a) Assuming that the frequency of oscillation is due to the difference in energy between the 2p and 1s states of the H atom, and that the amplitude of oscillation is about one Bohr radius, estimate the rate at which energy is classically radiated in eV/s.

b) Estimate the classical time it takes for this atom to radiate the energy difference between these two states.

a) Assuming that the frequency of oscillation is due to the difference in energy between the 2p and 1s states of the H atom, and that the amplitude of oscillation is about one Bohr radius, estimate the rate at which energy is classically radiated in eV/s.

b) Estimate the classical time it takes for this atom to radiate the energy difference between these two states.

What are the main reasons for Design Build not being legal in some states?

What is the main reason for CM at Risk not being legal in some states?

What is the difference between CM (Agency sometimes called for fee) and CM-at-risk? If you were an owner, whose advice would you consider to be more objective?

Q1) (Foreign Pension)

Elizabeth Windsor is 59 years old. She is a resident taxpayer with private health insurance. She also received a government pension from the United Kingdom that is taxable in Australia but not in the United Kingdom. Elizabeth is subject to tax as an Australian resident taxpayer but exempt from tax in the United Kingdom.

During the 2017/18 tax year, Elizabeth derived interest and unfranked dividends of $39,000 and also received $25,000 of pension.

Required:

Calculate Elizabeth’s taxable income for the 2017/18 tax year.

Calculate Elizabeth’s tax payable or refundable for the 2017/18 tax year

Q2) Stan Eckhardt, aged 57, received a superannuation lump sum of $310,000 from his superannuation fund upon retirement on 15 April 2018. PAYG tax of $28,170 was withheld from the lump sum. The lump sum comprised entirely of an element taxed in the fund. Stan also received gross wages of $85,000 up to the date of his retirement. PAYG tax of $22,110 was withheld from Stan’s wages. Stan has adequate private health insurance.

Payback Period and NPV:
Taxes and Straight-Line Depreciation
Assume that United Technologies is evaluating a proposal to change the company's manual design system to a computer-aided design (CAD) system. The proposed system is expected to save 10,000 design hours per year; an operating cost savings of $40 per hour. The annual cash expenditures of operating the CAD system are estimated to be $200,000. The CAD system requires an initial investment of $500,000. The estimated life of this system is five years with no salvage value. The tax rate is 35 percent, and United Technologies uses straight-line depreciation for tax purposes. United Technologies has a cost of capital of 20 percent.

(a) Compute the annual after-tax cash flows related to the CAD project.
$ Answer

(b) Compute each of the following for the project:

1. Payback period. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
Answer years

2. Net present value. (Round answer to the nearest whole number. Use a negative sign with your answer if appropriate.)
$ Answer

need right answers please

Decide on the two grocery stores to use in this activity

Decide on the 15 products you want to compare.

The brand name, product, and size have to be exactly the same at each store. Therefore, do not compare generic brands as they have different names at different stores.

You may have to wait until your visit to the first store to determine the “size” as you may not be aware of the different size packages for different products.

Use a variety of products to get a good representation of all items at the stores.

At each store, record the price of each product on your list. (A question always comes up whether to use a sales prices or a club card price. You should use the price of the item that you’d pay on the particular day you visit the store.)

If you didn’t record the prices in an electronic spreadsheet (such as an Excel spreadsheet) at each store, do so after you collect all your data.

Questions to answer after collecting your data

The question of interest is, “Are the items at one of the two grocery stores in your study more expensive, on average, than the other store?”

Answer these questions to answer the question of interest. (R tutorial 2 may be helpful in answering some of these questions.)

1.   (1 point) Give the two stores you are comparing and a personal motivation on why you chose those two stores.

2.   (2 points) Give a brief summary of how you chose the 15 items you used in the study. Do you feel these items are representative of all items at the store? (In other words, do you feel that you’ll be able to answer the question of interest based the items in your sample?) Why or why not?

3.   (3 points) What method of inference you used and why? (Include a check of the conditions to use that particular method. If you use a graph to assess any condition, include the graph) (Hint: think about the samples you took – are the samples independent or dependent?)

4.   (3 points) State the null and alternative hypotheses in statistical notation. Define any parameters used.

5.   (2 points) Obtain and include an appropriate graphical display that will allow you to make an initial guess as to whether you feel the null hypothesis will be rejected or not. (Hint: think about what method you will be using to perform the hypothesis test.) Comment on whether or not you feel the null hypothesis will be rejected and why or why not.

6.   (1 point) Perform the analysis in R. Report the test-statistic (with degrees of freedom) and p-value.

7.   (3 points) State a conclusion in the context of the problem that answers the question of interest supported with the p-value obtained in #6.

8.   (3 points) Use R to construct a 95% confidence interval for the average difference in prices between the two stores. Include and interpret the confidence interval in the context of the problem. (3 pts)

9.   (2 points) Which store would you shop at? Why?

