Sarah is single. She files her tax return as Single. Her 2020 income from wages is $450,400. She has “net long-term capital gains” of $100,000. Total 2020 gross income is $550,400. Sarah is under 65 years of age and does not itemize her deductions. What is Sarah’s total federal income tax?

A) $112,829.75       

B) $128,095.50.     

C) $147,922.50

D) $149,701

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Assume in 2019 the rate of job separation is 1% and the rate of job finding is 19%. In 2020 during a recession, 85 out of every 1000 employed workers become separated from their jobs while 21 out of every 100 unemployed workers find jobs.

a. what is the natural rate of unemployment during the recession?

b. what is the percent change in the unemployment rate between 2019 and 2020?

c. describe a governmental program that will decrease the unemployment rate

Tyco International, the conglomerate whose former chief was convicted of looting the company, would pay $US50 million to settle accounting fraud charges, United States authorities said yesterday. The penalty was for an alleged $US1 billion overstatement of Tyco results between 1996 and 2002 in an accounting fraud "orchestrated at the highest levels of the company", the US Securities and Exchange Commission said. The lurid details of how former chief executive Dennis Kozlowski spent Tyco's money -on a $US2 million birthday party for his wife in Sardinia and a $US6000 shower curtain for his $US18 million Manhattan apartment, for instance - came to symbolise corporate excess during a time of scandals. Kozlowski was sentenced for stealing more than $US150 million from Tyco in a case that also led to the conviction of former chief financial officer Mark Swartz. The Bermuda-based Tyco said the $US50 million SEC settlement, the cost of which it had previously reported, closed the agency's probe of its former officials' accounting

practices. Tyco neither admitted nor denied wrongdoing, as is customary in SEC settlements. The SEC said Tyco inflated profit by at least $US500 million through improper accounting of some of the acquisitions it made from 1996 to 2002. Required: a. In this Tyco’s case highest level of company executives were involved in criminal activities and stole from the company. Suggest steps & guidelines to prevent unacceptable practices. b. Do you think management of company has an ethical and moral responsibility towards shareholders? Comment briefly.

A) Relying STRICTLY on our classroom discussion: the US corporate tax rate was recently reduced from 35% to 21%. In the near future, would you expect the target (optimal) D/V ratios of US companies to increase or decrease as the result of this change? (2-3 sentences)

B) What LEGISLATIVE change (i.e. a law or a regulation), if adopted, would most likely cause the target (optimal) D/V ratios of US companies to move in the OPPOSITE direction compared to the one you predicted in part (A)? (2-3 sentences)

C) Relying STRICTLY on our classroom discussion: Assume US personal tax rates on capital gains will be reduced next month. In the near future, would you expect the propensity to pay dividends among US companies to increase or decrease as the result of this change? (2-3 sentences)

D) The need for financial flexibility is sometimes used as explanation for the tendency of US firms to utilize LOWER D/V ratios compared to the (optimal) target ratios based on the trade-off between tax benefits and distress- or agency-related drawbacks associated with debt financing. Give one argument for why the need for financial flexibility is likely NOT the reason for relatively low D/V ratio utilized by Walmart. (2-3 sentences)

In US, the natural rate of unemployment rose while union membership kept falling from 1950 to 1980. Thus it seems that unions’ bargaining power is not the only cause of structural unemployment.

True

False

4. Based on data from the Insurance Research Council, about 14% of US drivers are uninsured. Let’s assume the 14% is true and we randomly select 250 US drivers. Round all probabilities to 3 significant figures.

1. Find the mean and standard deviation for number of uninsured drivers among the 250 we select.

2. Use your results from part (a), and the range rule of thumb to identify the values that are significantly low and high.

3. Determine the probability that at most 20 drivers of the 250 selected are uninsured.

4. Given that 20 drivers out of the 250 selected were uninsured,what can we conclude?

Can immune system evolve to protect us from helminthes and protozoan parasites? Can the generation of antigen specific T and B cells response to plant, human, dog, insect or bacteria?

What, in your opinion, did the US and China gain from this prolonged trade war? Elaborate.

(Tip: this question requires further research to form a well-structured

and rounded answer.)