F. Pierce Products Inc. is considering changing its capital structure. F. Pierce currently has no debt and no preferred stock, but it would like to add some debt to take advantage of low interest rates and the tax shield. Its investment banker has indicated that the pre-tax cost of debt under various possible capital structures would be as follows:

Market Debt- to-Value Ratio (wd) (0, .2, .4, .6, .8) Market Equity-to-Value Ratio (ws) ( 1.0, .8, .6, .4, .2) Market Debt- to-Equity Ratio (D/S) ( 0, .25, .67, 1.50, 4.00) Before-Tax Cost of Debt (rd) (6%, 7, 8, 9, 10)

Use the exact value of 2/3 in your calculations. F. Pierce uses the CAPM to estimate its cost of common equity, rs and at the time of the analaysis the risk-free rate is 7%, the market risk premium is 6%, and the company's tax rate is 30%. F. Pierce estimates that its beta now (which is "unlevered" because it currently has no debt) is 1.05. Based on this information, what is the firm's optimal capital structure, and what would be the weighted average cost of capital at the optimal capital structure? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.

Debt: %

Equity: %

WACC: %

Wilson holds a portfolio that invests equally in three stocks (wAwA = wBwB = wCwC = 1/3). Each stock is described in the following table:

An analyst has used market- and firm-specific information to generate expected return estimates for each stock. The analyst’s expected return estimates may or may not equal the stocks’ required returns. You’ve also determined that the risk-free rate [rRFrRF] is 4%, and the market risk premium [RPMRPM] is 5%.

Given this information, use the following graph of the security market line (SML) to plot each stock’s beta and expected return on the graph.

Tool tip: Mouse over the points in the graph to see their coordinates.

Stock AStock BStock C00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.020181614121086420RATE OF RETURN (Percent)RISK (Beta)

A stock is in equilibrium if its required return equals its expected return. In general, assume that markets and stocks are in equilibrium (or fairly valued), but sometimes investors have different opinions about a stock’s prospects and may think that a stock is out of equilibrium (either undervalued or overvalued). Use the analyst’s expected return estimates to determine if this analyst thinks that each stock in Wilson’s portfolio is undervalued, overvalued, or fairly valued.

2.) You believe that a stock currently selling for$50 a share should sell for $60.00 a share. An at-the-money call option (the exercise price equals the market price) sells for $3 per share and an at the money Put option sells for $2.50 per share. In which option should you invest. Now say that he actual price ended up being $54.00. Was there a better choice? Did you make the right choice?

3.) What is the money market all about? You purchased a 91 day United States T-bill on February 1st for $99,000 and sold it on April 1st for $99,500. What was your annualized return?

4.) A 20 year United States Treasury bond has a market rate of interest of 4 percent and a coupon rate of 4 percent. What is its price? A 20 year AAA corporate bond has a market rate of interest of 6 percent and coupon rate of 6 percent. What is its price? Which bond is more risky? Now say that both the market rate of the Treasury security and the corporate bond rise by 1 percent, what is the new price of each bond. Comment.

5.) The United States economy grew by 2.3 percent in 2019 and the European economy grew by 1.0 percent. Based on this data, what happened to the value of the dollar compared to the Euro. Explain   

Treynor Pie Company is a food company specializing in high-calorie snack foods. It is seeking to diversify its food business and lower its risks. It is examining three companies—a gourmet restaurant chain, a baby food company, and a nutritional products firm. Each of these companies can be bought at the same multiple of earnings. The following represents information about all the companies. Company Correlation with Treynor Pie Company Sales ($ millions) Expected Earnings ($ millions) Standard Deviation in Earnings ($ millions) Treynor PieCompany + 1.0 $ 158 $ 8 $ 2.0 Gourmet restaurant + .5 66 6 1.2 Baby food company + .4 56 4 1.9 Nutritionalproducts company − .6 79 5 3.5 a-1. Compute the coefficient of variation for each of the four companies. (Enter your answers in millions (e.g., $100,000 should be entered as ".10"). Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) a-2. Which company is the least risky? Treynor Pie Company Baby food company Nutritional products company Gourmet restaurant a-3. Which company is the most risky? Gourmet restaurant Treynor Pie Company Baby food company Nutritional products company b. Which of the acquisition candidates is most likely to reduce Treynor Pie Company's risk? Gourmet restaurant Nutritional products company Baby food company

1. Determine the current in the circuit by calculating the current in the resistor. Note: We will use I (and V_R since it has the same phase) for reference throughout our analysis (V_R/R = I).

2. Determine the capacitance of the circuit from its reactance, the current calculated above, and the frequency of the source (V_C/I = X_C).

