The owner of a small company asked a CPA to conduct an audit of the company's records. The owner of the company told the CPA that the audit was to be completed in time to submit audited financial statements to a bank as part of a loan application. The CPA immediately accepted the engagement and agreed to provide an auditor's report within three weeks. The owner agreed to pay the CPA a fixed fee plus a bonus if the load was granted.

The CPA hired two accounting students to conduct the audit and spent several hours telling them exactly what to do. The CPA told the students not to spend time reviewing the internal controls but instead to concentrate on proving the mathematical accuracy of the ledger accounts and summarizing the data in the accounting records that supported the company's financial statements. The students followed the CPA's instructions and after two weeks gave the CPA the financial statements which did not include any footnotes. The CPA reviewed the statements and prepared an unmodified auditor's report. The report did not refer to GAAP or to the consistent application of GAAP.

Briefly describe at least three principles underlying AICPA auditing standards and indicate how the actions of the CPA resulted in a failure to comply with each principle.

In a study of government financial aid for college​ students, it becomes necessary to estimate the percentage of​ full-time college students who earn a​ bachelor's degree in four years or less. Find the sample size needed to estimate that percentage. Use a 0.03 margin of error and use a confidence level of 99​%.

Complete parts​ (a) through​ (c) below.

a. Assume that nothing is known about the percentage to be estimated.

n = ?

​(Round up to the nearest​ integer.)

b. Assume prior studies have shown that about 60% of​ full-time students earn​ bachelor's degrees in four years or less.

n =?

​(Round up to the nearest​ integer.)

c. Does the added knowledge in part​ (b) have much of an effect on the sample​ size?

A.

​Yes, using the additional survey information from part​ (b) dramatically reduces the sample size.

B.

​Yes, using the additional survey information from part​ (b) only slightly increases the sample size.

C.

​No, using the additional survey information from part​ (b) only slightly reduces the sample size.

D.

​No, using the additional survey information from part​ (b) does not change the sample size.

Q1 What happens to the sample mean and standard error as N increases?

Q2 What are the three different t-tests and describe what is different between them

a. What are the assumptions for each test?

Q3 How is the z-score distinct from the t-statistic?

Q4 I want to know if students in my Math class of 27 students are doing as well as another Math class taught by a different teacher, their class has 23 students. What t-test should I use to determine if there is a statistical significant difference between the two classes?

My class has a mean of 87 while the other class has 92. The standard error of the difference is .55

1. State the null and alternate hypothesis
2. Determine the tstatistic and df
3. Using the ttable, what is the critical region?
4. Is there a statistical significant difference?
5. What is the effect size?

Q5 What are 3 key differences between a one-tailed hypothesis versus a two-tailed hypothesis?

Q6 What is a Type 1 error?

Q7 What is a Type 2 error?

Q8 Name one way to increase power and one way to decrease power

You have developed your own questionnaire to assess emotional intelligence in adults. You want to compare a group of professors to a group of undergraduate students. You randomly select 5 professors and 5 students to answer the questions on your questionnaire. You want to determine whether the two groups are different on emotional intelligence. Below are the data you collected, with higher scores showing more emotional intelligence on your questionnaire.

What are your null and alternative/research hypotheses for these data? What is the degrees of freedom (df) and your critical (cutoff) t score value for the test (using .05, two-tailed criterion values)? (3 points)

Compute the standard deviation of the distribution of the difference between group means (or the S_difference) from the pooled variances and then use that value to perform an independent-sample t test on these data and report the t-statistic. (4 points)

Using the findings from the t test, what can you conclude? Report the results following APA format for reporting the t-test. (3 points)

Confidence Interval 1

All of the questions with the header "Confidence Interval 1" are based on the data in this problem.

A researcher at the Annenberg School of Communication is interested in studying the use of smartphones among young adults. She wants to know the average amount of time that college students in the United States hold a smartphone in their hand each day. The researcher obtains data for one day from a random sample of 25 college students (who own smartphones). She installs an app that registers whenever the smartphone is being held and the screen is on. The sample mean is 230 minutes, with a standard deviation of 11 minutes.

