how to choose and solve these 4 multiple choices about biochem? THANKS

The coding sequence on an mRNA contains 137 codons including start and stop codons. How many nucleotides are required to produce this mRNA? How many residues are encoded by this mRNA?

A. 405, 135

B. 408, 136

C. 408, 137

D. 411, 136

E. 411, 137

What is the smallest number of GTP consumed in the synthesis of a 100-residue protein?

A. 100

B. 101

C. 198

D. 199

E. 200

Which of the following statements about heme structure is correct?

A. Heme consists of four porphyrin rings.

B. The central iron is in the plane of porphyrin plane in deoxyhemoglobin.

C. The axial coordination positions of heme are occupied by two imidazole rings.

D. The distal histidine is protonated while interacting with the oxygen bound at the heme.

E. Carbon monoxide has a stronger affinity than oxygen to heme.

Which of the following statements is NOT an explanation for how oxygen is released from oxy-haemoglobin.

A. Carbon dioxide has a stronger affinity than oxygen to heme, and displaces oxygen in tissues.

B. Formation of carbonic acid lowers the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin in tissues.

C. The structure of deoxyhemoglobin is stabilized by the interaction with BPG.

D. Salt bridges are formed with N-terminal carbamates in deoxyhemoglobin.

E. Salt bridges are formed between acidic and basic side chains of His146 and Asp94, respectively in deoxyhemoglobin .

A 42-year-old patient with history of ulcerative colitis (UC) and anemia, went to the ED. While at the emergency room, he complaints of abdominal pain/swelling alongside blood in her stool which is watery which has been going on for some days now. Vital signs are (BP) of 90/56, heart rate (HR) 115 bpm, respiratory rate (RR) of 32, temperature of 101.9°F, oxygen saturation (O2 sat.) of 98% on room air, and a pain of 8/10 (using the verbal numeric pain scale) located in his left lower abdominal quadrant that is sharp, constant, and aggravated by movement. He states, “my stomach hurts so much I can barely take the pain”. he claims that he has been taking extra-strength Advil (ibuprofen 400mg) for the pain. His vitals were reassessed after 20 minutes showing a decrease in BP to 85/47, HR 130, RR 29, oral temperature of 101.9°C, O2 sat. 96%, and pain still at 9/10.

QUESTION

1. Which areas of our nursing assessment should we closely monitor and what are we looking for?
2. What are the major concerns with toxic megacolon related to bowel perforation?
3. What other possible diagnoses should be considered and ruled out?
4. What are the primary nursing diagnosis for this patient?

Background

You have just begun a new job as President of Unlimited Combines (UC), a Canadian farm

equipment manufacturer whose flagship product utilizes new technology to increase the

productivity of grain harvesting. UC’s equipment allows farmers and commercial grain-growing

operations to harvest wheat, barley and similar cereal crops faster and with less waste than any

other equipment manufacturer.

You are surprised to find that while UC’s products sell very well in the domestic market, they

appear to be a well-kept secret around the world. Recognizing that the world market offers an

excellent growth opportunity, you hire Patricia Paget, a new business school graduate, as your

export manager, and assign her the responsibility to create and implement an international

business plan and begin developing new global business opportunities for Unlimited Combines.

The International Business Plan

Patricia’s first task is to generate an international business plan. She develops a table of contents

making sure to mention issues of the new era in global business, the global supply chain,

technology, culture and ethics. Also addressed are international market research, entry and

maintenance, trade finance, global logistics and distribution, and legal issues and compliance.

When her plan is complete, Patricia emails a form letter to more than 130 Canadian trade offices

around the world in order to confirm which markets are the most suitable. Within two weeks, she

receives responses from more than sixty of the offices, with contact information for a total of more

than four hundred potential business partners. However, she is puzzled as to why some of the

companies appear to have no relationship with farm equipment. She receives no reply from the

other seventy or so offices.

