Question 1 Excise tax rates on tobacco and tobacco products increase in March and September based on average weekly ordinary time earnings. Perform a web-search to determine the amount of excise tax charged (as at 1 January 2018) on a standard 20 packet of cigarettes. If the standard packet is sold for a price of $30, how much is the before tax price? Illustrate using the demand and supply model, the effects of a tax imposed on sellers of tobacco products. Explain in detail who pays the tax (buyers and/or sellers) and discuss the role the price elasticity of demand plays in determining the impact on prices and quantity of tobacco products sold. Be explicit about any assumptions made in developing predictions.

Question 2 a) Assume a perfectly competitive firm’s total cost (TC) for different levels of output Q is given by:

Q TC

0 50

1 100

2 140

3 170

4 190

5 210

6 230

7 260

8 300

9 350

10 410

In a table format for the range of output (Q) provided determine: average total costs, average fixed costs, average variable costs and marginal costs. At a price of $35 how many units will be produced in the short run? At this price how many units will be produced in the long run?

b) Explain the differences between a monopolistically competitive market and an oligopolistic market? Give examples of industries with these market structures to explain your answer.

Question 3

Some State Governments around Australia have pursued policies to merge Local Government Councils. Explain the economic rationale for these policies, use cost curves and related evidence to support your arguments.

Explain in detail the process of function of staining with Eosin and Hematoxylin? Please use 10-20 sentences

In detail explain how the packard commission has influenced the US. Use 3 specific examples.

In your own words Discuss in detail why bonds may be sold or traded at a discount or a premium. Also explain in your own words what the amortization of a bond discount or a bond premium is and how it works.

41. What are the main differences of the gene to protein axis between eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems ? Please write/explain the following terms, genetic code, reading frame, six amino acids with their abbreviation, start and stop codons. 45. Please explain the amino acid activation process for tRNA, and aminoacyl-tRNA linkage with mediated proteins in detail. 61. Please explain the mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation in detail. 65. Which technique do you know that you can separate a DNA fragment according to its protein binding capacity ? Please explain how you can do it ? 81. What is the difference of Selenocysteine, when we compared to other amino acids. Please explain in detail.

45. Please explain the amino acid activation process for tRNA, and aminoacyl-tRNA linkage with mediated proteins in detail.

61. Please explain the mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation in detail.

65. Which technique do you know that you can separate a DNA fragment according to its protein binding capacity ? Please explain how you can do it ?

81. What is the difference of Selenocysteine, when we compared to other amino acids. Please explain in detail.      

Explain the difference between the adjusted trial balance and the post-closing trial balance. Explain what Retained Earnings are and how it is computed. Include at least one online source with your response.(minimum 600 words, maximum 750 words) Explain in detail please.

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Reference: The Economics/Finance Section of the WSJ daily

Assume that voluntary enlistment into the U.S. Armed Forces does not ensure its full strength (i.e. ability to fight two wars simultaneously). Assume also that you are an economist who works for the U.S. Secretary of Defense. Your task is to determine a pay-raise in the (potential and existing) military personnel's salaries in order to ensure full strength of the U.S. Armed Forces. Furthermore, assume that the U.S. Armed Forces is forty percent (40%) short of its full strength and an empirical study found that own-price elasticity of supply coefficient for military service in U.S. is 2.25.

With the above information, by how many percent will the salary of military personnel in U.S. be raised so as to attract more potential enlistees (and retain the existing enlisted military personnel) and to ensure full strength of the U.S. Armed forces?

INSTRUCTIONS:

(1) Derive the answer to the (above) question Mathematically or Algebraically.

(2) Show all steps used in deriving your answer(s).

(3) Explain in detail, the economics of your derived answer.

(4) Use the appropriate steps and formula in deriving your answer(s).

(5) Discuss the weakness(es) or the shortcomings of using this type of technique in public policy practice.

Multiple Choice Question 95

For the past two years, Monroe Corporation’s statement of cash flows has shown net cash provided by financing activities. Which of the following choices could explain this result?

Multiple Choice Question 100

On July 31^st of the current year Bridges Industries issued $80,000 of bonds payable. The $80,000 was used to purchase $30,000 of equipment and $50,000 to purchase stock in another company. How will these transactions be reported in the statement of cash flows?

Multiple Choice Question 108

Burton Company purchased a new crane costing $47,000 from Heavy Equipment Corporation. To pay for the crane, Burton traded in an old piece of machinery worth $10,000 and took a note for the balance of $37,000. How will this transaction be reported on the statement of cash flows?

Multiple Choice Question 110

Myers Real Estate Company exchanged an acre of land in exchange for five hundred shares of stock in the Midland Corporation. The land is worth $22,000 and the stock is worth $40 per share. How will this transaction be reported on the statement of cash flows?