - decision about H₀ and conclusion in the APA reporting format

Images of violence are a constant presence on nightly news media. It is no longer an oddity as individuals worldwide reek vengeance and mayhem on the innocent. Many people say enough and that it must stop. We blame many factors for all the death and harm, but as yet there is no collective will to make changes necessary to stop it. There are individual and group efforts, as for example the parents at Sandy Hook school where a whole class of first graders were killed. We can blame psychopaths, troubled individuals, availability of guns and knives, and poor parenting. But what really is wrong? Philosophers have discussed this question for thousands of years and many suggest that humans are naturally brutish and aggressive. Some point to cultures which encourage male aggressiveness and violent behavior. While those people debate the why, we need to debate how it can be stopped. In the case of warfare, there are rules for the engagement of war and for conduct during a war. But for everyday living in a world of gangs and drugs, there are no rules. How do good citizens deal with citizens who are not.

What are some ideas that could offer us some hope to create a peaceful world?

Question 3 30 marks Travel On Inc. sells luggage. They sell a duffle bag, a carry-on suitcase and a deluxe suitcase. The price and variable cost for each type of luggage is listed below. Price Variable Cost Duffle bag R100 R 25 Carry-on 180 40 Deluxe 300 120 The total fixed costs for Travel On Inc. equals R60,000. For every 8 duffle bags. Travel On Inc sells it sells 3 carry-on suitcases and 1 deluxe suitcase. PBA4807 - Accounting for managers Page 15 of 16 © UNISA Graduate School of Business Leadership Required: 1.) Calculate the package contribution margin. 2.) Calculate the break-even point in units for duffle bags, carry-on suitcases and deluxe suitcases. 3.) If Travel On Inc. has a target income for the coming year of R300,000, how many packages will the company have to sell? 4.) Based on your answer in Part C, prepare a contribution margin income statement for the coming year. 5.) What is the company’s margin of safety in packages?

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardner. It states that the traditional notion of intelligence, based on I.Q. testing, is far too limited. Instead, Dr. Gardner proposes 8 different intelligence to account for a broader range of human potential in children and adults. This intelligence is:

Linguistic intelligence (“word smart”)
Logical-mathematical intelligence (“number/reasoning smart”)
Spatial intelligence (“picture smart”)
Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence (“body smart”)
Musical intelligence (“music smart”)
Interpersonal intelligence (“people smart”)
Intrapersonal intelligence (“self smart”)
Naturalist intelligence (“nature smart”)
Please address the following questions in your post:

How do you view intelligence? What do you think has influenced your way of understanding an individual’s capabilities?
Which of the above intelligence do you resonate with most and why? Provide instances and examples from your life.
List at least 2 other people that encompass a different type of intelligence than yourself and give examples of how they demonstrate this type of intelligence in their everyday life (work, relationships, school, etc.)

You are curious about the role of graduate status on work-life balance in Tech students. In a sample of 100 undergraduate students, 37 reported having trouble balancing school and work. In a separate sample of 75 graduate students, 50 had trouble with this balance. Test the null hypothesis that undergraduate or graduate students are equally likely to have trouble with work-life balance (alpha=0.05).

For independent sample t-tests: mean values for each sample, the variances for each sample, estimated standard error of the difference in means, the t-ratio, degrees of freedom, the t-critical value, and your decision to reject or retain the null.

For dependent sample t-tests: mean values for each sample, standard deviation for the difference between groups, standard error of the difference between the means, the t-ratio, degrees of freedom, the t-critical value, and your decision to reject or retain the null.

For proportions: sample proportions, combined proportions, standard error of the difference, z-score, critical z-score, and your decision to reject or retain the null.