Consider the mathematical system with the single element {1} under the operation of multiplication. Answer and explain the following:

a)      Is the system closed?

b)      Does the system have an identity element?

c)      Does 1 have an inverse?

d)     Does the associative property hold?

e)      Does the commutative property hold?

f)       Is {1} under the operation of multiplication a commutative group?

Compare the impact of an increase in the government's budget deficit on national saving, interest rate and investment spending in two cases: a small open economy and a closed economy. The two economies are otherwise comparable. Assume prices are flexible and that factors of production are fully employed in both economies. Assume there is perfect capital mobility for the small open economy. (125 words maximum)

In 1979, the Federal Reserve Board sought to lower inflation in the U.S. through a contractionary monetary policy. GDP fell much more severely than expected, as did the rate of inflation. Why would the open-economy IS/LM/BP model do a better job of explaining the depth of the recession and the rapid decline in inflation than the closed economy IS/LM model?

In a closed economy, a government sees its role growing with the economy, i.e.

GY=g0+g1Y, where g₀> 0 and 0 <g₁< 1.

(a)     Solve for the equilibrium level of income and derive the income multiplier.

(b)     Analyze the effects of an increase in the autonomous component of public spending on the economy when (i) wages and prices are fixed; (ii) wages and prices are flexible.

3. Describe Monopolistic Competition Firms Behavior in regards to A.) Product Differentiation B.) Profit Margins C.) Brand Loyalty D.) Profit Maximization and E.) New Entrants to the Monopolistic Competitive Market.

4.) What is a Close Economy (definition)? Give an example of a closed economy nation. What is an Open Economy (definition)? Give an example of an open economy nation.

Let f : R → R be a function.

(a) Prove that f is continuous on R if and only if, for every open set U ⊆ R, the preimage f −1 (U) = {x ∈ R : f(x) ∈ U} is open.

(b) Use part (a) to prove that if f is continuous on R, its zero set Z(f) = {x ∈ R : f(x) = 0} is closed.

1. How does the iris promote eye color as well as the dilation and constriction of the pupil?

2. What is the role of eyelashes when a foreign body invades the eye?

3. Define the terms miosis, mydriasis, accommodation, near point, and cycloplegia in relation to the eye structures and functions

4. Explain primary, secondary, and congenital glaucoma —as well as closed-angle glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma.

Chapter 11

1. Explain the uses of closed-ended, open-ended, and contingency questions. What are the primary purposes, advantages, and disadvantages of each?
2. What sorts of biases can be introduced into a questionnaire because of question sequencing? What sorts of strategies do researcher implement to eliminate these biases?
3. In your opinion, what are the most important pitfalls in questionnaire construction? Why?