3. Determine the inductance of the circuit from three different voltage measurements, the current calculated in step 1, and the frequency of the source, following the instructions below carefully (this can be complicated).

1. Determine the phase of V_LR with respect to V_R using the law of cosines (V_Lr²= V_LR² + V_R² – 2V_LRV_R cos(α)).

2. Determine the fraction of V_LR due to V_L alone (V_L = V_LRsin(α)).

3. Determine the inductance of the circuit from its reactance using the current determined in step 1 and the V_L determined above (V_L/I =X_L).

4. Determine the loss in the inductor and write it as a resistance using the current found in step 1

            (V_r = V_LRcos(α) – V_R and r = V_r/I).

4. Determine the phase between the source voltage and the current (φ = tan^-1 [(V_L – V_C)/(V_R+V_r)]).

5. Calculate the resonant frequency of the circuit from the values you determined for L and C

A wastewater containing 150 mg/l chlorobenzene is treated in a laboratory adsorption unit using a PVC column, 1.0 inch internal diameter, to an effluent concentration of 15 mg/l . Service times, and throughput volumes at specified depths and flowrates associated with a breakthrough concentration of 15.0 mg/l are given in table 1.

table1 : result of adsorption column experiment

Loading rate,gpm/ft²   Bed depth,ft Throughput volume, gal Time, hr

1) is the attainable effluent concentration satisfactory from a regulatory standpoint?

2) determine the Bohart-Adams constant ( K,N₀ and x₀) for each hydraulic loading.

3)base on data derived above design an adsorption column 2.0 ft internal diameter to treat a wastewater flow 5,000 gal/d containing 150 mg/l of CB. The attainable effluent concentration is 15 mg/l and it is desired to operate the column for 90 days(8 hourslday,7 days/week) before reching exhaustion.

4)calculate the yearly carbon requirements in cubic feet.

​(Related to Checkpoint​ 15.2)  ​(EBIT-EPS analysis)  Abe Forrester and three of his friends from college have interested a group of venture capitalists in backing their business idea. The proposed operation would consist of a series of retail outlets to distribute and service a full line of vacuum cleaners and accessories. These stores would be located in Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. To finance the new venture two plans have been​ proposed:

Plan A is an​ all-common-equity structure in which ​$2.2 million dollars would be raised by selling 84,000 shares of common stock.

Plan B would involve issuing ​$1.2 million in​ long-term bonds with an effective interest rate of 11.8 percent plus another $ 1.0 million would be raised by selling 42,000 shares of common stock. The debt funds raised under Plan B have no fixed maturity​ date, in that this amount of financial leverage is considered a permanent part of the​ firm's capital structure.

Abe and his partners plan to use a 40 percent tax rate in their​ analysis, and they have hired you on a consulting basis to do the​ following:

a.  Find the EBIT indifference level associated with the two financing plans.

b.  Prepare a pro forma income statement for the EBIT level solved for in part a that shows that EPS will be the same regardless whether Plan A or B is chosen.

WACC and Optimal Capital Structure

F. Pierce Products Inc. is considering changing its capital structure. F. Pierce currently has no debt and no preferred stock, but it would like to add some debt to take advantage of low interest rates and the tax shield. Its investment banker has indicated that the pre-tax cost of debt under various possible capital structures would be as follows:

F. Pierce uses the CAPM to estimate its cost of common equity, r_s and at the time of the analaysis the risk-free rate is 7%, the market risk premium is 8%, and the company's tax rate is 40%. F. Pierce estimates that its beta now (which is "unlevered" because it currently has no debt) is 0.9. Based on this information, what is the firm's optimal capital structure, and what would be the weighted average cost of capital at the optimal capital structure? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.

The attached numberpairs.csv file contains lines of comma-separated number pairs, e.g.

2.0,1
5.5,2
10,0
5.1,9.6

• Write a program which reads the file using the Python CSV module, creates a list from the contents, then divides the first number in each line by the second.
• Define a function in your program that performs the division operations; the function must accept two numeric parameters, divide the first parameter by the second, and return the result. Before dividing, your function must validate the second parameter; if it is zero, raise a ZeroDivisionError exception which includes the string "denominator is zero!" as a parameter instead of processing the division operation. Do not display any output in your function.
• Define a second function which reads the CSV file and returns the list of number pairs.
• Your main function must call the file reader function, then process the list by calling your divide function repeatedly and displaying the results (include the contents of the raised exception object, if applicable).

Expected Output:

2.0 divided by 1.0 is 2.0
5.5 divided by 2.0 is 2.75
10.0 divided by 0.0 error: denominator is zero!
5.1 divided by 9.6 is 0.53125

What is the file name I should save this under for the CSV file to run properly I keep getting an error when trying to run the code?