10. (2 points) Provide a copy of your data.

DATA:

Vons:

Almond Milk                                       3.49

Strawberry pop tarts                           2.59

1 lb Bananas                                        .69

Head lettuce                                         1.69

Pace Salsa                                             3.39

Ball park beef franks                          4.49

Ball park buns                                      2.49

Kraft American Cheese                     5.99

Crest toothpaste                                  4.00

Strawberries                                          3.50

Special K                                               4.99

Hidden Valley Ranch                         3.99

Core Water                                           1.99

Jif Peanut Butter                                  3.09

Egglands best                                       3.99

Smiths:                 

Almond Milk                                        3.19

Strawberry pop tarts                            2.29

1 lb Bananas                                        .59

Pace Salsa                                             3.29

Head lettuce                                         .99

Ball Park Beef Franks                        4.99

Ball Park Buns                                     2.99

Kraft American Cheese                      3.19

Crest toothpaste                                  2.99

Strawberries                                          2.50

Special K                                               2.49

Core Water                                           1.50

Jif Peanut Butter                                  2.79

Hidden Valley Ranch                         3.29

Egglands Best                                      2.89

Apex Art has been requested to prepare a bid on 500 pieces of framed artwork for a new hotel. Winning the bid would be a big boost for sales representative Jason Grant, who works entirely on commission. Sonja Gomes, the cost accountant for Apex, prepared the bid and calculated full product Costs of $121,000. Based on the company policy of pricing at 125% of full cost, Gomes gives Grant a figure of $151,200 to submit for the job.

Grant is very concerned. He tells Gomes that at that price, Apex has no chance of winning the job. He confides that he spent $500 of company funds to take the hotel’s purchasing agent to a basketball playoff game where the purchasing agent disclosed that a bid of $145,000 would win the job. He hadn’t planned to tell Gomes because he was confident that the bid she developed would be below that amount. Gomes reasons that the $500 he spent will be wasted if Apex doesn’t capitalize on this valuable information. In any case, the company will still make money if it wins the bid at $145,000 because it is higher than the full cost of $121,000.

Gomes suggests that if Grant is willing to use cheaper materials for the frame, he can achieve a bid of $145,000. The artwork has already been selected and cannot be changed, so the entire amount of the reduction in cost will need to come from framing materials.

A note regarding the bidding process:

The hotel would announce that it is seeking bids from suppliers interested in providing the artwork. The hotel would specify their requirements and a deadline for submitting bids. All interested companies, such as Apex Art, would submit bids in sealed envelopes. After the deadline has passed, the hotel company would unseal the bids and, assuming that at least one supplier submitted a bid within their maximum price (this is the info that Grant obtained from the purchasing agent which is not normally known to the bidders) would award the job. Generally, but not necessarily, the job is awarded to the company with the lowest bid.

Approaches to Ethical Decision Making

There is a large body of work stretching back thousands of years that discusses ethics. The list below is not intended to be either comprehensive or exhaustive. It is intended merely to provide a basic roadmap of the approaches that are commonly applied to business situations.

Long Term Self-interest (Egoism) - You should never take any action that is not in your or your organization’s long-term self-interest.

Personal Virtue - You should never do anything that is not honest, open, and truthful and that you would not be glad to see in the newspaper or TV.

Religious Injunction - You should never take an action that is unkind or that harms a sense of community.

Government Requirements - The law represents the minimal moral standards of society, so you should never take any action that violates the law.

Utilitarian Benefits - You should never take an action that does not result in greater good for society.   (cost vs. benefit analysis)

Individual Rights – You should never take an action that infringes on others’ agreed upon rights.

Justice - You should never take an action that would result in an unfair sharing of benefits or obligations.

Stakeholders are persons or groups with a legitimate interest in a company. Choose one or more as the most significant (but not all of them).

Questions:

1. State and describe the issues, if any, which may potentially violate ethical principles. Whose interests could be jeopardized due to the potential unethical behavior that you identified? Provide reasons why these stakeholders’ interests can be jeopardized.

2. What is Gomes’ rationale after Grant confides in her? Discuss the alternative courses of action that Gomes can take and the possible outcomes.

3. What should Gomes do, and why? Elaborate.

4. What can you conclude if Grant were to take Gomes’ suggestions, and what could be the consequences? What could be the possible consequences for taking the suggestion that you recommend?

