a. Input the data to R and draw a scatter plot, and you can see that the current scale is not the best for display. You can apply a log-transformation on both variables. This can be done by using the log() function, you can put the old data.frame in the parenthesis, and assign the output a name so that you will have a new data.frame of the transformed data, something like below
> new.data <- log(old.data)
Draw a scatter plot of the new data, does it look much better?

c. Fit a linear model on the original data. Draw plot the residual against the predictor using something similar to
> plot(old.data$BodyWeight, lm.fit$res)
What do you think about the assumption that the error term does not depend on x ?

d. Fit a linear model on the log-transformed data. Draw a plot the residual against the predictor. What do you see now?

Can you please show all work?

In 2019, Pittsburgh Steelers starting quarterback Ben Roethlisberger suffered a season-ending elbow injury in Week 2. The team struggled to find a quarterback until Week 12, when undrafted rookie Devlin “Duck” Hodges entered a game against the Cincinnati Bengals at halftime and led the Steelers to a surprising comeback victory. His performance earned him the starting job for the rest of the season and engendered a flurry of media speculation about his potential as a future quarterback for the Steelers.

Assume quarterbacks can either be good, average, or bad. Because Hodges was undrafted, it’s fair to say that coaches and fans had low expectations for him. Assume the initial probability distribution for Hodges was:

P(Good) =0.1

P(Average)=0.2

P(Bad)= 0.7

Also assume quarterbacks can either have strong performances or weak performances (there are only two types of performances, strong or weak). The chance of a good quarterback having a strong performance is 80%, the chance of an average QB having a strong performance is 50%, and the chance of a bad QB having a strong performance is 30%. We have:

P(S | G) =0.8

P(S | A)=0.5

P(S | B)= 0.3

From ESPN.com, Hodges turned in the following performances during the last 6 weeks of the season:

Use Bayes’s Rule to fill in the following table with the week-by-week probabilities of Duck being good, average, or bad.

1. Point P is located at the origin of a coordinate plane.
   Object A of charge -1e-9 C is located on the x-axis of a coordinate plane at x = 0.2 m.
   Object B of charge 5e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = 0.3 m.
   Calculate the direction (angle formed with the positive x-axis) of the net
   electric field at point P due to objects A and B. (1 point)
   1. 91.382°
   2. -65.772°
   3. 125.651°
   4. 114.228°
   5. -72.349°
2. Point P is located at the origin of a coordinate plane.
   Object A of charge -5e-9 C is located on the x-axis of a coordinate plane at x = 0.5 m.
   Object B of charge -1e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = 0.5 m.
   Calculate the magnitude of the net electric field at point P
   due to objects A and B. (1 point)
   1. 220.278 N ⁄ C
   2. 165.208 N ⁄ C
   3. 110.139 N ⁄ C
   4. 128.495 N ⁄ C
   5. 183.565 N ⁄ C
3. Point P is located on the x-axis of a coordinate plane at x = 0.2 m.
   Object A of charge 5e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = 0.1 m.
   Object B of charge -5e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = -0.4 m.
   Calculate the magnitude of the net electric field at point P due to objects A and B. (1 point)
   1. 556.619 N ⁄ C
   2. 649.389 N ⁄ C
   3. 1113.239 N ⁄ C
   4. 927.699 N ⁄ C
   5. 1020.469 N ⁄ C
4. Point P is located on the x-axis of a coordinate plane at x = 0.5 m.
   Object A of charge -1e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = 0.2 m.
   Object B of charge -4e-9 C is located on the y-axis of a coordinate plane at y = -0.1 m.
   Calculate the direction (angle with respect to the positive x-axis)
   of the net electric field at point P due to objects A and B. (1 point)
   1. 183.224°
   2. 185.424°
   3. 184.324°
   4. 188.724°
   5. 181.024°

In 2019, Pittsburgh Steelers starting quarterback Ben Roethlisberger suffered a season-ending elbow injury in Week 2. The team struggled to find a quarterback until Week 12, when undrafted rookie Devlin “Duck” Hodges entered a game against the Cincinnati Bengals at halftime and led the Steelers to a surprising comeback victory. His performance earned him the starting job for the rest of the season and engendered a flurry of media speculation about his potential as a future quarterback for the Steelers.

