42–3. Insider Trading.

Scott Ginsburg was chief executive officer (CEO) of Evergreen Media

Corp., which owned and operated radio stations. In 1996, Evergreen became interested in

acquiring EZ Communications, Inc., which also owned radio stations. To initiate negotiations,

Ginsburg met with EZ’s CEO, Alan Box, on Friday, July 12. Two days later, Scott phoned his

brother Mark, who, on Monday, bought 3,800 shares of EZ stock. Mark discussed the deal with

their father Jordan, who bought 20,000 EZ shares on Thursday. On July 25, the day before the

EZ bid was due, Scott phoned his parents’ home, and Mark bought another 3,200 EZ shares.

The same routine was followed over the next few days, with Scott periodically phoning Mark or

Jordan, both of whom continued to buy EZ shares. Evergreen’s bid was refused, but on August

5, EZ announced its merger with another company. The price of EZ stock rose 30 percent,

increasing the value of Mark and Jordan’s shares by $664,024 and $412,875, respectively. The

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filed a civil suit in a federal district court against

Scott. What was the most likely allegation? What is required to impose sanctions for this

offense? Should the court hold Scott liable? Why or why not? [

SEC v. Ginsburg,

362 F.3d 1292

(11th Cir. 2004)]

Assume that you recently graduated and you just landed a job as a financial planner with the Cleveland Clinic. Your first assignment is to invest $100,000. Because the funds are to be invested at the end of one year, you have been instructed to plan for a one-year holding period. Further, your boss has restricted you to the following investment alternatives, shown with their probabilities and associated outcomes. State of Economy Probability T-Bills Alta Inds. Repo Men American Foam Market Port. Recession 0.1 8.00% -22.0% 28.0% 10.0% -13.0% Below Average 0.2 8.00% -2.0% 14.7% -10.0% 1.0% Average 0.4 8.00% 20.0% 0.0% 7.0% 15.0% Above Average 0.2 8.00% 35.0% -10.0% 45.0% 29.0% Boom 0.1 8.00% 50.0% -20.0% 30.0% 43.0% Barney Smith Investment Advisors recently issued estimates for the state of the economy and the rate of return on each state of the economy. Alta Industries, Inc. is an electronics firm; Repo Men Inc. collects past due debts; and American Foam manufactures mattresses and various other foam products. Barney Smith also maintains an "index fund" which owns a market-weighted fraction of all publicly traded stocks; you can invest in that fund and thus obtain average stock market results. Given the situation as described, answer the following questions. a. Calculate the expected rate of return on each alternative. b. Calculate the standard deviation of returns on each alternative. c. Calculate the coefficient of variation on each alternative. d. Calculate the beta on each alternative. e. Do the SD, CV, and beta produce the same risk ranking? Why or why not? f. Suppose you create a two-stock portfolio by investing $50,000 in Alta Industries and $50,000 in Repo Men. Calculate the expected return, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and beta for this portfolio. How does the risk of this two-stock portfolio compare with the risk of the individual stocks if they were held in isolation?

Assume that you recently graduated and you just landed a job as a financial planner with the Cleveland Clinic. Your first assignment is to invest $100,000. Because the funds are to be invested at the end of one year, you have been instructed to plan for a one-year holding period. Further, your boss has restricted you to the following investment alternatives, shown with their probabilities and associated outcomes.   

Barney Smith Investment Advisors recently issued estimates for the state of the economy and the rate of return on each state of the economy. Alta Industries, Inc. is an electronics firm; Repo Men Inc. collects past due debts; and American Foam manufactures mattresses and various other foam products. Barney Smith also maintains an "index fund" which owns a market-weighted fraction of all publicly traded stocks; you can invest in that fund and thus obtain average stock market results. Given the situation as described, answer the following question using Excel (PLEASE SHOW WORK USING EXCEL FORMULAS : I NEED TO KNOW WHICH FORMULA AND WHICH DATA TO USE IN THE FORMULA) (CALCULATOR FORMAT NOT ACCEPTED).

f. Suppose you create a two-stock portfolio by investing $50,000 in Alta Industries and $50,000 in Repo Men. Calculate the expected return, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and beta for this portfolio. How does the risk of this two-stock portfolio compare with the risk of the individual stocks if they were held in isolation?

