The polarization of a helium-neon laser can change with time. The light from a 1.5 mW laser is initially horizontally polarized; as the laser warms up, the light changes to be vertically polarized. Suppose the laser beam passes through a polarizer whose axis is 33 ∘ from horizontal.

By what percent does the light intensity transmitted through the polarizer decrease as the laser warms up?

Express your answer using two significant figures.

1. A company must pay a liability of $1,000 in 2 years. Zero coupon bonds with term of 1 year and 4 years are available for investment. The effective rate of interest is 7.5%.

   1. (a) How much of each bond should the company buy in order to achieve full immunization?

   2. (b) Show empirically that immunization has been achieved even for large changes in the interest rate. Take as an example a decrease in the interest rate to 0% and an increase to 100%.

Lulu hyper market reduces the price of oranges from OMR 5 per kg to OMR 3. Hence, the weekly sales increase from 8,000 to 10,000 units.

Answer the questions:

Q1. Calculate the price elasticity of demand with clear steps of working.   

Q2. The observed value belongs to which type of price elasticity of demand.

Q3. Describe in your own idea the demand situation and the shape of its curve in relation to the market changes.   

Visit the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve website and read the latest Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statement which discusses the current type of monetary policy which the Federal Reserve is implementing:

http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/default.htm

1. Is the Federal Reserve implementing expansionary or contractionary monetary policy? Why?

2. How do you think that the Federal Reserve's changes to monetary policy will impact the condition of the U.S. economy? Why?

1. Describe the effects of each of the following events on the US economy (i.e. What may happen to the price? To the real output?). Explain briefly what cause these effects (i.e. What happens to determinants of AD or AS or both? Why? ).Illustrate your answers in given AD-AS diagrams. Label your diagrams and changes carefully.

1. Consumers are confident about the future employment prospect.

            P                                     AS                                                   

                                                AD

                                                                        Y        

1. Firms are very pessimistic about the economic outlook.

            P                                     AS   

At the beginning of the current year, Snell Co. total assets were $282,000 and its total liabilities were $191,200. During the year, the company reported total revenues of $127,000, total expenses of $93,000 and dividends of $22,000. There were no other changes in equity during the year and total assets at the end of the year were $294,000. The company's debt ratio at the end of the current year is:

A: 35.0%.

B: 65.0%.

C: 67.8%

D: 147.00%

E: 53.8%

. Give an hypothetical numerical example to show the relationship between the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and the multiplier (m)? How do you conclude the relationship between these two? b. Considering both the Keynesian and the aggregate demand-supply frameworks, if households as a group experience an increase in wealth at a given price level, what happen to total expenditure (TE), aggregate demand (AD) and Real GDP. Illustrate and explain the changes using a suitable graph.

Satellite Ltd is a company that is hurt by COVID-19 crisis and experiencing major trading difficulties. Of late the company has defaulted on its loan with its bank. Consequently, the bank has used the powers in the loan agreement to monitor the company’s activities closely in order to obtain repayment of its debt. The company must now obtain the bank’s authorisation for any expenditure over $10000 and no changes in operations of the company are permitted without the bank’s approval.

1. During a recessionary gap, is the goal to increase or decrease the equilibrium

      GDP?  Will the change in spending be greater than, less than or equal to the

      change in the equilibrium GDP?

2. In a given economy, with an equilibrium GDP of $750,000 both governmen

    purchases and taxes increase by $50,000.  Solve for the new equilibrium GDP that

    will result from these two changes.

3. In a given economy with an MPC of 0.8, the equilibrium GDP equals $600,000.  

      If M increases by $20000, solve for the new equilibrium GDP that will result.