• 10.7 When people make estimates, they are influenced by anchors to their estimates. A study was conducted in which students were asked to estimate the number of calories in a cheeseburger. One group was asked to do this after thinking about a calorie-laden cheesecake. A second group was asked to do this after thinking about an organic fruit salad. The mean number of calories estimated in a cheeseburger was 780 for the group that thought about the cheesecake and 1,041 for the group that thought about the organic fruit salad. (Data extracted from “Drilling Down, Sizing Up a Cheeseburger's Caloric Heft,” The New York Times, October 4, 2010, p. B2.) Suppose that the study was based on a sample of 20 people who thought about the cheesecake first and 20 people who thought about the organic fruit salad first, and the standard deviation of the number of calories in the cheeseburger was 128 for the people who thought about the cheesecake first and 140 for the people who thought about the organic fruit salad first.

• a. State the null and alternative hypotheses if you want to determine whether the mean estimated number of calories in the cheeseburger is lower for the people who thought about the cheesecake first than for the people who thought about the organic fruit salad first.

• b. In the context of this study, what is the meaning of the Type I error?

• c. In the context of this study, what is the meaning of the Type II error?

• d. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence that the mean estimated number of calories in the cheeseburger is lower for the people who thought about the cheesecake first than for the people who thought about the organic fruit salad first?

SHOW EXCEL FUNCTIONS USED TO ANSWER.

The Harding Company manufactures skates. The company’s income statement for 20X1 is as follows: HARDING COMPANY Income Statement For the Year Ended December 31, 20X1 Sales (11,100 skates @ $72 each) $ 799,200 Variable costs (11,100 skates at $31) 344,100 Fixed costs 260,000 Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $ 195,100 Interest expense 65,500 Earnings before taxes (EBT) $ 129,600 Income tax expense (30%) 38,880 Earnings after taxes (EAT) $ 90,720

a. Compute the degree of operating leverage. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

b. Compute the degree of financial leverage. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

c. Compute the degree of combined leverage. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

d. Compute the break-even point in units (number of skates). (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.)

In international trade, problems involving bad debts are more easily avoided than rectified after they occur. Credit checks and the other methods that have been discussed in this chapter can limit the risks. Nonetheless, just as in a company’s domestic business, exporters occasionally encounter problems with buyers who default on their payment. When these problems occur in international trade, obtaining payment can be both difficult and expensive. Even when the exporter has insurance to cover commercial credit risks, a default by a buyer still requires the time, effort, and cost of the exporter to collect a payment. The exporter must exercise normal business prudence in exporting and exhaust all reasonable means of obtaining payment before an insurance claim is honored. Even then, there is often a significant delay before the insurance payment is made.

Discuss different options of obtaining payment

Two cars start from rest at a red stop light. When the light turns green, both cars accelerate forward. The blue car accelerates uniformly at a rate of 4.7 m/s2 for 3.8 seconds. It then continues at a constant speed for 8.5 seconds, before applying the brakes such that the car’s speed decreases uniformly coming to rest 206.78 meters from where it started. The yellow car accelerates uniformly for the entire distance, finally catching the blue car just as the blue car comes to a stop. 1) How fast is the blue car going 2.7 seconds after it starts? 3) How far does the blue car travel before its brakes are applied to slow down? What is the acceleration of the blue car once the brakes are applied? 5) What is the total time the blue car is moving? What is the acceleration of the yellow car?

Can someone please USE SPSS and show me their analysis?

A behavior analyst would like to evaluate the effectiveness of a new technique for controlling classroom outbursts of unruly children. For a sample of n=4 children the number of outbursts is recorded 1 day before treatment and again 1 week, 1 month and 6 months after treatment. The data are as follows:

Child --Before-- 1 week --1 month-- 6 months

A --8 --2-- 1-- 1

B-- 4 --1 --1 --0

C--6-- 2-- 0-- 2

D-- 8-- 3 --4 --1

Use a repeated measures ANOVA with alpha = .05 to determine whether there are significant changes in behavior over time (write all the steps involved in testing the hypothesis). Use SPSS to solve this problem. Please make sure to show all the steps of hypothesis testing.

