Choose the FALSE statement:

A) Your tailbone, little toe, and wisdom teeth are all examples of vestigial structures; despite their lack of importance today, these structures once served valuable functions in some of our evolutionary ancestors.

B) Given the length of time that a given species survives, we can conclude that only a small fraction of the total number of species that have arisen through evolution are represented among living organisms today.

C) The phylogenetic tree shown serves as an accurate representation of the pattern of evolution believed to have taken place during the Cambrian, as animal body plans evolved from simple to complex.

Choose the FALSE statement:

A) Darwin proposed that mate choice (sexual selection) was a form of natural selection, where those individuals with the best traits had the best chance of reproducing.

B) Among most species that engage in sexual selection, the males of the species are unremarkable in appearance and it is the females that display eye-catching features.

C) The interaction occurring in the image at right is an example of intrasexual selection.

Choose the FALSE statement:

A) The Kingdom Monera is the only kingdom containing organisms with prokaryotic structure.

B) Recent discoveries have led to a realization that prokaryotes are more diverse than previously imagined; accordingly, K. Monera is now subdivided into two Domains.

C) When comparing the two distinct types of prokaryotes, the Eubacteria and the Archaea, one can say that despite their differences, they are still much more alike than say a human is to a plant or a fungus.

Problem 05 Empirical Rule : Several years of final exam scores in statistics courses for a local university are normally distributed with a mean of 81 and a standard deviation of 8. If the lowest 2.5% of the scores on this test qualifies for a failing grade (F), use the empirical rule to calculate the score a student would need on this test to pass the final exam? show your work integer answer

Problem 08 Expected Value and Life Insurance Payouts : There is a 0.9985 probability that a randomly selected 60-year-old female lives through the year U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A Fidelity life insurance company charges $180 for insuring that the female will live through the year. If the female does not survive the year, the policy pays out $100,000 as a death benefit.

1. From the perspective of the 60-year-old female, what are the monetary values corresponding to the two events of surviving the year and not surviving?

2. If a 60-year-old female purchases the policy, what is her expected value?

3. Can the insurance company expect to make a profit from many such policies? Why?

Problem 11 Continuous Random Variables: Empirical Rule:  Scores on an examination are assumed to be normally distributed with mean 78 and variance 10. Suppose that students scoring in the top 10% of this distribution are to receive an A grade. If you are asked “What is the minimum score a student must achieve to earn an A grade?”, can you use the empirical rule to answer this question? Explain your answer.

Microscopic Companions In a 400-600 word answer, properly cited with an APA-formatted reference list and in-text citations, please answer the following questions. In addition to the researched facts you present as your answer, you may provide opinions and real-world experiences where appropriate. Although much of this course is focused on microorganisms that are considered pathogens and have the potential to cause disease in humans, there are numerous microbes that are on our side or at least list side-by-side with us without causing trouble. There are many bacteria and fungi on or in our bodies that are beneficial or are necessary for good health. Summarize the benefit (or need) for “good” microorganisms in and on the body. Choose a part of the body that is normally colonized by “good” microorganisms (e.g.- skin, intestines, vagina, other). List examples of normal microbes and their relationship with the human body. What factors or specific pathogens could threaten this microbial population and how can a person prevent this? What specifically happens when the normal microbial population in this area is disrupted? Provide examples to illustrate your points. How can a patient restore this population to a normal state? Probiotics and Prebiotics: Frequently Asked Questions http://www.fammed.wisc.edu/files/webfm-uploads/documents/outreach/im/handout_probiotics_patient.pdf Probiotics for healthy skin http://dermatologytimes.modernmedicine.com/dermatology-times/news/probiotics-healthy-skin?page=full Fecal Transplantation for the Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3365524/pdf/GH-08-191.pdf

1) A biotech firm’s legal department costs are significant, employing 80 lawyers. The firm’s main business focus is developing new drugs for human consumption. Upon developing a new product patents are required. Contracts must be created for each product between three customer divisions: private hospitals (60% of sales), public hospitals (30% of sales) and direct to doctors (10% of sales) to ensure proper recognition of revenues from each product. Also, the firm must be prepared to represent litigate future legal cases should a drug therapy have a lawsuit brought against it for harm to patients.

Each lawyer earns $100,000 per year in total compensation.

40 lawyers work in the patent division. 30 work in the contract design division with 12 each supporting the two hospital divisions and 6 support the doctor direct sales. 10 work in the litigation department supporting equally all divisions.

Additional legal costs to be accounted for:

Patent costs: $1,000,000 per new drug plus labor above allocated based on sales.

Costs to design contracts: $10,000 per private (300) & public hospital (100).

$1,000 per doctor (2000) using new drugs.

Costs to litigate cases: Labor above plus $3,000,000 annually

(based on 2400 customers noted in design above)

Based on above information allocate labor, development, design and litigation costs to the private, public and doctor divisions. Note total legal costs are $18,000,000.

Q.1: Suffixes & Prefixes (15 x 0.3 = 4.5 marks)

Q.2: The body cavities (5.5 marks)

• Body cavities are the spaces within the body that contain internal organs (viscera).

