Ecosystem commodification is … Select one: a. the "splitting" of an ecosystem or ecosystem service into legally-defined and tradable property rights to specific services or resources. b. is a form of marketisation designed to counteract environmental degradation. c. an approach to human affairs in which the "free market" is given priority and money-mediated relations are seen as the best way to deliver services. d. all of the above.

Which of the following is not a limitation of cost benefit analysis? Select one: a. measuring costs and benefits can be difficult as they can be hard to monetise b. net benefits can be difficult to measure in the presence of other economic distortions such as taxes or government regulation c. it may not be possible or be desirable to measure and quantify certain environmental values d. all of the above

Environmental valuation … Select one: a. allows for ‘rational’ management of environmental problems b. helps manage the complexity of environmental issues c. can aid environmental protection d. can lead to the commodification of nature e. b and c f. c and d g a, b, c and d

The difference between ‘revealed preference’ and ‘stated preference’ valuation approaches is that ‘revealed preference’ methods focus on consumers’ actual spending habits whereas ‘stated preference’ just ascertains people’s hypothetical willingness to pay. Select one: a. True b. False

The value we place on an asset today, which might be exploited some time in the future, is called ... Select one: a. Existence value b. Bequest value c. Future cash value d. Option value e. Future market value

7. You are studying a cholera outbreak in one part of Mali. Some villages have been hit harder by the outbreak than others. Moreover, some villages have more homes with indoor flush toilets, which reduce people’s exposure to human waste that can spread cholera. With data from just four villages, can you show the relationship between cholera rates and flush toilets to be statistically significant?

village : 1, 2, 3, 4

percentage of homes with flush toilets : 15, 20, 5, 80

cases of cholera per 1000 residents: 9, 4, 12, 2

A. State appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. (6 points)

B. Caldwell’s table of critical values doesn’t go down to 2 df, so I’ll give it to you. The critical value at the .05 level of significance is |0.95|. But you tell me: is it positive or negative here? (4 points)

C. Make a scatterplot for these data. Pay attention to which variable is X and which is Y. (5 points)

D. Calculate the test statistic. Pay attention to which variable is X and which is Y. Keep things tidy and label steps clearly so that your grader can figure out what you’re doing. (10 points)

E. Give a proper English statement of your conclusion and what your conclusion means in terms of error(s) risked and hypotheses rejected or not. Make reference to the particulars of this problem (flush toilets, cholera rates). (10 points)

F. Calculate and interpret the coefficient of determination. (5 points)

1.

Given a market with one single supplier, would you say…

a.    It is a monopoly there is no competition in the market

b. It is an oligopoly, there is plenty of competition in the market

c.    It is a monopoly, competition depends on the possibility of entrance to the market

d. I hate monopolies, government should do something

2.

The Law of Demand is a derivation of

a.    price controls.

b.    assuming people are rational.

c.    markets in perfect competition.

d.    shortages and surpluses  

3. In “The Use of Knowledge in Society”, Friedrich Hayek emphasizes the use of this type of knowledge as being critically important to the functioning of an economy.

      a.   knowledge of particular circumstances of time and place

      b.   scientific knowledge

      c.   accurate forecasts of GDP growth

      d.   accurate forecasts of inflation

      e.   (c) and (d).

4.

Price controls are necessary because…

a.     businesses owners care about money only and not about people.

b.     they allow people with less resources to have access to those goods and services

c.     they are not necessary the market self-correct through a process of trial and error.

d.     they correct the market failures at a specific moment.

e.     economists are capable to know what the fair price for an exchange is.

5.

Because we live in a world of scarcity

a. every human being has a right to obtain things according to their needs

b. is important to plan the production and distribution of goods in the economy

c.    we need to create jobs by not allowing the importation of goods and labor to the country

d.    we need Economics, choices have a cost and we will always have tradeoffs

Last Sunday night at the local hospital was really busy, and the folks in the maternity ward got just a little bit flustered. Two pairs of twins were born that night within a few moments of each other, but somehow the staff forgot to put name tags on the babies, and now they don't know which babies belong to which parents. You need to help them out by analyzing the blood types of these four babies and the two couples who are anxiously waiting to take their new families home with them.

