Kay listens to either classical or country music every day while she works. If she listens to classical music one day, there is a 66% chance that she will listen to country music the next day. If she listens to country music, there is a 77% that she will listen to classical music the next day.

(a) If she listens to country music on Monday, what is the probability she will listen to country music on Thursday?

All of the same information about Kay's listening habits remain true. However, suppose you know the additional fact that on a particular Monday the probability that she is listening to classical music is 0.24.

(b) Based on your additional knowledge that there is a 0.24 probability that she is listening to classical music on Monday, what is the probability she will be listening to country music on Wednesday?

(c) Based on your additional knowledge that there is a 0.24 probability that she is listening to classical music on Monday, what is the probability that she will be listening to classical music on Thursday?

Before 1918, approximately 60% of the wolves in a region were male, and 40% were female. However, cattle ranchers in this area have made a determined effort to exterminate wolves. From 1918 to the present, approximately 65% of wolves in the region are male, and 35% are female. Biologists suspect that male wolves are more likely than females to return to an area where the population has been greatly reduced. (Round your answers to three decimal places.) (

a) Before 1918, in a random sample of 11 wolves spotted in the region, what is the probability that 8 or more were male?

What is the probability that 8 or more were female?

What is the probability that fewer than 5 were female?

b) For the period from 1918 to the present, in a random sample of 11 wolves spotted in the region, what is the probability that 8 or more were male?

What is the probability that 8 or more were female?

What is the probability that fewer than 5 were female?

In Java

The Problem

In his book Irreligion, the mathematician John Allen Paulos tells an amusing story about the Dutch astronomer Cornelis de Jager, "who concocted the following algorithm for personalized physical constants, [and] used it to advance a charming theory about the metaphysical properties of Dutch bicycles." First select any positive real-valued universal physical or mathematical constant that seems interesting to you, e.g., π, e, Planck's constant, the atomic weight of molybdenum, the boiling point of water in Kelvin, whatever you like. Call this constant μ. Then select any four positive real numbers not equal to 1 that have personal meaning to you, e.g., your favorite number, day or month or year of birth, age in fortnights or seconds, weight in stones or grams, height in furlongs or millimeters, number of children, house number, apartment number, zip code, last four digits of SSN, whatever you like. Call these four personal numbers w, x, y, and z.

Now consider the de Jager formula w^ax^by^cz^d, where each of a, b, c, and d is one of the 17 numbers {-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, -1/2, -1/3, -1/4, 0, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. The "charming theory" asserts that the de Jager formula with your four personal numbers can be used to approximate μ within a fraction of 1% relative error. For example, suppose you choose to approximate the mean distance from the earth to the moon in miles: μ = 238,900. And suppose you are an OSU sports fan, so your personal numbers are the number of wins in OSU's last national championship season (14), the seating capacity of Ohio Stadium (102,329), the year of Jesse Owens' four gold medals in Berlin (1936), and your jersey number when you played high school field hockey (13). Then the value of 14^-5102329¹1936^1/213⁴ is about 239,103, which is within about 0.08% of μ.

Your job is to create a Java program that asks the user what constant μ should be approximated, and then asks in turn for each of the four personal numbers w, x, y, and z. The program should then calculate and report the values of the exponents a, b, c, and d that bring the de Jager formula as close as possible to μ, as well as the value of the formula w^ax^by^cz^d and the relative error of the approximation to the nearest hundredth of one percent (see SimpleWriter print(double, int, boolean) for a method you may find useful for this). Note that your program must find the combination of exponents that minimizes the error of the approximation of μ and then print the exponents, best approximation, and corresponding relative error. (Essentially this program could be used to disprove the "charming theory" by finding μ, w, x, y, and z such that the best approximation of μ results in a relative error that is greater than 1%.)

