Choose a variable that will allow the use of dependent samples. For example, you might wish to see if a persons’ proficiency at softball has changed/improved after a training camp. Do not use variables that are presented in the course in order to illustrate the concept. Select a sample of data (10 to 20) value pairs (e.g. before and after), and then complete the following:

i. Show the computations of the sample statistic, the standard deviation of the

   differences in pairs, the test statistic.

j. State the decision. A training camp has changed/improved a person’s proficiency.

   at softball, or has not changed/improved a person’s proficiency.

   at softball.

k. Summarize the results.

l. Construct a confidence interval. State the conclusion. Summarize the results.

A small pilot study is conducted to investigate the effect of a nutritional supplement on total body weight. Six participants agree to take the nutritional supplement. To assess its effect on body weight, weights are measured before starting the supplementation and then after 6 weeks. The data are shown below. Is there a significant increase in body weight following supplementation? Run the test at a 5% level of significance, assuming the outcome is normally distributed. (enter 1 for “yes”, and 0 for “no”)

You are a consultant to a large manufacturing corporation considering a project with the following net after-tax cash flows (in millions of dollars):

Years from Now After Tax CF

0 -38

1-9 12

10 24

The project's beta is 1.4. Assuming rf = 6% and E(rM) = 16% a. What is the net present value of the project? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. What is the highest possible beta estimate for the project before its NPV becomes negative? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

1. A wheel that initially spins at 2 revolutions/sec is braked uniformly to a stop in ½ second. How many revolutions does the wheel make while coming to a stop?

2. If a person has a speed of 3 m/s and is located 2-m from the axis of rotation of a merry-go-round, what is the person's angular velocity?

3. A hockey player with a mass of 46.0 kg is traveling due east with a speed of 2.95 m/s. A second hockey player with a mass of 66.0 kg is moving due south with a speed of 6.95 m/s. They collide and hold on to each other after the collision. Find the direction they travel after the collision given as an angle measured south of east.

4. The Seattle ferris wheel has a radius of 11-m and travels with an angular velocity of 1.5 rad/sec. What is the normal force (apparent weight) acting on a 57-kg person at the bottom of the swing?

5. A 65 kg snowboarder travels down a 37° incline at 6.2 m/s. In order to stop before hitting a tree, the snowboarder quickly turns their board to increase the coefficient of kinetic friction to 1.9. What is the normal force between the snowboarder and the ground?

6. A 65 kg snowboarder travels down a 37° incline at 6.2 m/s. In order to stop before hitting a tree, the snowboarder quickly turns their board to increase the coefficient of kinetic friction to 1.9. What is the friction force between the snowboarder and the ground?

7. A 65 kg snowboarder travels down a 37° incline at 6.2 m/s. In order to stop before hitting a tree, the snowboarder quickly turns their board to increase the coefficient of kinetic friction to 1.9. How far does the snowboarder slide before stopping? Assume the path the snowboarder takes is straight down the slope.

Robert was diagnosed with hypertension at the age of 39. In taking better care of himself., Robert a former college athlete found himself eating poorly, consuming too much alcohol, smoking, and spending too much time sitting in front of the TV since graduating. His personal habits have also caused him to gain a significant amount of weight. Robert is now on two high blood pressure medications to try and control his blood pressure. He also modified his lifestyle to include regular exercise, stopping smoking and moderate alcohol consumption and a sodium diet.

Robert’s, father had died earl from renal failure due to hypertension he took his lifestyle changes seriously. Robert now 56, is a triathlon athlete and very competitive and strived to first in his age group. In order to gain the edge, he needs, he hired a certified clinical trainer, Carmen. Robert was experiencing dehydration and fatigue while exercising, so he wanted help to find a way to drink enough fluids while training.

Carmen designed a way for Robert to assess his physiological status (PS)before, during, and after his workouts. A urinalysis was done before, right after, and six hours after a two-hour training run to determine his renal status a measure of his PS.

The table below shows Robert’s urinalysis data.

Questions

1. What does the color of Robert’s urine tell him about how concentrated or dilute it is? How does the urine color/concentration relate to the urine specific gravity at the same time?

2. The urine color and specific gravity can give Carmen information as to the hydration status of Robert’s body at three different times. What can she conclude from the information based on color and specific gravity?

3. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates the formation of concentrated or dilute urine. When is Robert releasing the greatest amount of ADH? Explain your answer.

4 Proteinuria (protein in the urine) after intense exercise is physiological (normal). However, protein is typically not present in urine. Why is that?

5. Trace glucose that was found in Robert’s urine six hours after his exercise, this concerned Carmen, however, Robert had a large meal an hour before the urinalysis. How could this affect the glucose in Robert’s urine?

6. Intense exercise can cause lactic acid to accumulate. How can Carmen tell Robert’s kidneys are trying to prevent acidosis? Describe this mechanism.

7. After reviewing Robert’s urinalysis data, do you think he should drink more water prior to starting his training to make sure he stays adequately hydrated? Explain your answer.

8. One of the medications the Robert takes to control his blood pressure is called an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor), which inhibits the activation of angiotensin II. What are two of the mechanisms by which angiotensin II targets the kidneys to increase extracellular fluid volume, there are several?

An eating disorders clinic would like to assess the efficacy of their 10-week mindfulness training program with clients who have Binge Eating Disorder (BED). The clinic researchers first measured the number of binges in the previous week for 16 clients through self-report. One month after the mindfulness training sessions were conducted, the clients were again asked to report the number of binges in the last week. The data are listed in the table below. The clinic researchers have set the significance level at α = .05. # of Binges per week Subject Before Training After Training

Part I. (25 points total) a) Identify the outcome (dependent) variable and the independent variable (that differentiates the two populations being compared). What are the “samples” in this paired-samples t test? (Or, what are the “means” in this dependent-means t test?) (1 point) b) The clinic researchers predict the number of binges per week will decrease after the mindfulness training. In other words, the researchers believe the mindfulness training will be helpful in reducing binge eating. What would be the null and alternative hypotheses in both words and symbol notations? c) Calculate the difference scores by subtracting the “before” scores from the “after” scores. (In other words, set up the columns to calculate after minus before.) Create a table below for “difference score.” d) Calculate the mean from the sample of the difference scores. e) Estimate the standard deviation of the comparison population (that represents the null hypothesis). f) Calculate the standard error (standard deviation of the sampling distribution). g) Calculate the t statistic for the sample. h) Because the hypotheses are directional, a one-tailed test can be performed. Determine the critical t value based on the degrees of freedom and the preset alpha level. Compare the t statistic with the critical t value. Is the calculated t statistic more extreme or less extreme than the critical t value? Then make a decision about the hypothesis test, stating explicitly “reject” or “fail to reject” accordingly. i) Interpret the result in 1-2 sentences (you may restate the hypothesis accepted or explain it in your own words). ( a) Calculate the raw and standardized effect size of this hypothesis test. The clinic researchers could also set up the hypothesis to see if there are any differences (increases or decreases) in binge eating behavior after mindfulness training. a) What would be the null and alternative hypotheses for this alternative analysis? Compose them in symbol notations only. b) Since a non-directional hypothesis is examined with a two-tailed test, determine the critical t values for the two-tailed test using the same alpha level and degree of freedom. c) Compare the t statistic with the critical t values. Is the calculated t statistic more extreme or less extreme than the critical t value? What is the decision of the hypothesis test now? d) Was the two-tailed test result (Part II) different from the one-tailed test result (from Part I)? Why or why not?

On January 1, 2020, Holland Corporation paid $9 per share to a group of Zeeland Corporation shareholders to acquire 60,000 shares of Zeeland’s outstanding voting stock, representing a 60 percent ownership interest. The remaining 40,000 shares of Zeeland continued to trade in the market close to its recent average of $7.50 per share both before and after the acquisition by Holland. Zeeland’s acquisition date balance sheet follows:

On January 1, 2020, Holland assessed the carrying amount of Zeeland’s equipment (5-year remaining life) to be undervalued by $56,000. Holland also determined that Zeeland possessed unrecorded patents (10-year remaining life) worth $290,200. Zeeland’s acquisition-date fair values for its current assets and liabilities were equal to their carrying amounts. Any remaining excess of Zeeland’s acquisition-date fair value over its book value was attributed to goodwill.

