(a) What do we mean by a “postponement strategy”? Why can it be an effective strategy for a firm engaging mass customization? (b) Since the 2008 global financial crisis, the B/L (“bill of lading”) of container shipments from Asian factories to the United States (US) has increasingly specified US gateway ports, rather than the local RDCs (regional distribution centers) of final markets, as the stopping points (as opposed to through points). What are the main reasons behind this development, and why? (c) Following part (b), should the phenomenon happen more often for high-value products or for low-value products? Explain your answer.

To test the relationship between gender and ratings of a promiscuous partner, a group of men and women was given a vignette describing a person of the opposite sex who was in a dating relationship with one, two, or three partners. Participants rated how positively they felt about the individual described in the vignette, with higher ratings indicating more positive feelings.

(a) Complete the F-table and make a decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis for each hypothesis test. (Assume experimentwise alpha equal to 0.05.)

To test the relationship between gender and ratings of a promiscuous partner, a group of men and women was given a vignette describing a person of the opposite sex who was in a dating relationship with one, two, or three partners. Participants rated how positively they felt about the individual described in the vignette, with higher ratings indicating more positive feelings.

(a) Complete the F-table and make a decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis for each hypothesis test. (Assume experimentwise alpha equal to 0.05.)

. A sample of 500 respondents was selected in a large metropolitan area to study consumer behavior, with the following results shown through the contingency table:

Consider a diagnostic test for a hypothetical disease based on measuring the amount of a

certain biomarker present in blood. High levels of the biomarker are often found in individuals

with the disease, but a number of non-disease conditions can also cause high levels

of the biomarker. Individuals without the disease have biomarker levels that are normally

distributed with mean 1.6 ng/mL (nanograms per milliliter of blood), and standard deviation

0.50 ng/mL. Individuals with the disease have biomarker levels that are normally

distributed with mean 5 ng/mL and standard deviation 1.2 ng/mL. Values of 2.5 ng/mL

and higher constitute a positive test result. In a population where 6% of individuals are thought to have the hypothetical disease,

calculate the probability that an individual who tests positive has the disease.

Consider an individual making choices over two goods, x and y with prices px = 3 and py = 4, and who has the income I = 120 and her preferences can be represented by the utility function U(x,y) = (x^2)(y^2). Suppose the government imposes a sales tax of $1 per unit on good x:

(a) Calculate the substitution effect and Income effect (on good x) after the price change. Also Illustrate on a graph.

(b) Find the government tax revenues (T), the equivalent lump sum tax (L), and the dead weight loss (DWL). (Hint: Expenditure minimization at the final level of utility.)

(c) Is good x a normal good? Does law of demand hold for good x? Are good x and good y substitutes or complements?

The United States’ health-related views and laws are shaped by social, political, and historical factors that are often part of the larger debate over individual rights versus the collective good. Based on this idea please discuss your thoughts on the 3 following public health topics.

• Should childhood immunizations be mandatory or optional?

• Should higher insurance rates or taxes be used to punish poor health choices (e.g., cigarettes, “junk” food)? Would this be unfair to individuals, or is this fair since all Americans pay a portion of the healthcare costs to care for people who make these choices?

• Should, in light of the current Covid-19 situation, should we be required to social distance, wear masks when we are in public, and be on lockdown when community numbers are higher?

Seniors want to use technology to stay​ connected, read magazines and​ emails, share photos and​ ideas, listen to​ music, find recipes and discount coupons and much more. The Ontario Society of Senior Citizens Organizations​ (OSSCO) offers a variety of computer training​ opportunities, including using​ self-help instructions on iPad technology. Consulting with 20 seniors helped OSSCO develop these​ self-help instructions for both individual users and trainers who work with seniors. The ages of the seniors are listed below.

What is the median of the​ observations?

77 74 72 82

92 80 67 95

71 94 75 98

82 68 87 69

74 87 76 79

A. 82.5

B. 78

C. 80.5

D. 74

(10pts) A particular test is used to determine if an individual has a certain virus. Amongt the population being tested, 2% has the virus and 98% does not have the virus. The test will arrive at three possible outcomes: Positive, negative, or inconclusive. The following table of values summarizes the various probabilities of the test outcomes for those with the virus and for those without the virus. outcome of test has the virus does not have the virus Positive test 0.96 0.01 Negative test 0.02 0.94 Inconclusive test 0.02 0.05 For example, amongst those individuals who have the virus, the test will yield a negative result with probability 0.02. With this information, compute the following probabilities. a. Prob(has the virus|the test is inconclusive); b. Prob(does not has the virus|the test is inconclusive); c. Prob(the test is inconclusive).

A combinatorial auction allows participants to make bids on items in either individual or grouped quantities. Suppose an auctioneer has 4 items. There are 6 bidders who bid the following:

Bidder 1: $6 for item 1

Bidder 2: $3 for item 2

Bidder 3: $12 total for items 3 and 4

Bidder 4: $12 total for items 1 and 3

Bidder 5: $8 total for items 2 and 4

Bidder 6: $16 total for items 1, 2, and 4

Each item can only go to at most one participant. If a bidder won the bid on multiple items, they must receive all of them.

formula a linear Integer Program that helps the auctioneer maximize revenue. Clearly define all decision variables and constraints.