Activity description

A program must be carried out in MATLAB or OCTAVE that acquires and analyzes (continuously or online) the voice signal that is acquired from the sound card of the PC (microphone input) or a signal that is acquired with an acquisition card of data (ex. NI DAQCard).

The program must continuously perform the functions: signal acquisition, spectral analysis of the acquired signal, graphs in the time domain and graphs in the frequency domain (magnitude and phase spectrum).

The program should display the following graphs:

1) Original signal in the time domain

2) Original signal in the frequency domain (magnitude and phase)

Program 1: Initially do not acquire the signal from the PC sound card, instead create a synthetic signal in the MATLAB workspace, for example a signal composed of the sum of two or more sinusoids of different amplitude, frequency and phase . The signal must be visualized in time (oscillations) and the frequency analysis (magnitude spectrum) must show the presence of the original frequencies. It is important to assume a certain sampling frequency and a duration of the synthetic signal.

Program 2: After this works, start with a static version of the voice signal analyzer (ie the input signal is only a defined time window, for example three seconds), i.e. program 2 is an improved version of program version 1 where instead of a synthetic signal the signal that is acquired with the sound card is used in a time range of for example 3s. Note that this frequency is acquired at a certain sampling frequency. Finally, make the necessary adaptations and changes to the version 1 program so that it works online or continuously.

Questions to answer:
1) What is the analysis in the frequency domain of a signal? What differences exist with respect to time domain
2) What is the FFT?
3) What type of signals (continuous or discrete) are being used in the program? Explain your answer.
4) Explain what the frequency spectrum of a signal is (remember that the frequency spectrum is two graphs).
5) According to the project, generally what type of signals do we find in nature (continuous or discrete) and what type of signals do computer systems use (continuous or discrete)?

TO Industries prepares monthly cash budgets. The following budget information is available for April and May 2020:

All sales are credit sales. The company expects to collect 65% from customers in the month of the sale and the remaining 35% in first month following the sale. The company purchases direct materials on account. The company pays for 70% of the purchases in the month of the purchases and the remaining 30% in the first month following the purchase. Direct labor, manufacturing overhead, and selling and administrative expenses are paid in cash in the month incurred.

Additional information:

• March 2020 credit sales were $600,000
• March 2020 purchases of direct materials were $200,000
• The company’s cash balance on April 1, 2020 is expected to be $90,000
• The company wants to maintain a minimum cash balance of $80,000 and has a line of credit in the amount of 1,000,000, with an annual interest rate of 6%, available to borrow if the budgeted cash balance falls below that level. Any amounts borrowed on the line of credit at the end of a month require a cash interest payment in the subsequent month. If the ending cash balance in a month exceeds the minimum balance, the excess amount is used to repay any amounts borrowed on the line of credit.

Required

1. Prepare a schedule of cash collections from credit sales for April and May 2020.
2. Prepare a schedule of cash disbursements for direct material purchases for April and May 2020.
3. Prepare a cash budget for April and May 2020 in columnar format.

Just need 2a and 2b answered. Already have number one. Just included in case you needed it for part two.

1. On January 1, 2020, Hawkeye Air leased a new airplane for a term of 8 years. The expected life of the airplane is 20 years. There are no rights to purchase the asset at the end of the term, no bargain purchase option, and no residual value guarantee. The lease stipulates that Hawkeye Air makes annual payments of $550,000 beginning at the end of the first year (December 31, 2020). Hawkeye Air has an incremental borrowing rate of 6% and the fair market value of the airplane on January 1, 2020 is $6,250,000 (for simplicity, assume the lessor’s implicit rate is greater than 6%).

a. What journal entries related to the lease arrangement should be recorded during 2020 (assume Hawkeye Air’s fiscal year end is December 31).

b. Identify any effects the lease arrangement and the associated reporting would have on the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows for 2020.

c. What is the annual lease payment that results in a present value of minimum lease payments equal to 90% of the fair market value of the airplane ($6,250,000)?

2. Now assume that the lessor decided to require the lease payments at the beginning of the year as opposed to the end of the year. Also assume that the lease arrangement had a bargain purchase option under which the lessee could purchase the airplane at the end of the contract for $500,000.

a. What journal entries related to the lease arrangement should be recorded during 2020.

b. Identify any effects the lease arrangement and the associated reporting would have on the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows for 2020.

On 1 July 2019, Vajra Ltd was incorporated and offered 2,500,000 ordinary shares to the public at an issue price of $4.00 per share, with $1.50 payable on application, and $1.50 upon allotment (due within one month of allotment) and $1.00 payable on another call to be made at a later date.

The issue is underwritten at a commission of $42,000.

By 31 July 2019, applications had been received for 2,450,000 shares. On 12 August 2019, shares were allotted, and the underwriter forwarded the application and allotment money due on the 50,000 shares less their commission. All remaining allotment money was received by 12 September 2019. On 30 September 2019, Vajra Ltd paid the legal costs (for company formation) of $6,200 and share issue cost of $4,600.

On 20 January 2020, the call was made, with money due by 29 February 2020. By 29 February 2020, all call money was received except for holders of 35,000 shares who failed to meet the call. On 31 March 2020, the shares on which call money was not received were forfeited.

On 9 April 2020, the forfeited shares were auctioned for $3.70 as fully paid. Share re-issue costs amounting to $8,500 were paid. The constitution provides for any surplus on resale, after satisfaction of unpaid instalments and any costs, to be returned to shareholders whose shares were forfeited. The refunds were made on 5 May 2020.

