A girl throws a rock horizontally, with a velocity of 10 m/s, from a bridge. It falls 20 m to the water below. a) How long does it take for the rock to reach the water? b) How far does the rock travel horizontally before striking the water, assuming negligible air resistance? c) what is the final horizontal velocity of the ball ? d)What is the final vertical velocity of the ball? e) the magnitude of the final velocity of the ball,

Physics University 1

According to a recent​ report, 46% of college student internships are unpaid. A recent survey of 60 college interns at a local university found that 31 had unpaid internships.

a. Use the​ five-step p-value approach to hypothesis testing and a 0.05 level of significance to determine whether the proportion of college interns that had unpaid internships is different from 0.46.

b. Assume that the study found that 3838 of the 6060 college interns had unpaid internships and repeat​ (a). Are the conclusions the​ same?

Review the discussion question and answer below. Do you agree with the answer? why or why not? Give your opinion.

Discussion Question:

1. Suppose an employer gives employees an insurance discount based on number of hours of physical fitness activities. Who benefits from the program? Who is harmed? Is this ethical?

2. Suppose an employer charges all employees the same premium, regardless of their health habits, Who benefits? Who is harmed? Is this ethical?

Answer:

1) In such a scenario, all the concerned parties, i.e the employer , insurance company and the employees will benefit from the program. When the employee is encouraged to participate in physical activities, it would help in improving the health and wellness of the employee. Also, the employee would receive discounts on their insurance program. The improvement in health will lead to an increase in the productivity of the employee and make him more efficient at the workplace. This could be due to the fact that a healthy body leads to a healthy mind, which in turn will lead to fewer episodes of absenteeism from workplace on account of ill health.

These benefits due to a better health benefit both the employee and the employer. Also, the insurance company will be benefit as they would have lesser insurance claims to settle on account of ill health.

However, if the organization imposes extreme methods to encourage physical fitness or expects the employees to follow rigorous physical activities in order to claim the discounts then it could prove to be detrimental to both the employer and the employee. It is a known fact that people tend to dislike imposition of extreme forms of physical activities. Under such a scenario, employees would feel burdened with the program and will lose enthusiasm towards the workplace. The employer will also be at loss. Employer could lose talented employees and also the organization will have to incur monetary losses in case the program fails.

The program can be ethical if the limits and the conditions to qualify for discounts, the kind of physical activity expected, the amount of physical activity expected etc is discussed and implemented after consultation with the employees. If the physical fitness activities are left to the discretion of the employees without much interference from the organization, then it may be ethical.

However, if the organization is the sole planner of the entire program and imposes difficult and strenuous physical activities to be completed or threatens the employees with fines or other punishments for refusing to participate in the program then it can be unethical and harmful to both the employer and the employee.

2)  When an employer charges same premium regardless of health habits it is beneficial to the employer and employee. It provides full premium to the employee and any sudden health problems can also be covered as health will not be the same always. This also makes everyone in the company equal and gives equal rights and benefits to everyone which is also ethical.

Each of the variables are described as follows.

Feelings towards Barack Obama are measured 0-100 with higher values indicating more positive opinions.

Gender is variable that equals 1 for respondents who identify as female and 0 for respondents who do not.

Race is a variable that equals 1 for respondents who identify as white and 0 for respondents who do not.

Age is the number of years the respondent reports having been alive.

Income is a 28-point scale with higher values denoting greater income earned.

Education is a four-point scale with higher values denoting greater educational attainment (High school or less, Some college, Finished college, Advanced degree).

Marital status is a variable that equals 1 for respondents who are married and 0 for respondents who are not.

Partisanship is the respondents’ self-placement on a seven-point scale ranging from 1 to 7 as follows: Strong Democrat, Weak Democrat, Democratic Leaning Independent, Independent, Republican Leaning Independent, Weak Republican, Strong Republican.

*Data:

Fill in the empty cells of the following table. (This should be used as a template for your own linear model included in your data project.)

Table 1. Regression Estimates of Attitudes Towards Obama

2. Using the table you created, answer the following questions (be sure to consult the regression slides on interpreting coefficients properly):

a. What effect does being female have on attitudes towards Obama?

b. What effect does being white have on attitudes towards Obama?

c. What is the relationship between age and attitudes towards Obama?

d. What is the relationship between income and attitudes towards Obama?

e. What is the relationship between education and attitudes towards Obama?

f. What is the relationship between partisanship and attitudes towards Obama?

g. What effect does being married have on attitudes towards Obama?