Assume quarterbacks can either be good, average, or bad. Because Hodges was undrafted, it’s fair to say that coaches and fans had low expectations for him. Assume the initial probability distribution for Hodges was:

P(Good) =0.1

P(Average)=0.2

P(Bad)= 0.7

Also assume quarterbacks can either have strong performances or weak performances (there are only two types of performances, strong or weak). The chance of a good quarterback having a strong performance is 80%, the chance of an average QB having a strong performance is 50%, and the chance of a bad QB having a strong performance is 30%. We have:

P(S | G) =0.8

P(S | A)=0.5

P(S | B)= 0.3

From ESPN.com, Hodges turned in the following performances during the last 6 weeks of the season:

Use Bayes’s Rule to fill in the following table with the week-by-week probabilities of Duck being good, average, or bad.

An important quality characteristic used by the manufacturers of ABC asphalt shingles is the amount of moisture the shingles contain when they are packaged. Customers may feel that they have purchased a product lacking in quality if they find moisture and wet shingles inside the packaging.   In some cases, excessive moisture can cause the granules attached to the shingles for texture and colouring purposes to fall off the shingles resulting in appearance problems. To monitor the amount of moisture present, the company conducts moisture tests. A shingle is weighed and then dried. The shingle is then reweighed, and based on the amount of moisture taken out of the product, the pounds of moisture per 100 square feet is calculated. The company claims that the mean moisture content cannot be greater than 0.35 pound per 100 square feet.
The file (A & B shingles.csv) includes 36 measurements (in pounds per 100 square feet) for A shingles and 31 for B shingles.

3.1. For the A shingles, form the null and alternative hypothesis to test whether the population mean moisture content is less than 0.35 pound per 100 square feet.

3.2. For the B shingles, form the null and alternative hypothesis to test whether the population mean moisture content is less than 0.35 pound per 100 square feet.

3.3. Do you think that the population means for shingles A and B are equal?
Form the hypothesis and conduct the test of the hypothesis.
What assumption do you need to check before the test for equality of means is performed?

3.4. What assumption about the population distribution is needed in order to conduct the hypothesis tests above?

1.

• The balance sheet at the end of 2018 reported Accounts Receivable of $785,500 and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts of $11,783 (credit balance).
• The company’s total sales during 2019 were $8,350,200. Of these, $1,252,530 were cash sales the rest were credit sales.
• By the end of the year, the company had collected $6,291,700 of accounts receivable.
• It also wrote off an account for $10,380.

A.Prepare the journal entry for sales.

B. Prepare the journal entry for collections.

C. Prepare the journal entry for write-offs.

D. Post the beginning balance and the journal entries to the T-account for Accounts Receivable. Calculate the balance after these entries have been posted.

E. Post the beginning balance and the journal entries to the T-account Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Calculate and enter the balance after these entries have been posted.

1.2. December 31, 2019 aging schedule

Given the T-accounts for Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and the aging schedule above, prepare the December 31, 2019 adjusting entry for bad debt.  Show and label any calculation below the journal entry.

A. Enter the amount for Bad Debt Expense and which financial statement it will appear on.

B. Enter the amount for Accounts Receivable and which financial statement it will appear on.

C. Enter the amount for Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and which financial statement it will appear on.

D. Enter the amount for Net realizable value of Accounts Receivable and which financial statement it will appear on.

E. Prepare the December 31, 2019 adjusting entry for bad debt assuming the company uses % of credit sales instead of aging and it estimates that 0.3% of credit sales will be uncollectible. Show and label any calculation below the journal entry.

The Heat-Aire Company has two plants that produce identical heat pump units. Let X represent the #  of units produced at plant 1 and Y represent the # of units produced at plant 2.  The total cost of production at each plant is X^2 + 0.5X + 20 and Y^2 + 0.3 Y + 10 respectively.   Neither plant can make more than 450 heat pumps. Heat pumps can be shipped from either plant to satisfy demand from three different customers. The unit shipping costs and demands for each customer are summarized in the following table.

What is the optimal production and shipping plan, if management wants to meet customer demand at the lowest total cost?

1. Formulate an NLP model for this problem.

b. What is the optimal solution?  Clearly show how many pumps are produced at each plant, how many pumps are shipped from each plant to each customer, the total cost of production, and the total cost of shipping.

Chen is president of Chen cabinets Inc., a firm that manufactures two types of metal file cabinets.  Chen has a weekly labor capacity of 1,300 hours, with each smaller cabinet taking 1 hour to produce and the larger cabinet requiring 2 hours each. One wooden plank is used for each smaller cabinet and 1.5 planks are used for each larger cabinet.  Chen can get a supply of a maximum of 1000 planks each week.  Each two-drawer model sold yields a $10 profit, and the profit for the larger model is $25.