May 13, 1988 a Friday that will be remembered by a major Chicago bank. Embezzlers nearly escaped with $69 million! Arnand Moore, who was released after serving four years of his 11 year sentence for a $180,000 fraud decided it was time to put his fingers in something a little bigger and better. He instigated a $68.7 million fraud plan. Naming himself as "Chairman," he assembled Herschel Bailey, Otis Wilson, Neal Jackson, Leonard Strickland, and Ronald Carson to complete the formation of his "Board". Most importantly, the "Board" was able to convince an employee of the Chicago bank to provide their "in". The caper required one month of planning in a small hotel in Chicago and took all 64 minutes to complete. The employee had worked for the Chicago bank for eight years and he was employed in the bank's wire transfer section, which dispatches multimillion-dollar sums around the world via computers and phone lines. Some of the bank's largest customers send funds from their accounts directly to creditors and suppliers. For electronic transfers,most banks require that a bank employee call back another executive at the customer's offices to reconfirm the order, using various code numbers. All such calls are automatically taped. The crooked employee participated in these deposits and confirmations, and he had access to all the code numbers and names of appropriate executives with whom to communicate. The "Board's" targets were Merrill Lynch, United Airlines, and Brown_Forman Distillers. A few members of the gang set up phony bank accounts in Vienna under the false names of "Lord Investments," "Walter Newman," and "GTL Industries." at 8:30 a.m. a gang member posing as a Merrill Lynch executive called the bank to arrange a transfer of $24 million to the account of "Lord Of Investments,", and was assisted by one of the crooked employees unsuspecting co-workers. In accordance with the bank's practice of confirming the transfers with a second executive of the company, the employee stepped in and called another supposed "Merrill Lynch" executive who was actually Bailey, his partner in crime. Bailey's unfaltering, convincing voice was recorded automatically on the tape machine, and the crooked employee wired the funds to Vienna via the New York City bank. The same procedure followed at 9:02 and 9:34 a.m. with phony calls on behalf of United Airlines and Brown-Forman. The funds were initially sent to Citibank and Chase Manhattan Bank, respectively. On Monday, May 16, the plot was uncovered. the "Chairman and his "Board" were discovered by neither effort on the part of the Chicago bank nor any investigative authority. Although bank leaders do not like to admit just how close the culprits came to "getting away with it," investigators were amazed at how far the scheme proceeded before being exposed. Had the men been a little less greedy, say possibly $40 million, or if they had chosen accounts that were a little less active, they may have been touring the world to this day! The plot was discovered because the transfers overdrew the balances in two of the accounts, and when the companies were contacted to explain the NSF transactions, they knew nothing about the transfers.

1. How could this fraud have been prevented? Why is this a difficult fraud to prevent?

On may 13,1988 a Friday incidentally, will be remembered by a major Chicago bank. Embezzlers nearly escaped with $69 million! Arnand Moore, who was released after serving four years of his 11 year sentencd for a $180,000 fraud decided it was time to put his fingers in something a little bigger and better. He instigated a $68.7 million fraud plan. Naming himself as "Chairman," he assembled Herschel Bailey, Otis Wilson,Neal Jackson,Leonard Strickland, and Ronald Carson to complete the formation of his "Board". Most importantly, the "Board" was able to convince an employee of the Chicago bank to provide their "in". The caper required one month of planning in a smaill hotel in Chicagoand took all 64 minutes to complete.

The employee had worked for the Chicago bank for eight years and he was employed in the bank's wire transger section,which dispatches multimillin-dollar sums around the world via computers and phone lines. Some of the bank's largest customers send funds from their accounts directly to creditors and suppliers. For electronic transfers,most banks require that a bank employee call back another executive at the customer's offices to reconfirm the order, using various code numbers. All such calls are automatically taped. The crokked employee participated in these deposits and confirmations, and he had access to all the code numbers and names of appropriate executives with whom to communicate.

The "Board's" targets were Merrill Lynch, United Airlines, and Brown_Forman Distellers. A few members of the gang set up phony bank accoutns in Vienna under the false names of "Lord Investments," "Walter Newman," and "GTL Industries." at 8:30 a.m. a gang member posing as a Merrill Lynch executive called the bank to arrange a transfer of $24 million to the account of "Lord Of Investments,", and was assisted by one of the crooked employees unsuspecting co-workers. In accordance with the bank's practice of confirming the transfers with a second executive of the company, the employee stepped in and called anothe supposed "Merrill Lynch" executive who was actually Bailey, his partner in crime. bailey's unfaltering, convincing voice was recorded automatically on the tape machine, and the crooked employee wired the funds to Vienna via the New York City bank. The same procedure followed at 9:02 amd 9:34 a.m. with phony calls on behalf of United Airlines and Brown-Forman. The funds were initally sent to Citibank and Chase Manhattan Bank, respectively.

On Monday, May 16, the plot was uncovered. the "Chairman and his "Board" were discovered by neither effort on the part of the Chicago bank nor any investigative authority. Although bank leaders do not like to admit just how close the culprits came to "getting away with it," investigators were amazed at how far the scheme proceeded before being exposed. Had the men been a little less greedy, say possibly $40 million, or if they had chosen accounts that were a little less active, they may have been touring the world to this day! The plot was discovered because the transfers overdrew the balances in two of the accounts, and when the companies were contacted to explain the NSF transactions, they knew nothing about the transfers.

1. How could this fraud have been prevented? Why is this a difficult fraud to prevent?