3. Elaborate on the previous answers by answering the following:

a. Holding all else equal, what effect does increasing one’s age by 15 years have on attitudes towards Obama? b. Holding all else constant, what effect does increasing one’s income by 10 points on this scale have on attitudes towards Obama?

c. Holding all else constant, what effect does moving from the lowest level of education to the highest level of education have on attitudes towards Obama?

d. Holding all else constant, what effect does moving from the lowest level of partisanship to the highest level of partisanship have on attitudes towards Obama?

4. Again using the table you created, answer the following questions:

a. What is the predicted score for Obama from a respondent who is (1) female (2) white (3) 40 years old (4) falls at the median value of income (5) finished college (6) identifies as a Democratic leaning Independent and (7) is married?

b. What is the predicted score for Obama from a respondent who is (1) male (2) white (3) 60 years old (4) has the highest level of income (5) never attended college (6) identifies as a Strong Republican and (7) is married?

c. What is the predicted score for Obama from a respondent who is (1) male (2) not white (3) 23 years old (4) has the sixth-lowest level of income (5) completed college (6) identifies as a Strong Democrat and (7) is not married?

1. A donor, Jill Brown, puts an entry into her last will and testament to leave Miss University in Mississippi $15,000,000 on October 10, 2018 to be used to pay for a new classroom building named after her late husband, Billy Brown. The university was immediately informed of this bequest by the donor's attorney on October 21, 2018. The donor dies on January 2, 2019. The university receives the check for the bequest on May 4, 2019. The classroom building planning and construction began December 3, 2019 and was placed into operation in January 2, 2021. When should the $15,000,000 bequest be recognized by Miss University?

A. October 21, 2018.

B. January 2, 2019.

C. May 4, 2019.

D. January 2, 2021.

2. A donor pledges $100,000 on December 15, 2018 to be paid in one amount to Columbia University. No donor restrictions were applied. The contribution is to be received four years from the pledge. If the present value of $1 at 3 percent is 0.8885, the journal entry to record the pledge would include: A. Debiting contributions receivable, $88,850. B. Crediting contributions—with donor restrictions, $100,000. C. Crediting discount of pledges, $11,150. D. Debiting net assets—without donor restrictions, $100,000 3. Cathleen Hallmark, president of the save-the-professor foundation, a non-for-profit, spends 80 percent of her time on presidential and board-related duties, which half of that time is also spent fundraising. She spends the remaining 20 percent of her time working on mission-oriented activities. On the statement of activities, Cathleen Hallmark's salary and benefits:

A. Should all be recognized as management and general expenses.

B. Should be subdivided as half in fundraising and half in management and general expenses.

C. Should be subdivided as 20 percent in program expenses, 40 percent in management and general, with the remainder in fundraising expenses.

D. Should never be allocated to program expenses.

3. Cathleen Hallmark, president of the save-the-professor foundation, a non-for-profit, spends 80 percent

of her time on presidential and board-related duties, which half of that time is also spent fundraising. She

spends the remaining 20 percent of her time working on mission-oriented activities. On the statement of

activities, Cathleen Hallmark's salary and benefits:

A. Should all be recognized as management and general expenses.

B. Should be subdivided as half in fundraising and half in management and general expenses.

C. Should be subdivided as 20 percent in program expenses, 40 percent in management and general, with

the remainder in fundraising expenses.

D. Should never be allocated to program expenses.

What is your interpretation of “muddling through” as a process of public budgeting strategy? What are the pros and cons of using this process? Do you think “muddling through” is a feasible method in today’s fiscal climate? Why or why not?