Method

1. Create a new Eclipse project by copying ProjectTemplate or a previous project you have created, naming the new project Pseudoscience. In the src folder of this project and the default package, create a class called ABCDGuesser1.
2. Edit ABCDGuesser1.java to satisfy the problem requirements stated above, as well as the following additional requirements:
   • Use only while loops for iteration.
   • Check that the inputs provided by the user are valid, i.e., the input for μ is a positive real value and the inputs for w, x, y, and z are each a positive real value not equal to 1. You should implement and use two new static methods declared as follows:

     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

     /** * Repeatedly asks the user for a positive real number until the user enters * one. Returns the positive real number. * * @param in *            the input stream * @param out *            the output stream * @return a positive real number entered by the user */ private static double getPositiveDouble(SimpleReader in, SimpleWriter out) {...}    /** * Repeatedly asks the user for a positive real number not equal to 1.0 * until the user enters one. Returns the positive real number. * * @param in *            the input stream * @param out *            the output stream * @return a positive real number not equal to 1.0 entered by the user */ private static double getPositiveDoubleNotOne(SimpleReader in, SimpleWriter out) {...}

     Note that you cannot assume the user will provide a number; the user can type pretty much anything. So your methods should read the input as a String (use SimpleReader nextLine() method), then make sure that the input is a real number (use FormatChecker.canParseDouble()), and finally convert the string to a double (use Double.parseDouble()).
3. Copy ABCDGuesser1.java to create ABCDGuesser2.java. Change it so the while loops in the main method are replaced by for loops (but you should not change the loops in the bodies of getPositiveDouble and getPositiveDoubleNotOne), and so it uses at least one additional private static method.

1. To economists, which of the following is true of pollution?

A. It is an externality.

B. It is always produced by third parties.

C. It is never caused by the consumers of the good, only by the producers.

D. It is never caused by the producers of the good, only by the consumers.

2.The free-rider problem is most likely to occur in which of the following cases?

A. A lighthouse

B. Buying apples at a farmers’ market

C. Visits to a local theme park

D. Visits to the emergency room

3. The term exclusion refers to which of the following?

A. The likelihood that the government may exclude the private sector from the production of certain goods

B. The possibility that you may receive benefits without having paid for them

C. The condition where you can’t consume a good if you don’t pay for it

D. The condition where your consumption of a good removes that good from someone else

4. Which of the following is a basic difference between public goods and private goods?

A. A private good is an internal good.

B. A public good must have no cost.

C. Public goods have the property of exclusion.

D. Private goods have the property of exclusion.

A Video store (AVS) runs a standard video stores. Before a video can be put on the shelf, it must be cataloged and entered into the video database. Every customer must have a valid a AVS customer card to rent a video. Customers rent videos for three days at a time. Every time a customer rent video, the system must ensure that he/she does not have any overdue videos. If so, the overdue videos must be returned and an overdue fee paid before customer can rent more videos, Likewise, if the customer has returned overdue videos but not paid the overdue fee, the fee must be paid before new videos can be rented. Every morning, the store manager prints a report that lists overdue videos. If a video is two or more days overdue, the manager calls the customer to remind him/her to return the video. If a video is returned in damaged condition, the manager removes it from the database.

1. Create a State Machine Diagram the above information

2. Choose two different senerios from the above situation and make a sequence diagram for each

A company is using an outdoor pond to get rid of some organic material in a 500 gallons/ hour wastewater stream. In the current situation, the pond which has a surface area of 1.00 acre (= 43,560 ft^2) and the average depth of 6 ft, removes of 62% of the organic material, but the company is not satisfied with this rate of removal and plans on digging a second pond to provide additional treatment of the effluent so that a total of 95% of the organics are removed from the wastewater. The company’s data indicates that, being outdoors the existing pond is subject to evaporation at the rate of 25 gallons/hour. For geographical reasons, the additional pond cannot be dug deeper than the existing pond and must therefore have a depth of no more than 6 ft. (a) Estimate the decay coefficient of the organics in the existing pond. (b) Determine the area (in acres) that the planned needs to have to enable the company to achieve its goal of 95% removal of the organics. For this assume that the second pond is place in series from the first (that is, the effluent of the first pond feeds the second pond), that the decay constant will be the same in the second pond as it presently is in the first pond, and that water loss by evaporation is proportional to the surface area of the pond.

