1. Is it necessary for every research project to have a set of hypotheses? Why or why not?
2. What is the role of the researcher in the problem definition process?
3. How may a marketing researcher be creative in interpreting a research brief and developing a research proposal?
4. What is the significance of the ‘background’ section of a research brief and research proposal?
5. Describe some of the reasons why management is often not clear about the ‘real’ problem they face.
6. What interrelated events occur in the environmental context of a research problem?
7. Describe the factors that may affect the approach to a research problem.
8. What are the most common forms of analytical models?
9. What are the differences between research questions and hypotheses?

1. [Valuing a Put Option] Suppose a stock is currently trading for $60, and in one period will either go up by 20% or fall by 10%. If the one-period risk-free rate is 3%, what is the price of a European put option that exprires in one period and has an exercise price of $60?

2. Suppose the uncertainty involves two possible states (0- = 1,2) with equal probability 0.5. The investment A produces a state-contingent rate of return 3% at the state 1 and 5% at the state2. The investment B produces a state-contingent rate of return 2% at the state 1 and 8% at the state 2

a. Based on the state-by-state dominance, which investment project would you prefer?

b. Based on the mean-variance criterion, which investment project would you like better?

c. Which investment project would you rather have? Tell me your criterion

3. Consider the following portfolio of two risky assets: the asset 1 with return r1 and the asset 2 with return r2. We invest x dollars in the asset 1 and (1-x) dollars in the asset 2, where 0<=x<=1.

a. Calculate the expected value of the portfolio E[rp]

b. Calculate the variance of the portfolio, Var(rp)

c. Based on your findings on the part b. what kind of assets you should choose when constructing the portfolio.

d. CAPM assets that all investors will hold the optimal portfolio. What is the optimal portfolio in this context?

4. Why do economists use a utility function to present an economic agent's preference? Is this utility-based approach plausible?

5. How do we measure risks?

The topic you must address in your essay is, “ What is the U.S. government, and how does it function?
In answering this question, you should use the following topic

The roles of each branch of our government-Discuss the power structure among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government, the power balance between state and federal government, the concept and practice of federalism and sovereignty.

.As a political scientist, you are interested in evaluating the average number of campaign stops
that Senate candidates make per week during the general election campaign. Previous research
on the subject suggests that the average number of campaign stops per weeks is equal to 26
(conventional wisdom). You are interested in testing this against the possibility that this is not
the parameter value (two-tailed test). You collect a sample of n = 20 candidates, and find a
sample mean of 32 with a sample standard deviation of 10. Use significance level α = 0:05, and
clearly state the hypotheses, the test statistic, the p-value, and your conclusion (in complete, plain
language sentences). Confirm your results by constructing a 95% confidence interval, and
explain how this confidence interval offers confirmation of your hypothesis test.

A marketing company wants to research whether the type of phone used by an individual is independent of the type of response from the individual. The company surveyed respondents by phone, drawing a random sample of landline telephones and another random sample of mobile phones.

There were 3 types of responses: No Answer, Voicemail and Person answers phone

A) State the hypotheses to test for independence.

B) Write down the degrees of freedom AND the critical value for α = 10%.

C) You are now told that the calculated Chi square statistic value is 145.13. Use this to make your decision and AND briefly explain how you made your decision AND give your conclusion.

A marketing company wants to research whether the type of phone used by an individual is independent of the type of response from the individual. The company surveyed respondents by phone, drawing a random sample of landline telephones and another random sample of mobile phones.

There were 3 types of responses: No Answer, Voicemail and Person answers phone

In a particular year, 68% of online courses taught at a system of community colleges were taught by full-time faculty. To test if 68% also represents a particular state's percent for full-time faculty teaching the online classes, a particular community college from that state was randomly selected for comparison. In that same year, 31 of the 44 online courses at this particular community college were taught by full-time faculty. Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% level to determine if 68% represents the state in question.

d) State the distribution to use for the test. (Round your standard deviation to four decimal places.)

f) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)

g) Sketch a picture of this situation. Label and scale the horizontal axis and shade the region(s) corresponding to the p-value.

i) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true proportion. Sketch the graph of the situation. Label the point estimate and the lower and upper bounds of the confidence interval. (Round your answers to four decimal places.)