Here's what you know:

You know about the inheritance patterns of human ABO blood types

You know the blood types of the two sets of parents:

Mrs. Smith is blood type A, and her husband is blood type B.

Mrs. Abernathy is blood type O and her husband is blood type AB.

And you know the blood types of the four babies (all little girls, incidentally):

Baby #1 is blood type O

Baby #2 is blood type A

Baby #3 is blood type B

Baby #4 is blood type AB

What could be simpler? On the answer sheet, tell me which two babies you're going to send home with Mr. and Mrs. Smith, and which you are going to send with Mr. and Mrs. Abernathy. (Please identify the babies by their numbers, shown above.) Then explainexactly how you figured it out. Show work as needed for your explanation, including Punnett squares for each of these couples.

62.

Whether a virus could cause an infection in an organism would depend on

64.

Which of the following is/are FALSE regarding vaccines?

66.

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

69.

The most probable number test utilizes a liquid differential media.

True

False

74.

Which of the following statements is  TRUE of the normal microbiota?

75.

identification of bacteria in the laboratory usually begins with the _______ for placement in one of two large groups of bacteria.

81.

NAD⁺ is the oxidized form of the coenzyme.

True

False

(code in java please)

14.20 (Check Protection) Computers are frequently employed in check-writing systems, such as payroll and accounts payable applications. There are many strange stories about weekly paychecks being printed (by mistake) for amounts in excess of $1 million. Incorrect amounts are printed by computerized check-writing systems because of human error or machine failure. Systems designers build controls into their systems to prevent such erroneous checks from being issued.

Another serious problem is the intentional alteration of a check amount by someone who plans to cash a check fraudulently. To prevent a dollar amount from being altered, some computerized check-writing systems employ a technique called check protection. Checks designed for imprinting by computer contain a fixed number of spaces in which the computer may print an amount. Suppose a paycheck contains eight blank spaces in which the computer is supposed to print the amount of a weekly paycheck. If the amount is large, then all eight of the spaces will be filled. For example,

1,230.60 (check amount)
--------
12345678 (position numbers)

On the other hand, if the amount is less than $1000, then several of the spaces would ordinarily be left blank. For example,

   99.87
--------
12345678

contains three blank spaces. If a check is printed with blank spaces, it’s easier for someone to alter the amount. To prevent alteration, many check-writing systems insert leading asterisks to protect the amount as follows:

***99.87
--------
12345678

Write an application that inputs a dollar amount to be printed on a check, then prints the amount in check-protected format with leading asterisks if necessary. Assume that nine spaces are available for printing the amount.

Application Case Google Reacts

On the face of it, Google would seem to be the last company that one would expect to have an employee retention problem. Google usually shows up in “Best Employers to Work For” lists; it’s famous for full benefits, from dry cleaning to free Web-enabled transportation from San Francisco to great pensions; it offers great stock options; and, as a fast-growing company, it usually has many job applicants. So when its employee turnover began creeping up a few years ago, Google’s human resource team had to decide what to do. Part of the problem is that as attractive as Google is to work for, Silicon Valley is filled with attractive employers, from Apple to Facebook. One of Google’s first steps was to boost compensation. It gave all 23,000 Google employees a 10% raise, plus a $1,000 tax-free holiday bonus.125 But, still, Google management knew that pay was just part of the solution. It had to take other steps.

Questions

1. 10-16. Without doing any research beyond what you learned in this chapter, what other steps would you suggest Google take to improve employee retention?

2. 10-17. Was there any information in previous chapters of this book that would help to illustrate other steps Google took to improve retention?

