Please complete the following functions using C.

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#include

#include "dynarray.h"

/*

* This is the definition of the dynamic array structure you'll use for your

* implementation. Importantly, your dynamic array implementation will store

* each data element as a void* value. This will permit data of any type to

* be stored in your array. Because each individual element will be stored in

* your array as type void*, the data array needs to be an array of void*.

* Hence it is of type void**.

*

* You should not modify this structure.

*/

struct dynarray {

void** data;

int size;

int capacity;

};

/*

* This function should allocate and initialize a new, empty dynamic array and

* return a pointer to it. The array you allocate should have an initial

* capacity of 2.

*/

struct dynarray* dynarray_create() {

return NULL;

}

/*

* This function should free the memory associated with a dynamic array. In

* particular, while this function should up all memory used in the array

* itself (i.e. the underlying `data` array), it should not free any memory

* allocated to the pointer values stored in the array. In other words, this

* function does not need to *traverse* the array and free the individual

* elements. This is the responsibility of the caller.

*

* Params:

* da - the dynamic array to be destroyed. May not be NULL.

*/

void dynarray_free(struct dynarray* da) {

return;

}

/*

* This function should return the size of a given dynamic array (i.e. the

* number of elements stored in it, not the capacity).

*/

int dynarray_size(struct dynarray* da) {

return 0;

}

/*

* This function should insert a new value to a given dynamic array. For

* simplicity, this function should only insert elements at the *end* of the

* array. In other words, it should always insert the new element immediately

* after the current last element of the array. If there is not enough space

* in the dynamic array to store the element being inserted, this function

* should double the size of the array.

*

* Params:

* da - the dynamic array into which to insert an element. May not be NULL.

* val - the value to be inserted. Note that this parameter has type void*,

* which means that a pointer of any type can be passed.

*/

void dynarray_insert(struct dynarray* da, void* val) {

return;

}

/*

* This function should remove an element at a specified index from a dynamic

* array. All existing elements following the specified index should be moved

* forward to fill in the gap left by the removed element. In other words, if

* the element at index i is removed, then the element at index i+1 should be

* moved forward to index i, the element at index i+2 should be moved forward

* to index i+1, the element at index i+3 should be moved forward to index i+2,

* and so forth.

*

* Params:

* da - the dynamic array from which to remove an element. May not be NULL.

* idx - the index of the element to be removed. The value of `idx` must be

* between 0 (inclusive) and n (exclusive), where n is the number of

* elements stored in the array.

*/

void dynarray_remove(struct dynarray* da, int idx) {

return;

}

/*

* This function should return the value of an existing element a dynamic

* array. Note that this value should be returned as type void*.

*

* Params:

* da - the dynamic array from which to get a value. May not be NULL.

* idx - the index of the element whose value should be returned. The value

* of `idx` must be between 0 (inclusive) and n (exclusive), where n is the

* number of elements stored in the array.

*/

void* dynarray_get(struct dynarray* da, int idx) {

return NULL;

}

/*

* This function should update (i.e. overwrite) the value of an existing

* element in a dynamic array.

*

* Params:

* da - the dynamic array in which to set a value. May not be NULL.

* idx - the index of the element whose value should be updated. The value

* of `idx` must be between 0 (inclusive) and n (exclusive), where n is the

* number of elements stored in the array.

* val - the new value to be set. Note that this parameter has type void*,

* which means that a pointer of any type can be passed.

*/

void dynarray_set(struct dynarray* da, int idx, void* val) {

return;

}

For each of the following answer choices explain why the specific choice is incorrect or correct. Give a detailed explanation with relevant outside information for your justification of a choice of falsification. Each falsification or justification should be no less than a paragraph each.

The energy released during oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is high and can produce many molecules of NADH. Why then are only few molecules of NADH made during glycolysis when it appears that many more could be formed?

A. Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose is used in the production of ATP in glycolysis.

B. Glycolysis is a very inefficient reaction, with much of the energy of glucose released as heat.

C. Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose remains in pyruvate, one of the products of glycolysis.

D. There is no CO2 or water produced as products of glycolysis.

Compare and contrast the following for both nucleic acids and proteins:

What determines directionality? At which end do you start synthesizing the molecule?

What are the monomers called?

What is the name of the bond that links the monomers and what type of bond

is it?

What is the variable portion of the monomer and what is the constant portion?

Compare and contrast the structure, function and properties of DNA and RNA.

3. Briefly describe how different amino acid sequences can lead to different protein structures and functions. Be sure to refer to the different levels of protein folding.

4. Briefly describe the properties of lipid bilayers and how this dictates membrane permeability. Be sure to mention which types of molecules can and cannot pass through the lipid bilayer.

