The total cycle time of an automated fiber placement (AFP) operation (sheet lamination), used to manufacture a section of the airplane fuselage, is 8 hours and 40 minutes. The setup time before the start of the operation is 10 minutes. After each layer is put down, an inspection stage is performed for 5 minutes. The AFP head requires cleaning cycle of 3 minutes every 7 layers.

1. If the part is made of 20 layers, what is the time required (in minutes) to lay down 1 layer? (40 points)

2. What is the percentage of down time for this operation? (30 points)

3. What is the total cycle time (in minutes) for making this part, if the lay down speed was doubled? (30 points)

1. Find ALL Nash Equilibria (pure strategy and mixed) of the following games. Also identify the efficient outcome of each game:

a)

b)

c)

2. Find all of the PURE STRATEGY Nash Equilibria to the following game:

Use the textbook’s model of a small, open economy with perfectly mobile capital to predict how each of the following shocks will affect a nation’s national saving (S), investment (I), trade balance (NX), and real exchange rate (), all else equal. For each shock, be sure to clearly state a prediction for all four variables and illustrate your predictions with the relevant supply/demand diagrams.

a. The domestic labor force expands (LS up)

b. Domestic income taxes are reduced (T down)

c. Forecasts of a recession cause an exogenous decrease in autonomous investment (i0 down)

d. An increase in the world’s supply of loanable funds, pushes world interest rates down (rw* down)

A spherical bowling ball with mass m = 3.3 kg and radius R = 0.11 m is thrown down the lane with an initial speed of v = 8.9 m/s. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the sliding ball and the ground is ? = 0.28. Once the ball begins to roll without slipping it moves with a constant velocity down the lane.

What is the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the bowling ball as it slides down the lane?

What is magnitude of the linear acceleration of the bowling ball as it slides down the lane?

How long does it take the bowling ball to begin rolling without slipping?

How far does the bowling ball slide before it begins to roll without slipping?

What is the magnitude of the final velocity?

3. A block on an incline is pushed by a hand. The hand exerts a force on the block parallel to the incline. State whether the specified quantities are positive, negative, or zero. Explain in each case.

a. The block moves up the incline and speeds up.The work done by the hand on the block. The work done by the block on the hand.

b. The block moves down the incline and speeds up (even though the hand is still pushing up along the incline.) The work done by the hand on the block. The work done by the block on the hand.

c. The block moves down the incline and slows down. (Note that the hand is now pushing down the ramp, and the ramp has friction.) The work done by the hand on the block. The work done by the block on the hand.

Read the following article, which is an abstract from a press release by the Hong Kong Government’s Information Service Department on 11th

October 2017, and then answer the questions that follow.

CE: Tax relief, new convention venues, innovation and technology to boost Hong Kong’s economy

In her maiden Policy Address today (October 11), the Chief Executive, Mrs Carrie Lam, outlined plans to diversify Hong Kong’s economy and create more opportunities for the city.

“While upholding the free market principle, the Government has to actively enhance its role in boosting our economic vibrancy through efforts in various areas, including land supply, talent, government-to-government business, policy directions, investment, business-friendly environment and taxation,” Mrs. Lam said.

Mrs. Lam unveiled new tax measures to reduce the burden on companies, including a two-tiered profits tax system that would lower the profits tax rate to 8.25 per cent – half the current standard rate – on the first $2 million of profit.

“To ensure that the tax benefits will target small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we will introduce restrictions such that each group of enterprises may only nominate one enterprise to benefit from the lower tax rate,” she said. This, Mrs Lam said, would “provide further tax relief to small and medium-sized enterprises”. The standard profits tax rate of 16.5 per cent would remain unchanged for profit beyond $2 million.

In addition, the Chief Executive proposed that the first $2 million in eligible research and development (R&D) expenditure enjoy a 300 per cent tax deduction and 200 per cent for the remainder. A bill to implement the two initiatives will be submitted to the Legislative Council as soon as possible.

(Source: http://www.ird.gov.hk/eng/ppr/archives/17101101.htm)

Required

a State and briefly explain the objectives of a good tax system an d the characteristics it should possess.

b Briefly comment on the proposed measures in the article above by referring to your answer to (a). (You might need to refer to other materials to understand more about the background and to get some basic understanding of Hong Kong profits tax.)

Watch the attached video and read the paragraphs that follow. Once completed, describe in 300 words how this new technology can impact Amazon.

In 2013 Amazon announced a bold new venture: a drone delivery service that could bring products to customers within 30 minutes. Three years later, the e-commerce giant completed its first Amazon Prime Air delivery during a trial run in Great Britain. Of course, the company still has a long way to go before its drones are ready to take flight in great numbers. Along with figuring out many technical details, Amazon must also deal with regulations that limit where drones can and cannot fly. In the U.S., for instance, drones are not allowed to soar above densely populated areas.

As a result, Amazon has established research facilities in Great Britain, Austria and France in order to test its drones in less regulated skies. At its British outpost, the company currently has two customers enrolled in a pilot program for Prime Air. While this lucky pair have made headlines for receiving Amazon’s first drone-delivered packages, perhaps the company‘s most important work is being done at its R&D center in France. In this facility located near Paris, about a dozen software engineers and aviation experts are building an air-traffic control system for the company’s growing drone fleet.

Amazon researchers first tried to adapt air-traffic methods used by airlines only to discover that these techniques didn’t work with low-flying drones. Instead, they began to develop a system that focuses on guiding drones past obstacles like power lines, buildings, and birds. This approach relies on creating detailed maps that include temporary objects like construction cranes as well as up-to-the-second weather conditions. What’s more, the autonomous drones will also be able to warn each other in real-time if they encounter any risks on a flight. Despite these latest advancements, though, there’s still no telling when Amazon Prime Air will be ready to go live. “This is highly regulated,” said Amazon’s VP for global innovation policy Paul Misener. “We’re not going to launch this until we can demonstrate its safety.”

_{“Microsoft's Battle for the Air Just Got Easier; Airlines are dumping old planes, giving the e-commerce giant the perfect opportunity to expand its cargo fleet at a time of constrained supply
Wall Street Journal; New York, N.Y.; 01 May 2020.
…Due to Covid-19, airlines are now dumping older planes. According to international advisory firm Ishka, lease rates are down: Renting a Boeing 747-8 freighter is 13% cheaper than in January. Microsoft might even consider using some of its vast cash holdings—$27 billion at the end of March—to start owning its own fleet. The market value of five-year-old 777s and Airbus 330s is down almost 10% this year, Ishka said…”
Earth Airline Ltd (EAL) is evaluating the possibility of tendering for the license to operate international flights from Canberra to Queenstown (NZ) for a 5-year period. If its bid is successful, EAL will have to acquire a new aircraft. Tupoloev Corporation has offered to sell EAL an aircraft at a price of $70 million. It could be depreciated at a rate of 10 per cent per annum, straight-line. The estimated disposal value in 5 years' time is $20 million. Alternatively, EAL can lease the aircraft from Hendrix Leasing. The lease contract calls for five annual lease payments of $15 million, due at the beginning of each year. Additionally, EAL must make a security deposit of $1 million that will be returned when the lease expires. EAL can issue bonds with a yield of 11 per cent per annum and the company income tax rate is 30%.
Required:
Considering both financial and non-financial aspects, advise with reasonings if EAL should purchase or lease the aircraft given the current market conditions. Show all workings where calculations are required.}