The primary effluent is to be treated by two parallel trains of the complete mix activated sludge process. The average daily wastewater design flows of 2.0 MGD and assume that the primary sedimentation process removes 60% of the suspended solids and 40% of the BOD5 of the raw sewage. The following data are given:

• Plant effluent BOD₅ of 8 mg/L

• Biomass yield of 0.55 kg biomass / kg BOD

• Endogenous decay rate (kd) = 0.04 day^-1

• Solids Retention Time (θ_C) = 8 days

• MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank of 3000 mg/L

• Waste and recycle solids concentration of 12,000 mg/L   

a) Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters.

b) Determine the mass and volumetric flow rates (kg/day and m³ day) of wasted sludge.

c) Determine the return (recycle) flow rate in cubic meters per day (and in MGD).

d) Determine the volumetric BOD loading to the aeration tank in lb BOD per 1000ft³.  

e) Determine the food to microorganism ratio (F/M) for the aeration tank in kg BOD/day/kg

f) Determine the design hydraulic detention time (θ) in hours.

? A. B. C. D. E. 1.The amount of charge on a capacitor in an electric circuit decreases by 30% each second.

   ?    A    B    C    D    E      2. Polluted water is passed through a series of filters. Each filter removes all but 30% of the remaining impurities from the water.

   ?    A    B    C    D    E      3. In 1950, the population of a town was 3000 people. Over the course of the next 50 years, the town grew at a rate of 10% per decade.

   ?    A    B    C    D    E      4. The percent of a lake's surface covered by algae, initially at 35%, was halved each year since the passage of anti-pollution laws.

   ?    A    B    C    D    E      5. In 1950, the population of a town was 3000 people. Over the course of the next 50 years, the town grew at a rate of 250 people per year.

A. ?(?)=?(0.3)?f(x)=B(0.3)x

B. ?(?)=?(2)−?f(x)=A(2)−x

C. ?(?)=?0+??f(x)=P0+rx

D. ?(?)=?(0.7)?f(x)=B(0.7)x

E. ?(?)=?0(1+?)?f(x)=P0(1+r)x

Write a program that determines which of the company’s four divisions (Northeast, Southeast, Northwest, and Southwest) had the greatest sales for the quarter. It should include the following two functions, which are called by main.

Rewrite the “getSales” function in the “winning division”program.

◦The function has no return value;

◦The function accepts one reference variable to a double and one string variable as arguments.

◦Your program still needs to call getSalesfour times for each division to get their quarterly sales figures.

This is the code I have so far.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

//Prototypes
double getSales(string, double&);
void findHighest(double, double, double, double);

int main()
{
   //Variables for each division's sales
   double NE_sales, SE_sales, NW_sales, SW_sales;
   double s1, s2, s3, s4;

   //Getting the values for each division's sales
   NE_sales = getSales("Northeast", s1);
   SE_sales = getSales("Southeast", s2);
   NW_sales = getSales("Northwest", s3);
   SW_sales = getSales("Southwest", s4);

   //Finding the highest sales
   findHighest(NE_sales, SE_sales, NW_sales, SW_sales);

   system("pause");

   return 0;
}

//Getting sales for each division
double getSales(string name, double &salesRef)
{
   double sales;

   cout << "Please enter the sales for " << name << " division: ";
   cin >> sales;

   //Input validation
   while (sales < 0)
   {
       cout << "Please enter a positive number for the sales for " << name << " division: ";
       cin >> sales;
   }
   salesRef = sales;
   //Returning sales for this division
   return sales;
}

//Finding highest sales
void findHighest(double divNE, double divSE, double divNW, double divSW)
{
   double maxSales;

   //Comparing each division
   maxSales = max(max(max(divNE, divSE), divNW), divSW);

   cout << endl;

   //Outputting result once max is known
   if (maxSales == divNE)
       cout << "The Northeast division grossed the most with a total of $" << divNE << endl;
   else if (maxSales == divSE)
       cout << "The Southeast division grossed the most with a total of $" << divSE << endl;
   else if (maxSales == divNW)
       cout << "THe Northwest division grossed the most with a total of $" << divNW << endl;
   else
       cout << "The Southwest division grossed the most with a total of $" << divSW << endl;

   return;
}

I don't know if I did the reference variable right or how to make the function have no return value.

Find a system of recurrence relations for the number of n-digit quaternary sequences that contain an even number of 2’s and an odd number of 3’s. Define the initial conditions for the system. (A quaternary digit is either a 0, 1, 2 or 3)