In order to qualify the potential distribution channels, she sends an English form letter out to the

four hundred potential business partners, with a questionnaire for them to fill out. After three

weeks, she had received replies from only 12 of them. Patricia is becoming frustrated that she

has now spent over a month on trying to find potential distributors for the products, with few

results.

International Market Entry Strategies Module — Planning for International Market Entry

© FITT 2

One of the positive results Patricia has received is from a Japanese manufacturer of farm

equipment. She arranges for a business trip to Japan to meet with them. Upon arrival, she

encounters several problems. The company is located several hundred kilometers from the

nearest large city, and by sheer luck she finds an English-speaking person to help her with a train

connection. When she arrives, she is given several attractive gifts, but has brought none with

her—just brochures. She quickly finds that nobody at the company speaks English, although the

written communications had been in English, and she only brought English language brochures.

The company eventually brings someone in to help with translations. However, this only highlights

a major problem: the company thought the UC combine would work on rice, which was incorrect.

Rice turns out to be the main crop grown in Japan, but few cereal crops are grown because they

are easily imported at low cost. Only a small percentage of Japan’s land is suitable for farming,

so farmers focus on higher-value produce.

Because Patricia has arranged for no other meetings during her trip to Japan, she is determined

to make this one a success. They discuss many topics as she tries to forge a relationship with the

company, and it turns out that the Japanese company exports its equipment around the world

and might consider a strategic alliance with UC, whereby it would leverage its distribution network

to sell UC’s products.

One troublesome issue is financing. She is surprised to find the Japanese company prefers to

arrange for long-term payment terms through trade financing, but she insists that they work on a

cash in advance basis. She knows from what she has heard that international trade is risky, and

that payment in advance would eliminate the risk of non-payment.

Another issue is technical support. The Japanese suggest that they would like to have technical

training as part of a legal contract they would sign, if they decide to work together. Patricia knows

that they might reverse engineer UC’s product, and does not want to be constrained by a

contractual or legal obligation, so is not enthusiastic about this.

Marketing support also presents a problem. The Japanese want to translate her brochure into

other languages at their own expense, and ask if she would email the document to them so they

could do the translation. However, she says she cannot, for copyright reasons, but that they can

use the brochure she is going to leave them if they don’t tell anyone.

Another feature of “marketing support”, it turns out, is that it is occasionally necessary for them to

pay bribes to government officials in some of their non-Japanese markets. They matter-of-factly

say this is just a cost of doing business in some countries, and ask if UC will be able to contribute

to paying these “commissions”.

Finally, the Japanese want Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) pricing, but Patricia insists on Ex

Works (EXW) terms. This will also help her to minimize risk and keep costs down, and let the

Japanese pay the cost of freight. She has enough to do, after all, and does not want to get involved

with the complexities of global logistics.

As Patricia leaves the meeting, pleasantries are exchanged. When she asks if they think there is

a chance to do business together, she receives a smile from the general manager, who says, “We

will try.”

International Market Entry Strategies Module — Planning for International Market Entry

© FITT 3

When Patricia returns, you ask her how the trip went. She provides the details outlined above,

and replies that although it went reasonably well, the Japanese were fairly demanding and difficult

to do business with. During the next month, after repeated and increasingly demanding attempts

to extract an agreement to purchase from the Japanese company, she finally receives a simple

reply saying, “We are sorry, but we prefer to do business with Unlimited Combines at some time

in the future.”

Learning Outcomes

This case study relates to the following learning outcomes from the module Planning for

International Market Entry in the course International Market Entry Strategies:

• Explain the types of market entry strategies and considerations for both products and

services in terms of their application, advantages and disadvantages.

• Select the most advantageous market entry strategy for an international venture based on

the results of feasibility research, risk analysis, and competitive analysis.

• Identify, research and analyze potential business partners to determine compatibility for

an international venture.

• Develop a strong international business plan including key business strategies with

identified metrics upon which the organization can monitor progress, success and

weaknesses.

• Develop a strategic plan for market entry, based on the international business plan.