Required: Prepare the journal entries to record the transactions of Vajra Ltd up to and including that which took place on 30 June 2020. Show all relevant dates, narrations and workings.

Mr Ahmed Kumar runs a snack distribution business located in the Light Industrial area in Lusaka. The following list of balances was extracted from his ledger as at 31 March, 2020; the end of his most recent financial year.

K

Capital                                                                                               83,887

Sales                                                                                                  259,870

Trade accounts payable                                                                 19,840

Returns outwards                                                                            13,407

Allowance for doubtful debts                                                         512

Discounts allowed                                                                           2,306

Discounts received                                                                          1,750

Purchases                                                                                         135,680

Returns inwards                                                                               5,624

Carriage outwards                                                                           4,562

Drawings                                                                                           18,440

Carriage inwards                                                                             11,830

Rent, rates and insurance                                                             25,973

Heating and lighting                                                                        11,010

Postage, stationery and telephone                                               2,410

Advertising                                                                                        5,980

Salaries and wages                                                                         38,521

Bad debts                                                                                          2,008

Cash in hand                                                                                    534

Cash at bank                                                                                    4,440

Inventory as at 1^st April 2019                                                         15,654

Trade accounts receivable                                                             24,500

Fixtures and fittings - at cost                                                          120,740

Prov. for depreciation on fixtures and fittings – 31/03/2020     63,020

Depreciation                                                                                     12,074

The following additional information as at 31^st March, 2020 is available:

(a) Inventory at the close of business was valued at K17,750

(b) Insurances have been prepaid by K1,120

(c) Heating and lighting is accrued by K1,360

(d) Rates have been prepaid by K5,435

(e) The allowance for doubtful debts is to be adjusted so that it is 3% of trade accounts receivable.

Required:

For the year 2020, prepare Mr Kumar’s:

1. Unadjusted Trial Balance as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

2. General Journal recording the adjustments highlighted above.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

3. Trading, Profit or Loss statement for the year ended 31^st March, 2020.

[10 Marks]

4. Statement of financial position as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

[Total: 40 Marks]

Question 4 [27]

The following bank reconciliation statement was prepared by the bookkeeper of Veggie Stores for January 2020. The financial year of the business ends in January each year.

Required:

1. Is the opening balance of R35 000 as per the bank statement a debit or a credit balance on the bank statement? Explain your answer.                                                                         (2)
2. Explain why the business has entered cheque no. 9753 in the bank reconciliation statement.                                                                                                                                       (3)
3. The business has made three other errors. Identify the amounts relating to these errors and explain why they are errors. Specify the corrective action that should be taken to correct these errors.                                                                                                                            (9)
4. Prepare a corrected bank reconciliation statement for January 2020.                         (7)
5. The owner is concerned about the outstanding deposit of R12 900. Explain why he is concerned.                                                                                                                     (2)
6. Propose TWO steps the owner should take to prevent things such as those described in Question 4.5 above from occurring again in the future.                                                (4)

Complete question 4.3 and 4.4 specifically in format below

4.3

                                                                                                                                                        (9)

4.4

                                                                                                                                                        (7)

Question 4 [27]

The following bank reconciliation statement was prepared by the bookkeeper of Veggie Stores for January 2020. The financial year of the business ends in January each year.

Required:

1. Is the opening balance of R35 000 as per the bank statement a debit or a credit balance on the bank statement? Explain your answer.                                                                         (2)
2. Explain why the business has entered cheque no. 9753 in the bank reconciliation statement.                                                                                                                                       (3)
3. The business has made three other errors. Identify the amounts relating to these errors and explain why they are errors. Specify the corrective action that should be taken to correct these errors.                                                                                                                            (9)
4. Prepare a corrected bank reconciliation statement for January 2020.                         (7)
5. The owner is concerned about the outstanding deposit of R12 900. Explain why he is concerned.                                                                                                                     (2)
6. Propose TWO steps the owner should take to prevent things such as those described in Question 4.5 above from occurring again in the future.                                                (4)

Complete question 4.3 and 4.4 specifically in format below

4.3

                                                                                                                                                        (9)

4.4

                                                                                                                                                        (7)

Question 3

A. J & B Company uses the percentage of sales approach to estimate its uncollectible accounts. The company’s annual sales for its first financial year of operations ending July 31, 2020 was $500,000, cash sales contributed to 2% of the overall sales and the accounts receivable balance at year end was $75,000. Based on industry expectations, it estimated that 3% of its credit sales would be uncollectible.

Required:

a. Calculate the bad debt expense at July 31, 2020.

b. Calculate the net receivable balance that would be reported in the Statement of Financial Position as at July 31, 2020.

B. Tosh and Sons Inc. uses the percentage of receivables approach to estimate its uncollectible accounts. The company had sales of $100,000 at the end of its financial year on June 30, 2020. The allowance for doubtful debts account had a debit balance of $400, the accounts receivable balance was $30,000 at year end and the company estimates the uncollectible percentages as follows:

Current (1 - 30 days)   $15,000           0.5%

31 - 60 days                 $10,000           2.0%

61 - 90 days                 $3,000             10.0%

Over 90 days               $2000              60.0%

Required:

a. Calculate the bad debt expense at June 30, 2020.

b. Prepare the necessary journal entry to record the bad debt expense for the year.

C. During the financial year ending May 31, 2020 the Board of Directors of Chung Sa Corporation authorised the write off of a $3,000 two-year debt belonging to a previous customer Jap Inc. On July 2, 2020 Chung Sa Corporation received an electronic funds transfer from Jap Inc. in the amount of $3,000.

Required:

Prepare all necessary journal entries to record this transaction.