• Combining Forms (ROOT), Suffixes, & Prefixes (2.5 marks)

Q.3: Vocabulary (15 x 0.5 = 7.5 marks)

*Nephron:

*Renin:

*Erythropoietin (EPO):

*Dialysis:

*Amnion:

*Corpus luteum:

*Estrogen:

*Fertilization:

*Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH):

*Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG):

*Testosterone:

*Semen:

*(Cowper glands):

*Epididymides:

*The prostate

From Dunkin Donuts to Just Dunkin! The famous American Donut’s brand is rebranding and closing stores across the world including Oman as its outlets have shut down for good. The demand for donuts in America is decreasing as customers preferring more healthy food with less sugar and fat.

The company’s brand CEO Mr. David Hoffmann said, “the rebranding comes as an effort to reshape the company’s strategic goals and focusing on drinks more than donuts.” While analyzing the company’s different products, the managers

noticed that 60% of its revenue is coming from drinks like coffee while demand for donuts is declining.

The company redesigned its brand, and its stores making them look simpler. The company is also introducing new coffee experiences like nitro, cold brew, black...etc. The company will also introduce digital menu and drive through to fit the customers on the go lifestyle. The company will also reduce its employees as the new digital menus will eliminate the need of human employees, reducing the company’s costs.

1. On the product life cycle, where the donuts fall? What are the best strategies the company can use in this case?
2. Explain, how the demographic environment is affecting the company?
3. Develop Integrated Marketing Communication for the new brand “Dunkin” (5Marks)
4. Do you agree or disagree with the company’s rebranding strategy? Support your opinion based on your knowledge of the factors influencing the buyer behavior.
5. Discuss the role technology plays in Dunkin donuts new strategy.

1. You work for a company that produces and manufactures products made with Gore-tex, a particular type of fabric that is both waterproof, breathable and keeps people warm. Your company has a wide range of products from outdoor jackets and clothing, to special blankets and specialized clothing worn by firefighters and rescue operators. Your company does $1.4 billion dollars worth of business a year. This year your Board of Directors has suggested moving into the Asian market; Japan, China, South Korea, or Taiwan. Some of the directors are in favour of the move, citing that this market is set to grow, especially China. Others are more cautious and point to China’s governmental problems, human rights violations and the issue of SARS.

They have asked your department to prepare a country profile to help them make their decision. They know they will move into one of these markets, they are just not sure which one. They would like your department to do a comparison study.

You must compare two countries—Japan/China, or Taiwan/South Korea. The Board of Directors want a profile comparison to determine which of the countries would be best to move into the Asian market. They wish to know the following:

1. What are the government regulations regarding establishing a foreign business?

2. What would living conditions be like for Canadian executives and mangers and their families if they had to live in these countries for extended periods?

3. What would the average wages and conditions be for possible employees?

4. Are there any possible political concerns?

5. Are there any social or cultural concerns?

1.Consider the bank reconciliation: A format bank reconciliation is an internal control activity to safeguard cash. How often should a bank reconciliation be performed?

a.Twice a day

b. Once a year, only if the tax accountant requests it be done

c.One a month when the bank statement is received

2. Control activities include:

a. Physical controls and document procedures

b. Segregation of duties and establishment of responsibilities

c.Independent internal verification and human resource controls

d.All three answer choices combined define control activities

3. Both accounts receivable and notes receivable are always created when a sale is made to a customer and both types of receivables automatically charge interest, as part of the transaction. True/ False

4. Which of the following accounts is not considered a current liability?

a.Treasury Stock

b. Salary Payable

c.Sales Tax Payable

d. Interest Payable

5.Depreciation is a process of _____ as it relates to expensing the original cost of the fixed asset over time.

a. fair market value declines

b. Cost allocation

c. Cost accumulation

d. Asset devaluation

6. Happy Inc. uses the double declining methods of depreciation and calculates that the year 1 depreciation to be recorded is $85,000 on a newly purchased piece of equipment.

What journal entry below would correctly record this $85,000 of depreciation expense?

a. Dr. Accumulated Depreciation Cr. Equipment

b. Dr. Depreciation Expense Cr. Equipment

c. Dr. Accumulated Depreciation Cr. Depreciation Expense

d. Dr. Depreciation Expense Cr. Accumulated Depreciation

***Must provide explanation for each question and graph if applicable!!!!

2. Some firms offer workers much more job security than other firms do. Assuming the jobs are otherwise similar, we would expect to see
   1. increased wages to workers in firms with more job security.
   2. decreased wages to workers in firms with more job security.
   3. no relationship between wages and job security.
   4. the direction of the relationship is ambiguous.
3. The average difference in earnings between college and HS graduates in their 30s
   1. is increased by average differences in innate ability.
   2. is decreased by differences in human capital accumulated after leaving school.
   3. would be higher if job benefits were considered.
   4. none of the above.
   5. two or more of the above are correct. (Specify which)
4. How are unemployment rates in the United States related to education?
   1. Unemployment rates are unrelated to education.
   2. Higher levels of education are associated with higher rates of unemployment.
   3. Higher levels of education are associated with lower rates of unemployment.
   4. Unemployment rates are highest for high school dropouts but are unrelated to education for anyone who has a high school degree.
   5. Unemployment rates for high school dropouts and high school graduates are roughly equal and are less than the overall unemployment rate of college graduates.
5. Which of the following is NOT a plausible result of an increase in the generosity of benefit payments received under workers’ compensation laws?
   1. The proportion of fraudulent to legitimate claims will increase.
   2. Employers will attempt to entice their workers back to work earlier.
   3. Employers will employ more lax workplace safety standards.
   4. Workers will be more likely to ignore safety standards.
   5. Employers will hire fewer workers.