International Market Entry Strategies Module — Planning for International

1. Assume that par value of the bond is $1,000. What were the last prices of the bonds in $$$ (listed in the Price column)? Show your work.
2. Assume that par value of the bond is $1,000. Calculate the annual coupon interest payments. Show your work.
3. Assume that par value of the bond is $1,000. Calculate the current yield of the bonds. Show your work.
4. Write an analysis of the bonds. In your analysis you should answer the following questions. Please explain your answer to each question.
   1. How much is the YTM listed in quotations is for the bonds? Explain the meaning of YTM?
   2. If you are going to buy a bond issued by V, which bond would you choose? Why?
   3. Are these bonds callable? If the bonds that you chose are callable (non-callable), will it change your decision to buy them?

What was the role of the H2SO4 in The Scents of Esters experiment? If you wanted to convey this information in the name of the reaction, what would you call this type of esterification?

If the ester in an artificial flavor is the same as the one in the fruit, how do their chemical structures compare to each other?

In terms of all the organic compounds present, what do you think the primary difference is between an artificial flavoring agent verses a natural flavoring agent? Why might the natural flavor taste different? Is one flavoring necessarily safer or better for you than the other? (3 sentences maximum)

Hooke's Law

Objective: To verify Hooke’s law that the extension of a spring is proportional to the stretching force applied once the elastic limit is not exceeded.

1. a) Mention at least three important precautions that you take while performing the experiment? b)Give one example where Hooke’s law can be applied. c) Draw the forces experienced by the mass spring system. d) Name the forces and state the law applicable here. e)  If a mass of 250 grams is suspended, then find the values of these forces that you have mentioned. (Clear and Legible writing please and thank you)

Three hundred children attending an elementary school in Ethiopia without any prior history of malaria were each assigned at random to one of two groups after the investigators sought appropriate parental consent. The children in the first group received a new vaccine for malaria, and the children in the other group received a saline solution. After one year, the incidence of malaria was computed among the children based on whether they had received the vaccine or not. The children receiving the vaccine had a substantially lower incidence of malaria as a group than the children receiving the saline solution, thereby confirming the anticipated efficacy of the vaccine. What type of study is this?

• A. Randomized Controlled Trial
• B. Prospective Cohort Study
• C. Retrospective Cohort Study
• D. Case-Control Study

The following statement describes which phase of an RCT?

"Studies that gather preliminary data on effectiveness (whether the drug works in people who have a certain disease or condition). For example, participants receiving the drug may be compared with similar participants receiving a different treatment, usually an inactive substance (called a placebo) or a different drug. Safety continues to be evaluated, and short-term adverse events are studied."

• A.

  Phase 1

• B.

  Phase 2

• C.

  Phase 3

• D.

  Phase 4

1) Match the following to their description:

A. Shows the rate at which a study population decreases due to individuals dying or becoming lost to follow-up.

B. Shows mortality experience of all persons born during a particular year.

C. Shows the future life expectancy of persons born during the year, and the remaining life expectancy of persons who have reached a particular age.

1. Cohort Life Table

2. Period Life Table

3. Survival Curves

2. Match the following types of cohort studies to their description:

A. Exposure is collected in the present and individuals are followed into the future to examine outcomes.

B. Exposure is collected from the past and individuals are followed into the present to examine outcomes.

C. Exposure is collected in the present and the past and individuals are followed into the future to examine outcomes.

1. Prospective

2. Retrospective

3. Historical Prospective

3. Match the following elements of an experimental study to their description.

A. The investigator, participant, and/or statistician does not know who has placebo and who has the intervention of interest.

B. Participants start off in either one group or another, then a wash-out period ensues, and then patients are switched to the other group.

C. There is no randomization of subjects into one group or another.

1. Blinding
2. Cross-Over Design

3. Quasi-Experimental

Watch the TED Talk below from the author of the The Bottom Billion: "Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It"?

The author lists three types of waste. List the three with the given definitions. Give a real world example of each type of waste.