What is the 95% confidence interval for average daily time a smartphone is used among college students?

Please show all work for this question on your own sheet of paper. Take your time and organize it neatly with plenty of space. You will upload your work at the end. For some questions, just enter your answer in Canvas.

1. What value of t is used in the confidence interval?

2. What is the standard error?

3. What is the lower bound of the confidence interval?   

4. What is the upper bound of the confidence interval?

Q5. I recorded the annual salaries of 300 employees of a chain computer stores. The mean and standard deviation are $28,000 and $3,000. If the data show a bell-shaped curve,

a) how many employees receive salaries between $25,000 and $31,000?

Answer: 300 x (            ) = (            ) employees.

b) how many employees receive salaries between 22,000 and 34,000?

Answer: 300 x (            ) = (            ) employees.

c) how many between 37,000 and 19,000?

Answer: 300 x (            ) = (            ) employees.

Q7. I recorded the annual salaries of the employees of a chain computer stores. The mean and standard deviation are $38,000 and $3,000. If the data show a bell-shaped curve, 95% of the employees receive salaries between (           ) and (            ).

Q8. I took the midterm last week and the professor told me only the average score (=80) and the standard deviation (=4). Since there are about 4-5 students who never show up in class, I would assume that the score distribution is NOT bell-shaped. Given that we have 30 students in this class, at least how many students scored between 72 and 88?

Answer: At least 30 x (            ) = At least (            ) firms

A clinical psychology student wanted to determine if there is a significant difference in the Picture Arrangement scores (a subtest of the WAIS-IV that some feel might tap right-brain processing powers) between groups of right- and left-handed college students. The scores were as follows:

12 8

10 10

12 10

14 12

12 11

10 6

8 7

13 9

7 11

a. Is there a significant difference in the Picture Arrangement scores between the right- and left-handed students? Use α = .05 in making your decision. Be sure to state your hypotheses in symbols and use subscripts to denote each group e.g., and to represent the true population mean Picture Arrangement score ???????ℎ?for right- and left-handed students, respectively. Include the following in your response, if necessary – test statistic, degrees of freedom, computations, critical value(s), and conclusion in the context of the problem.

b. What is the 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means?

c. What does it mean if a confidence interval for the true mean difference contains 0? In other words, does this provide evidence that there truly is a mean difference between the two groups or not?

Almost all medical schools in the United States require students to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT). To estimate the mean score μ μ of those who took the MCAT on your campus, you will obtain the scores of an SRS of students. The scores follow a Normal distribution, and from published information you know that the standard deviation is 10.4 . Suppose that, unknown to you, the mean score of those taking the MCAT on your campus is 500 . In answering the questions, use z ‑scores rounded to two decimal places. (a) If you choose one student at random, what is the probability that the student's score is between 495 and505 ? Use Table A, or software to calculate your answer. (Enter your answer rounded to four decimal places.) probability: (b) You sample 25 students. What is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of their average score x¯ ? (Enter your answer rounded to two decimal places.) standard deviation: (c) What is the probability that the mean score of your sample is between 495 and 505 ? (Enter your answer rounded to four decimal places.) probability:

***URGENT*** TEST

1. At one large university, freshmen account for the 40% of the student body, if a group of 15 students is randomly chosen by the school newspaper to comment on textbook prices; what is the probability that at most three of the students are from freshmen? Round your answer to four decimal places (Use Binomial distribution to model this probability)

2.    The Test score in statistics of a class of students has a normal distribution with mean 65 and standard deviation 20. If a student in that class gets

40 marks in statistics, what is the corresponding z-score of the student’s mark. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.

4. Find the following probabilities: (Round your answer to four decimal places)

1. P(Z ≤ -1.5)                   b)   P(Z ≥ 0.25)                 c)   P(- 0.5 ≤ Z   ≤ 0.5) d)   P(Z ≤ -.45   0r Z ≥ 1.15

5. Assume that the distribution of weights of adult males is normal with a mean of 179.8 lbs. and a standard deviation of 45 lbs. Find the probability
    that a randomly selected adult male would have weight less than 170 lbs.   Round your answer to four decimal places.