Chen has the following goals (1). Maximize profit, (2). Maximize number of cabinets produced.

1. Formulate this Goal programming problem.
2. Solve the goal programming problem to minimize the maximum % deviation from each goal. Show the solution, target values and % deviation from each goal.
3. What will be new solution if Goal # 1 was twice as important as Goal # 2?

1. Define the terms expansion and recession. How is the existence of a recession determined?

2. What are the relative lengths of expansions versus recessions? How have the average lengths of each changed over time?

3. How is business cycle volatility measured? Has volatility changed over time?

4. Define the terms employed, unemployed, labor force, discouraged work- ers, and labor force participation rate.

5. What is seasonal data adjustment, and why do macroeconomists prefer to study seasonally adjusted data?

6. What is consumption smoothing, and how does it arise in the life-cycle model?

7. Suppose that you are given the following information about the labor market. The amounts shown are in thousands.

   1. (a) For each year, calculate the size of the labor force.

   2. (b) For each year, calculate the labor force participation rate.

   3. (c) For each year, calculate the unemployment rate.

   4. (d) Do the data suggest that the number of discouraged workers might have increased in a particular year? If so, which year?

8. Assume that the economy starts out in a steady state characterized by the following values: A = 4, N = 200, α = 0.5; and β = 0.3 Suppose that A rises for only one period to 4.5, and then returns to its initial value of 4.

   (a) Trace out the resulting time path for the capital-labor ratio and total output over the next four periods.

   1

2. (b) What are the new steady-state values for the capital-labor ratio and total output?

3. (c) In what sense does the path of output constitute a ”business cy- cle”? In what sense does the output path not constitute a ”busi- ness cycle”?

9. You
and a strong believer in real business cycle theory. For the past several months, economic and financial data have indicated that real. GDP is falling. The President has asked for your opinion about the correct policy response. What do you tell him?

The spreadsheet is for question 7, I dont know how it got moved to question 8. Thank you!

Please I need it urgently

1. “Hassen Constructions SAOG”, the company is situated in Al Khuwair. The organization is specialised in the manufacturing of building materials that are used in construction sites.

Currently the company’s capital structure (total capital) is ungeared. However, the owners of Hassen constructions is planning to change their capital structure into a leverage (geared) capital structure as they believe having a debt component in its capital structure will be beneficial to the organization.

The company total capital is RO 300 million which is an equity-based capital structure. The company has two share buyback options available to move into a leverage(geared) capital structure.

Option 1

The company has an option in converting 30% of its equity capital to debt capital at an interest rate of 7%.

Option 2

The company has an option of converting 50% of its equity capital to debt capital at an interest rate of 7.5%

To evaluate the impact on the alternative policies the financial accountant of the company has presented the following data to evaluate the impact on ROE in the current capital structure and the above two given options.

The financial accountant believes that based on the sales forecast the sales could be either weak, average or strong. The probability for the market to be weak is 0.3, average 0.5 and strong 0.2.

The profits before interest and tax (PBIT) , if the market is considered to be weak is RO 30 million, if the market is average the PBIT is 50% greater than the market is weak and if the market is considered to be strong it is 75% greater than if the market is average.

The current applicable tax rate is 25%

Required:

1. Calculate expected annual return on equity (ROE) under each option (the current, option I and option II)
2. Calculate expected average annual return on equity (ROE) considering all options together.
3. Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of Hassen constructions in to changing their capital structure from and equity based to leverage. And, advise which of the three options (current or option I or option II) that Hassan Construction SAOG should go for under a normal situation? And substantiate your advice with suitable reasons.

d. Evaluate the factors that Hassen construction should consider when evaluating its capital structure policy.                                    

Welding fumes are a common occupational exposure. Several different welding fumes can cause similar adverse health effects. Personal sampling of a welding operation at a manufacturing facility produced the following 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) results for individual metal fumes.

(R) Respirable fraction (I) Inhalable fraction

Briefly summarize the primary health effects associated with overexposure to each type of metal fume, including both acute and chronic health effects. Explain what analytical methods you would use for evaluating health hazards in the workplace.

Identify the types of metal fumes that would produce similar health effects on an exposed worker. Assume that each listed metal can cause respiratory irritation. Use the equation in 1910.1000(d)(2)(i) to calculate the equivalent exposure (in relation to OSHA PELS) for the metal fumes with similar health effects based on the “Result” column in the table above. Discuss whether you believe any of the individual metal fume exposures or the combined exposure exceeds an OSHA PEL or an ACGIH TLV.