Randy Restaurateur owns several restaurants in a large metropolitan area. His restaurants range from mid-priced casual dining establishments to a very high priced four-star restaurant. Recently, sales at his “The Tavern on Elm” restaurant have fallen off, and Randy is eager to turn things around. Randy adopted a new strategy for attracting customers to the restaurant – advertising in the Arts and Life section of the city newspaper. You have been hired as consultants to help Randy assess the effectiveness of the advertising.

Problem Details

Randy has been running the ads for 15 weeks at a cost of $50 per week. He has provided you with weekly gross sales figures for the 15 weeks after the campaign began and the weekly gross sales figures for the 24 weeks immediately prior to the campaign in the data sheet titled Weekly Gross Sales. Before paying for the new advertising, profit has been 20% of the gross.

Requirements

Randy has asked for the following information related to the new advertising campaign:

• an estimate of the change in average weekly gross sales, stated to at least 95% confidence

• an assessment with 5% significance of the profitability of the ads (Do the ads more than pay for themselves?)

Complete the analysis and use a PLAN – DO – REPORT format to detail the problem, your work, and your conclusions.

During Before

$5,715.00 $4,959.00

$5,733.00 $5,788.00

$5,477.00 $5,663.00

$5,055.00 $5,146.00

$6,110.00 $5,756.00

$5,900.00 $5,307.00

$5,757.00 $5,589.00

$5,971.00 $4,442.00

$5,550.00 $5,395.00

$6,179.00 $5,911.00

$4,979.00 $5,248.00

$5,982.00 $5,350.00

$5,914.00 $5,533.00

$5,380.00 $5,814.00

$6,489.00 $4,981.00

$5,679.00

$4,873.00

$5,897.00

$5,908.00

$5,490.00

$5,300.00

$5,605.00

$4,987.00

$4,310.00

• In Chapter 8, we learn about Mendel and his experiments that led to the Laws of Inheritance. After reading this chapter, summarize the following in your own words:
  • Difference between phenotype and genotype and how they are related.
  • How does a heterozygous organisms differ from a homozygous organism in terms of the alleles they contribute to the population?
  • Provide your best explanation for the law of segregation in 1-2 sentences.
• Understanding evolutionary relationships is an important element to understanding why organisms are placed in similar groups. In this step, you will be searching for a phylogenetic tree online, and making some observations related to the characteristics that group those organisms. You should use Chapter 12.1 as a guide. Here are the steps to follow for this section:
  • Pick a group of organisms that you would like to find a phylogenetic tree for from the following list: Plants, animals, vertebrates or invertebrates
  • In the google search bar, search for the following “plants (or whichever you pick), phylogenetic tree).
  • Click on “Images” below the Google search bar. You should see several trees that pop up. Find one that contains some characters (physical descriptions) so you can make some conclusions regarding the organisms.
  • Provide the following in your response:
    • A copy of the phylogenetic tree you found.
    • Write a summary of the characters or traits that are responsible for grouping organisms. Include an assessment of which organisms in the group are more closely related, as well as anything interesting or odd you found about the evolutionary relationships of the organisms.

you have two pure-bred varieties of roses, one that has multiple flowers on each stem and red petals, and another that has one flower per stem and yellow petals. you are sure you could get rich if you could just get a multiple-flowered, yellowfins petalled rose bush. you cross your two pure breeding varieties and all the F1 progeny plants have identical phenotype, but your lab assistant forgets to write down the phenotype and then loses the plants. fortunately, you still have one hundred F2(progeny from self-crossing the F1 hybrids before they were lost), and you find the F2 phenotypes as follows:

19 single-flowered red,

18 multi-flowered yellowfins,

8 single-flowered yellowfins,

55 multi flowered red.

a) which phenotypes are dominant

b) record the ratio of the F2 offspring and list the genotypes and phenotypes associated with each number in the ratio