3. 10-18. Use other Internet sources, including Google.com, to finalize an answer to the question: What other steps should Google take to improve employee retention?

Your comment to each question has to be more than five(5) sentences based on researched facts and logical analysis to earn the full credit.

Global outsourcing, is it good, bad or ugly?

In the recent years, we often heard about global outsourcing in US business.

Especially, when US economy was sluggish, one of major blames went for Global outsourcing, due to US job loss to overseas.

Q1) Global outsourcing, is it bad? because US manufacturing jobs went to China or India at the expense of US labors.

Q2)Global outsourcing, is it good? because US business can take an advantage of cheaper foreign labors to survive like an introduction of new technology such as robot or computer or can attract insourcing from overseas.

Q3) Global outsourcing, is it ugly? because US business can exploit the sweat shops from overseas.

Q4) Global outsourcing, is it inevitable like new technology? The robot with artificial intelligence could replace human labors in the future.

Q5) Give us your personal verdict over Global outsourcing. Also do you think which direction of trade policy is better for the economic welfare of US as well as the rest of the world; one US policy makers continue to move US toward more open and global economy by promoting trade, or one US policy makers move US toward more closed and isolated economy by protecting US industries?

6. Lungless salamanders live in moist habitats and can die if their skin dries out. Yet, some species cannotlive in water as adults and will drown if fully immersed. Why might this occur (consider the functional disadvantage of lungs in underwater) ? Why must their skin remain moist?

7. Define death in physiological terms. We know that when the human heart stops beating, it can be started again artificially. And, the subject lives. If the heart does not restart, the O2 supply is cut off, the brain "dies," but what does lack of O2 cause? Take your answer as far down (reductionistically) as you can.

8. You have designed a new drug (Provasoshut®) that acts as an agonist of alpha-adrenergic receptors. In most of the systems you have studied (e.g. capillary beds of the digestive system, liver, and adipose), Provasoshut® causes vasoconstriction that lasts for at least 15 minutes. However, when you tried the drug on the capillary beds of the contracting muscle of the frog leg prep in your physiology lab, the vasoconstriction lasted only 20 seconds! What is the best explanation for the short-lived action of Provasoshut® in this preparation?

9. A vampire bat survives on mammalian blood. Most cells in blood are erythrocytes filled mostly with water and hemoglobin. Most of plasma is water and its most abundant solute is albumin. Predict how the urine of a vampire bat would differ compared to an omnivorous mammal such as you.

a) Mercy Oppong, a level 300 Lower student at Wisconsin International University College, is thinking of the course she should graduate in. She is considering Marketing, Human Resource Management and Finance. She may earn a first class, second class or third class if she chooses anyone of these courses. Her annual salaries if she gets a job after the first degree and if she pursues further studies, are shown in Table 1.
      Table 1: Mercy Oppong’s annual salaries for first degree and after further studies

Graduation Prospects
Course   
Third Class
Second Class
First Class
Marketing
GHC 500
GHC1,500
Do nothing: GHC1,800
Pursue Masters: GHC2,300
HR
400
1,200
Do nothing : GHC2,400
Pursue Masters: GHC3,000 (at a cost of GHC700)
Finance
500
Do nothing:GHC1,500
Pursue Masters: GHC2,000 (at a cost of GHC400)
Do nothing: GHC1,500
Pursue Masters: GHC2,000 (at a cost of GHC400)
Pursue professional program: GHC2,800 (at a cost of GHC700)

NB: Miss Oppong has a 60% chance of getting a first class and a 30% chance of getting a second class.   
Required:

Draw a decision tree to represent the decision situation of Miss Oppong.

                                                                                                            
(ii) Evaluate each of the three alternatives

Advise Miss Oppong on the best course to select. (1 mark)

(b) Under the concept of just-in-time, waste is considered as any activity which does not add value to an operation.
     (i) Describe two (2) types of waste and explain how they can be eliminated or reduced