Question 8.  A transmembrane protein uses a β barrel structure to span the cell membrane.  How can amino acid mutations in a protein within this β barrel structure affect interactions with the membrane and why? (Up to 50 words)  

Question 9.  Haemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in our red blood cells.  Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disease in which Glu at position 6 of haemoglobin is mutated to a Val, rendering haemoglobin non-functional.

1. What type of amino acid change is this?  (1 mark)

2. Give one reason why this could affect the function of this protein.  (1 mark)

Question 10.  Lectin is a protein that binds carbohydrates and is critical for biological recognition processes in living organisms.  Describe what bonds and forces could be involved in lectin and carbohydrate interactions. (Up to 50 words)  

Question 11.  A hexokinase is an enzyme that adds a phosphate to glucose after it enters the cell, which is considered the first step of glycolysis.  One enzyme, hexokinase A (HKA), has a K_m of 0.02 mM, whereas another, hexokinase B (HKB), has a K_m of 1.0 mM.  Explain why some types of fast growing cancer cells would use HKA instead of HKB. (Up to 50 words)  

Create a java application that can solve the following differential equation and boundary condition with the Runge Kutta method and the secant method.

x' = f(t,x) = x + 0.09x² + cos(10*t) differential equation

x(0) + x(1) - 3.0 = 0            boundary condition

Starting with the initial guesses 0.7 and 1.0 for the (unknown) initial value, x(0), obtain an approximation to x(0) {for the final solution, x(t)} such that the boundary condition is satisfied to within a tolerance of 10^-4 . Use a fixed stepsize of 0.025 (i.e., take 40 steps each time you integrate the differential equation from t=0 to t=1). Write your program so that the output shows the values of x(0), x(1), and x(0)+x(1)-3 (the error in satisfying the boundary condition) at the end of each iteration of the secant method. After the last iteration of the secant method, re-integrate from t=0 to t=1 and print out the solution for x(t) over the range [0,1]. Your solution for x(t) should resemble the solution plotted below.

You approximation to x(0), when you finish, should be roughly 0.7378743818.

a) you can see a program for using bisection search to find the square root of x:

x = 25

epsilon = 0.01

low = 0.0

high = max(1.0, x)

guess = (low + high) / 2

numberofguesses = 1

while abs(guess ** 2 - x) > epsilon :

print('low =', low, 'high = ', high, 'guess = ', guess)

if guess** 2 > x : # the guess is too high, so move high down to guess

high = guess

else : # the guess is too low, so move low up to guess

low = guess

print('number of guesses:', numberofguesses)

print(guess, 'is close enough to the square root of ', x)

Try out the program, and fix any typos (mine or yours) so that it works. Think about why it starts high with max(1, x) in place of simply high = x. Change the program so that the value of x is read from the user. Ask the user for a positive number. If the user gives a negative number, then ask again, repeatedly until a positive number is given.

b) Modify the bisection search program shown above, so that it finds the cube root of a number. The number can be negative or positive.

Green Goose Automation Company currently has no debt in its capital structure, but it is considering using some debt and reducing its outstanding equity. The firm’s unlevered beta is 1.15, and its cost of equity is 12.70%. Because the firm has no debt in its capital structure, its weighted average cost of capital (WACC) also equals 12.70%. The risk-free rate of interest (rRFrRF) is 3.5%, and the market risk premium (RP) is 8%. Green Goose’s marginal tax rate is 30%.

Green Goose is examining how different levels of debt will affect its costs of debt and equity, as well as its WACC. The firm has collected the financial information that follows to analyze its weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Complete the following table.

Projecting NOPAT and NOA Using Parsimonious Forecasting Method

Following are Cisco Systems’ sales, net operating profit after tax (NOPAT), and net operating assets (NOA) for its year ended July 31, 2016 ($ millions).

Use the parsimonious method to forecast Cisco’s sales, NOPAT, and NOA for years 2017 through 2020 using the following assumptions.

Rounding instructions:

Round total revenue "unrounded" to two decimal places.

Round total revenue "rounded", NOPAT and NOA answers to the nearest whole number.

For NOPAT and NOA computations, use total revenue "rounded".

1. Risk is

a. The probability that return will be less than expected.

b. The standard deviation of the probability distribution of returns.

c. Variability in return

d. All of the above.

2. A stock with a beta of 1.0 will :

a. always generate a return equal to the market average

b. always generate a return that is close to the market average.

c. always generate a return that is at least as the market average.

d. all of the above are correct.

e. none of the above are correct.

3. Syncor borrowed $ 800,000 payable over 5 years, with an interest rate of 9 percent per annum on the unpaid balance. If the loan is to be repaid in 5 equal, end of year payments, what is the total amount of interest paid on this loan?

a. 205656

b. 228278

c. 201753

d. 255131

4. Calculate the required rate of return for Mercury, Inc.. assuming that (1) investors except a 4.0% rate of inflation in the future, (2) the real risk free rate is 3.0% (3) the market risk premium is 5.0%, (4) Mercury has a beta of 1.00 and (5) its realized rate of return has averaged 15.0% over the last 5 years.

a 10.29%

b. 10.83%

c. 11.40%

d. 12%

e. 12.6o%

4-9 Suppose you were comparing a discount merchandiser with a high-end merchandiser. Suppose further that both companies had identical ROEs. If you applied the DuPont equation to both firms, would you expect the three components to be the same for each company? If not, explain what balance sheet and income statement items might lead to the component differences.

4-10 Indicate the effects of the transactions listed in the following table on total current assets, current ratio, and net income. Use (+) to indicate an increase, (-) to indicate a decrease, and (0) to indicate either no effect or an indeterminate effect. Be prepared to state any nec- essary assumptions and assume an initial current ratio of more than 1.0. (Note: A good ac- counting background is necessary to answer some of these questions; if yours is not strong, answer just the questions you can.)  

Total Current Effect on Current Assets Ratio Net Income a.

Cash is acquired through issuance of additional common stock

f. Merchandise is sold on credit

h. A cash dividend is declared and paid
i. Cash is obtained through short-term bank loans

m. Current operating expenses are paid

q. Accounts receivable are collected

s. Merchandise is purchased on credit