The companies’ financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2021, follow:

At year-end, there were no intra-entity receivables or payables.

1. Compute the amount of goodwill recognized in Holland’s acquisition of Zeeland and the allocation of goodwill to the controlling and noncontrolling interest.

2. Show how Holland determined its December 31, 2021, Investment in Zeeland account balance.

3. Prepare a worksheet to determine the amounts that should appear on Holland’s December 31, 2021, consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2020, Holland Corporation paid $9 per share to a group of Zeeland Corporation shareholders to acquire 60,000 shares of Zeeland’s outstanding voting stock, representing a 60 percent ownership interest. The remaining 40,000 shares of Zeeland continued to trade in the market close to its recent average of $8.00 per share both before and after the acquisition by Holland. Zeeland’s acquisition date balance sheet follows: Current assets $ 14,200 Liabilities $ 215,000 Property and equipment (net) 328,200 Common stock 100,000 Patents 192,600 Retained earnings 220,000 $ 535,000 $ 535,000 On January 1, 2020, Holland assessed the carrying amount of Zeeland’s equipment (5-year remaining life) to be undervalued by $57,000. Holland also determined that Zeeland possessed unrecorded patents (10-year remaining life) worth $295,400. Zeeland’s acquisition-date fair values for its current assets and liabilities were equal to their carrying amounts. Any remaining excess of Zeeland’s acquisition-date fair value over its book value was attributed to goodwill. The companies’ financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2021, follow: Holland Zeeland Sales $ (663,900 ) $ (430,500 ) Cost of goods sold 336,800 201,000 Depreciation expense 83,000 33,800 Amortization expense 14,200 20,800 Other operating expenses 52,800 62,900 Equity in Zeeland earnings (42,636 ) 0 Separate company net income $ (219,736 ) $ (112,000 ) Retained earnings 1/1 $ (820,400 ) $ (301,900 ) Net income (219,736 ) (112,000 ) Dividends declared 50,000 30,000 Retained earnings 12/31 $ (990,136 ) $ (383,900 ) Current assets $ 125,200 $ 83,500 Investment in Zeeland 589,212 0 Property and equipment (net) 839,000 261,000 Patents 149,400 149,500 Total assets $ 1,702,812 $ 494,000 Liabilities $ (392,676 ) $ (10,100 ) Common stock—Holland (320,000 ) 0 Common stock—Zeeland 0 (100,000 ) Retained earnings 12/31 (990,136 ) (383,900 ) Total liabilities and owners equity $ (1,702,812 ) $ (494,000 ) At year-end, there were no intra-entity receivables or payables. Compute the amount of goodwill recognized in Holland’s acquisition of Zeeland and the allocation of goodwill to the controlling and noncontrolling interest. Show how Holland determined its December 31, 2021, Investment in Zeeland account balance. Prepare a worksheet to determine the amounts that should appear on Holland’s December 31, 2021, consolidated financial statements.

Your clints, Jamal and Chyna Gwynn, would like you to determine if they are on track to meet the education funding objective of their son Jarius. Jarius is currently 13 years of age. Jamal and Chyna have high hope for Jarius's future education. Use the following date to determine whether or not Jamal and Chyna need to save more to fund Jarius's educational needs.

* Combined federal and state marginal tax bracket: 29 percent

* After-tax rate of return before college: 7.90 percent

* Before-tax rate of return of 529 plan: 9.75 percent

* College expense inflation rate: 4 percent

* Year Jarius begins college: Age eighteen

* Number of years in college: four years.

* Yearly cost of college today: $60,000

* After-tax assets earmarked for Jarius's education: $25,000

* 529 plan assets earmarked for Jarius's education: $60,000

* After-tax educational annual savings: $0

* Annual tax-advantage educational savings: $18,000

* Annual education savings growth rate: 3 percent

a. Approximately how much will Jamal and Chyna need (gross need) on Jarius's first day of college?

b. After accounting for the future value of assets and savings, how much additional (if any) do Jamal and Chyna need of Jarius's first day of college?

c. Based on your answer to the question above, how much must Jamal and Chyna save annually in the 529 plan to meet the educational saving goal?

d. If instead, Jamal and Chyna decide to save outside of a 529 plan or other tax-advantage plan, how much must they save each year?