A parallel-plate capacitor has plates of area 0.15 m² and a separation of 1.00 cm. A battery charges the plates to a potential difference of 100 V and is then disconnected. A dielectric slab of thickness 4 mm and dielectric constant 4.8 is then placed symmetrically between the plates.

(a) What is the capacitance before the slab is inserted?
pF

(b) What is the capacitance with the slab in place?
pF

(c) What is the free charge q before the slab is inserted?
C

(d) What is the free charge q after the slab is inserted?
C

(e) What is the magnitude of the electric field in the space between the plates and dielectric?
V/m

(f) What is the magnitude of the electric field in the dielectric itself?
V/m

(g) With the slab in place, what is the potential difference across the plates?
V

(h) How much external work is involved in the process of inserting the slab?
J

Suppose that you were to convert benzophenone (the starting material) into benzhydrol (the product) by reaction with NaBH4 or some comparable reducing agent. Note that no reaction occurs before the NaBH4 is added. Also note that NaBH4 does not appear on your TLC plate. On the templates provided below, sketch the TLC plates you would obtain for: a) the reaction mixture before adding the sodium borohydride; b) a sample taken from the reaction mixture when the reaction is about half complete c) a sample taken from the reaction vessel after the reaction is complete On each plate, show two lanes: the left lane will show, for reference, a mixture of the starting material (benzophenone) and the product (benzhydrol). The reference mixture does not contain NaBH4 and there is no reaction occurring in the reference. The right lane should show the contents of your reaction vessel. Your Rf values should approximate those you found.

Speedy Pty Ltd operates a suburban delivery business. It is considering the replacement of a 2-ton van with a 3-ton van. Details of the respective vehicles are as follows:

2-ton truck

Remaining life3 years

Salvage Value now$4,000

Salvage Value in 3 years$0

Written down value now$6,600

Annual Depreciation for tax purposes$2,200

Annual net cash flows before tax$12,000

3-ton truck

Estimated life4 years

Salvage Value in 4 years$2,000

Annual Depreciation for tax purposes$6,000

Cost$24,000

Annual net cash flows before tax$20,000

The after-tax cost of capital 10%pa and the tax rate is 30%. Management is considering the following alternatives: Replace now or Replace in three years. Which alternative should be accepted? Explain your decision.

1. The parties who are bound by a company's articles are: the company who is bound to the members, the members who are bound to the company and the members who are bound to the other members in their capacity as members.

True

False

2.

Amy is the promoter of Enrich Ltd. Before the company is incorporated, she enters into a contract purportedly on behalf of Enrich Ltd with Comicon PLC. After the certificate of incorporation is issued, the contract is breached. Who is liable?

Amy

Comicon PLC

Enrich Ltd

3.

A company can confirm a pre-incorporation contract by performing it or obtaining benefits from it

True

False

4.

An accountant or solicitor acting in their professional capacity during the registration of a company may be deemed a promoter.

True

False

5.

A pre-incorporation contract is a contract made in a company's name before it is formed. Companies are bound by such contracts as they do not exist when the contracts are made

True

False

Sometimes compensation packages include bonuses designed to provide performance incentives to employees. The difficulty a bonus can cause accountants is not an accounting problem, but a math problem. The complication is that the bonus formula sometimes specifies that the calculation of the bonus is based in part on the bonus itself. This occurs anytime the bonus is a percentage of income because expenses are components of income, and the bonus is an expense.
  
Regalia Fashions has an incentive compensation plan through which a division manager receives a bonus equal to 10% of the division’s net income. Division income in 2021 before the bonus and income tax was $150,000. The tax rate is 30%.
   
Required:
2. Calculate the amount of the bonus.
3. Prepare the adjusting entry to record the bonus compensation.
4. Bonus arrangements take many forms. Suppose the bonus specifies that the bonus is 10% of the division’s income before tax, but after the bonus itself. Calculate the amount of the bonus.