Q3. 5 kg of water at T = 20° C and P = 7 bar is isobarically heated such that ΔU = 5000 kJ. (i) Find the initial and final volumes (in m3 ). (ii) Find Q and W (in kJ). (iii) Show the initial and final states on p-υ and T-υ diagrams (not to scale), denoting by arrows the direction of the process. Label the ‘f’ (saturated liquid) and ‘g’ (saturated vapor) points. Also, indicate the values of υf and υg on the x-axis of both the p-υ and T-υ diagrams.

Q4. Water inside a closed, rigid tank is cooled from its critical point to a final pressure of 10 MPa. (i) Sketch the process on p-υ and T-υ diagrams. Label the saturated liquid and saturated vapor states. (ii) Find the quality of the water after cooling. (iii) Calculate the heat transfer in kJ/kg.

Q5. Water of mass 1 kg contained in a piston-cylinder configuration is initially in a saturated liquid state (state A) at 10 bar. The water undergoes the following thermodynamic cycle: AB -> The water is heated isobarically until the water is in a saturated vapor state. BC -> The system is then cooled isochorically until the pressure is 1 bar. CD -> The system is further cooled isobarically until υD= υA. DA -> The system is finally heated isochorically back to state A. (i) Sketch this cycle on p-υ and T-υ diagrams (not to scale), using arrows to indicate the direction of each process. (ii) For each of the four states A to D, write down p, T and υ. (iii) For each of the four processes, evaluate the work and heat transfer (in kJ). (iv) What is the thermal efficiency of this power cycle?

Q6 (Bonus). Water of mass 2 kg in a closed, rigid tank is initially in the form of a twophase liquid-vapor mixture. The initial temperature is 50° C. The mixture is heated until the tank contains only saturated vapor at 110° C. (i) Find the initial pressure, in kPa. (ii) Find the work for the process, in kJ. (ii) Find the heat transfer for the process, in kJ.

The following transactions were completed by Winklevoss Inc., whose fiscal year is the calendar year:

Required:

The following transactions were completed by Winklevoss Inc., whose fiscal year is the calendar year:

Required:

The following transactions were completed by Winklevoss Inc., whose fiscal year is the calendar year:

1. Journalize the entries to record the foregoing transactions. If an amount box does not require an entry, leave it blank or enter "0". When required, round your answers to the nearest dollar.

2. Indicate the amount of the interest expense in (a) Year 1 and (b) Year 2.

a. Year 1   $

b. Year 2   $

3. Determine the carrying amount of the bonds as of December 31, Year 2.
$

Does bread lose its vitamins when stored? Small loaves of bread were prepared with flour that was fortified with fixed amounts of vitamins A (beta-carotene) and E. After baking, the vitamin A and vitamin E contents of two loaves were measured. Another four loaves were baked at the same time. Two of them were stored for three days, and two of them for seven days, before taking measurements. The measurements of the amounts of vitamins A and E in each loaf are given below (in milligrams of vitamin per hundred grams of flour). We assume that they come from normal distributions having the same standard deviations.

Condition Vitamin A Vitamin E

Immediately after baking 3.36 3.34 94.6 96.0

Three days after baking 3.26 3.16 97.4 94.3

Seven days after baking 3.01 2.92 92.3 95.1

Conduct one-way ANOVA, at  = 0.05 using SPSS with Takey’s option, for the vitamin E data [Note: the test is about vitamin E]. Follow the six steps of the P-value method adopted for SPSS. Then include additional conclusions based on Tukey’s test.

1. Suppose you invest $100,000 in a C corporation for 10 years. You expect the corporation to earn 8% pa before any corporate taxes and any investor level taxes.  The firm does not plan to pay any dividends over the 10 year period. You currently face a 40% tax rate on ordinary income, and 20% tax rate on capital gains.  The corporation faces a tax rate of 35%.  The tax rates are not expected to change.

What is your after-tax dollar accumulation at the end of the 10 year holding period?

What is your annualized after tax rate of return?

2. Instead of investing your $100,000 in the C corporation, you invest it in an S corporation.

What is your after-tax dollar accumulation at the end of the 10 year holding period?

What is your annualized after tax rate of return?

3. Does your answer in 2. differ if the S corporation pays all of its earnings out in dividends?  Please make explicit any assumptions as to what you as the investor does with the dividends (do you spend or do you reinvest).

Suppose there are two countries – Home and Foreign – that produce only coffee and sugar. It takes home workers three hours to produce a bag of coffee; and four hours to produce a bag of sugar. Foreign country is less productive – their workers spend seven hours to make a bag of coffee and a half of a day (twelve hours!) to eventually produce a bag of sugar.

1. Which country has an absolute advantage in coffee? Sugar? Explain intuition in 1-2 brief sentences

2. Which country has a comparative advantage in coffee? Sugar? Explain intuition in 1-2 brief sentences

3. Suppose Foreign country made a technical innovation which improved productivity there by one-third. In other words, foreign workers now spend one-third less time producing a bag of sugar than previously. How does your answer for part b) change?

4. Inspired by sugar producers, Foreign country created packaging technology that allowed them to decrease time to produce a bag of coffee by an hour. How does you answer to part b) change after both improvements?

5. The flow of history was exceptionally unsuccessful for Home country – it was colonized, and home worker morale decreased. As a result, Home country lost most of the mechanical innovations and their productivity become three times slower (i.e. both production times were tripled). Likewise, Foreign country kept all improvements discussed in the previous parts. How do your answers for both parts a) and b) change?