5. Describe the different types of membrane transport and how they relate to concentration gradients and energy.

1) Functions of the large intestine include :

Temporary food storage

resorption of water and compaction of feces

chemical digestion of chyme

absorption of the products of digestion

all the above

2) what does Benedict's reagent test for when analyzing amylase activity?

presence of amino acids

enzymatic activity of proteinases

hydrolysis of glucose

presence of simple sugars

3) Which of the following is NOT a basic process of the gastrointestinal system?

Filtration

absorption

digestion

secretion

motility

4) what cell produces pepsinogen?

duodenal cell

acinar cell

beta cell

chief cell

5) what does biuret reagent test for when analyzing pepsin activity?

hydrolysis of nucleic acid

presence of alcohol sugars

products of lipase

hydrolysis of proteins

Please help me answer this question

What are the main epigenetic mechanisms that interfere with the expression of genes?

CRCs (chromatin remodeling complexes) drive the formation of heterochromatin regardless of any regulatory input.

CRCs condense chromatin in centromeres, telomeres and origins of replication. gene-rich genomic DNA regions that are not condensed by CRCs (chromatin remodeling complexes) are able to be accessed by transcription factors that may activate or repress transcription (gene expression).

CRCs (chromatin remodeling complexes) locally (regionally) reorganize global chromatin structure making it inaccessible (by condensing) or accessible (by relaxing) to transcription factors.

CRCs (chromatin remodeling complexes) recognize certain labels, chemical modifications on specific amino acids side chains on histone tail domains and as a response promote the condensation or relaxation of chromatin regions preventing or allowing transcription to occur, respectively.

Arrange the following steps in E. coli translation from first (1) to last (9).

Dissociation of the peptide chain as well as the large and small ribosomal subunits from the complex.

Recruitment of the 50S subunit to form a completed initiation complex in a GTP-dependent manner.

Translocation of uncharged tRNA from P site to E site of the ribosome, and docking of the next charged tRNA at the A site.

A stop codon is encountered at the A site. Peptide bond formation between two adjacent amino acids catalyzed by peptidyl transferase.

Release factor recognizes a stop codon, and the bond between tRNA and the nascent polypeptide chain is broken.

Binding of a charged tRNA to the aminoacyl (A) site of the ribosome complex.

fMet-tRNAfMet recognizes the initiator codon AUG and binds to it.

The small ribosomal subunit binds to the ribosome binding site.

elect the correct answer from the pull down menu.

choose from this list:

stop codon

reverse transcriptase inhibitor

latent

polypeptide chain

protein synthesis

genome

rna polymerse

host cell

carcinogen

hydrogen

a)The urea cycle:The reciprocal substrate relationship (ATP vs GTP) in purine nucleotide synthesis ensures a balanced pool of adenine nucleotide and guanidine nucleotide be available for the synthesis of nucleic acid. True/False?

b) The urea cycle:converts urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide.True/False?

c) The urea cycle: acts as an energy-supplying mechanism by oxidizing waste materials.True/False?

d) The urea cycle:converts ammonia into urea. True/False?

e) The urea cycle:converts urea into uric acid. True/False?

f) The urea cycle:supplies the bodily requirement for arginine in adults. True/False?

g) For mammals, some amino acids are essential in the diet, whereas others may be formed from dietary components. Humans are capable of converting: oxaloacetate to aspartic acid. True/False?

1.   In the proximal tubule under normal conditions, 50% of glucose is reabsorbed back into the peritubular capillaries.
a.   true
b.   false

2.   The transport maximum (Tmax) is the upper limit of reabsorption of glucose and amino acids due to the saturation of carrier systems that return these substances back to the blood.
a.   true
b.   false

3.   Which of the following is an effect of aldosterone? MIGHT BE C***
a.   excretion of sodium ions
b.   conservation of potassium ions
c.   conservation of sodium ions
d.   all are correct

4.   Some hydrogen ions secreted into the collecting duct are buffered. These buffers are
a.   bicarbonate buffers
b.   ammonia (NH3)
c.   phosphate buffers
d.   all of the above

5.   The glomerular filtration rate average in an adult male is 125 ml/min. (Might be F)
a.   true
b.   false

1. Antibodies against both type A and type B red blood cell antigens are found in the plasma of a person whose blood is:
a)any of these types

b)type O

c)type A

d)type AB

e)type B

2.What plasma protein helps draw water from tissues into capillaries to maintain blood volume and pressure?

a)albumin

b)gamma globulins

c)fibrinogen

d)beta globulins

e)alpha globulins

3) Fibrinogen is to fibrin as
a)amino acids are to proteins

b)deoxyribonucleotides are to DNA

c)All of these choices

d)ribonucleotides are to RNA

4)Sympathetic neurons could
a)speed up the heart beat

b)slow down the heart beat

d)would have no effect on the heart beat