The Science of Muddling Through By CHARLES E. LINDBLOM Associate Professor of Economics Yale University SUPPOSE an administrator is given respon- sibility for formulating policy with re- spect to inflation. He might start by try- ing to list all related values in order of importance, e.g., full employment, reasonable business profit, protection of small savings, prevention of a stock market crash. Then all possible policy outcomes could be rated as more or less efficient in attaining a maximum of these values. This would of course require a prodigious inquiry into values held by members of society and an equally prodigious set of calculations on how much of each value is equal to how much of each other value. He could then proceed to outline all possible policy alternatives. In a third step, he would undertake systematic comparison of his multi- tude of alternatives to determine which at- tains the greatest amount of values. In comparing policies, he would take ad- vantage of any theory available that general- ized about classes of policies. In considering inflation, for example, he would compare all policies in the light of the theory of prices. Since no alternatives are beyond his investi- gation, he would consider strict central con- trol and the abolition of all prices and mar- kets on the one hand and elimination of all public controls with reliance completely on the free market on the other, both in the light of whatever theoretical generalizations he could find on such hypothetical economies. Finally, he would try to make the choice that would in fact maximize his values. An alternative line of attack would be to set as his principal objective, either explicitly or without conscious thought, the relatively simple goal of keeping prices level. This ob- jective might be compromised or complicated by only a few other goals, such as full em- > Short courses, books, and articles exhort admin- istrators to make decisions more methodically, but there has been little analysis of the decision-making process now used by public administrators. The usual process is investigated here-and generally de- fended against proposals for more "scientific" meth- ods. Decisions of individual administrators, of course, must be integrated with decisions of others to form the mosaic of public policy. This integration of individual decisions has become the major con- cern of organization theory, and the way individuals make decisions necessarily affects the way those de- cisions are best meshed with others'. In addition, decision-making method relates to allocation of de- cision-making responsibility-who should make what decision. More "scientific" decision-making also is dis- cussed in this issue: "Tools for Decision-Making in Resources Planning

In 2019, what is the earned income credit allowed Don Andersen, a head of household taxpayer, assuming he has adjusted gross income of $9,500 (consisting of interest income of $3,500 and earned income of $6,000? He maintains his household with his daughter.

Question 4: Suppose the current exchange rate for the Japanese Yen against the dollar is $1 = 120 yen. Answer the following questions using the long run model of the exchange rate developed in class.

a.           If you expect Japanese monetary growth to be a total of 25% larger than the US monetary growth rate over the next ten years, what is your best guess as to the exchange rate ten years from now? Be as precise as possible. What theory underlies your prediction given you have no other information?

b.           In addition to the higher money growth rate in Japan mentioned above, you are now told that output growth will be higher in Japan as compared to the US by 30% over the next ten years. What is your best guess as to the exchange rate ten years from now?

c.           Given the information in a. and b. where do expect inflation to be higher, the US or Japan?   Where do you expect interest rates to be higher? Where do you expect real interest rates to be higher? Be as precise as possible and explain the assumptions that you make at each step.

Use the following information for questions 11-20: The average cholesterol level in the general US population is 189 mg/dL. A researcher wants to see if the average cholesterol for men in the US is different from 189 mg/dL. She takes a sample of 81 American males and finds a sample mean of 194 mg/dL and a sample standard deviation of 10.4. Create a 99.8% confidence interval for the true average cholesterol level of the general US male population.

11.What is the 99.8% confidence interval?

12.What is the correct interpretation of the confidence interval from question 11?

13.Are the assumptions met? Explain. Conduct a hypothesis test at the 0.01 significance level to test the researcher’s question.

14.What are the hypotheses?

15.What is the significance level? A. 0.01 B. 0.04 C. 0.05 D. 0.10

16.What is the value of the test statistic?

17.What is the p-value?

18.What is the correct decision? A. Reject the Null Hypothesis B. Fail to Reject the Null Hypothesis C. Accept the Null Hypothesis D. Accept the Alternative Hypothesis

19.What is the appropriate conclusion/interpretation?

20.Are the assumptions met? Explain.

1. A fixed exchange rate regime

A. forces a country to give up free international flows of capital.

B. forces a country to abandon independent monetary policy

C. can eliminate exchange rate uncertainty

D. is the model used by the U.S. Federal Reserve.

2. An asset management firm generated the following annual returns in their U.S. large cap equity portfolio:

The 2012 return needed to achieve a trailing five year geometric mean annualized return of

5.0% when calculated at the end of 2012 is closest to:

A. 17.9%

B. 27.6%

C. 35.2%

3. If the exchange rate between the Australian dollar and the US dollar is expressed in direct quotation from an Australian perspective, then a rise in the exchange rate implies

A. appreciation of the US dollar.

B. depreciation of the US dollar.

C. appreciation of the Australian dollar.

D. B. and C.

4. If the AUD/USD exchange rate declines from 1.2500 to 1.2430, then the fall is equal to

A. 70 points.

B. 7000 pips.

C. 700 points.

D. 70 pips