Assume that you recently graduated and you just landed a job as a financial planner with the Cleveland Clinic. Your first assignment is to invest $100,000. Because the funds are to be invested at the end of one year, you have been instructed to plan for a one-year holding period. Further, your boss has restricted you to the following investment alternatives, shown with their probabilities and associated outcomes.

Barney Smith Investment Advisors recently issued estimates for the state of the economy and the rate of return on each state of the economy. Alta Industries, Inc. is an electronics firm; Repo Men Inc. collects past due debts; and American Foam manufactures mattresses and various other foam products. Barney Smith also maintains an "index fund" which owns a market-weighted fraction of all publicly traded stocks; you can invest in that fund and thus obtain average stock market results. Given the situation as described, answer the following questions.

a. Calculate the expected rate of return on each alternative.

b. Calculate the standard deviation of returns on each alternative.

c. Calculate the coefficient of variation on each alternative.

d. Calculate the beta on each alternative.

e. Do the SD, CV, and beta produce the same risk ranking? Why or why not?

f. Suppose you create a two-stock portfolio by investing $50,000 in Alta Industries and $50,000 in Repo Men. Calculate the expected return, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and beta for this portfolio. How does the risk of this two-stock portfolio compare with the risk of the individual stocks if they were held in isolation?

Need memo

Format: Facts, Issue, Analysis, Conclusion

Background

You are an audit senior for Burns & Allen, LLP. One of the audit partners received a call from Brenda Parker, CFO of a publicly traded client, Toys For U (“Toys”). Toys is a retailer with 25 locations and is expanding each year. Toys leases retail space on long-term leases ranging from 10 to 15 years. Most of the leases have multiple renewal options. Under current rules, the arrangements are reported as operating leases. Brenda read that changes are coming to reporting for leases and wants to prepare for the changes that will be required. The audit partner at your firm, Erica Dalton, has asked you to prepare a memo to the Toys for U audit file explaining the proposed changes to accounting for leases. She asked that you include an example in the memo.

Required

Write a memo to the “Toys R U Audit File.” Be sure to include the following:

Brief description of current reporting rules for leases

Description of proposed reporting rules for leases

Example of application of proposed rules for a lesseeAssume the following lease terms:

Identifiable Asset: Facility (building) lease

Term 10 years – assume no renewal option

Monthly lease payments beginning at $125,000 per month over the ten year lease term

The risk free rate is 2%, Toys R U borrows at an incremental rate of 6%, and the lessor rate is unavailable

Assume the lease commences on January 1, 2021 and the first payment is due February 1, 2021

Include the following journal entries:

Recording of lease related asset and liability at lease inception – use “Capitalized Lease Asset” and “Capitalized Lease Liability” as account titles

Recording of the monthly expense for the first two months – do each month separately

Attach an Excel worksheet to your memo with the following:

Calculation of the amount of the capitalized lease asset and related lease liability

An amortization schedule for the lease term

Assume that you recently graduated and you just landed a job as a financial planner with the Cleveland Clinic. Your first assignment is to invest $100,000. Because the funds are to be invested at the end of one year, you have been instructed to plan for a one-year holding period. Further, your boss has restricted you to the following investment alternatives, shown with their probabilities and associated outcomes. State of Economy Probability T-Bills Alta Inds. Repo Men American Foam Market Port. Recession 0.1 8.00% -22.0% 28.0% 10.0% -13.0% Below Average 0.2 8.00% -2.0% 14.7% -10.0% 1.0% Average 0.4 8.00% 20.0% 0.0% 7.0% 15.0% Above Average 0.2 8.00% 35.0% -10.0% 45.0% 29.0% Boom 0.1 8.00% 50.0% -20.0% 30.0% 43.0% Barney Smith Investment Advisors recently issued estimates for the state of the economy and the rate of return on each state of the economy. Alta Industries, Inc. is an electronics firm; Repo Men Inc. collects past due debts; and American Foam manufactures mattresses and various other foam products. Barney Smith also maintains an "index fund" which owns a market-weighted fraction of all publicly traded stocks; you can invest in that fund and thus obtain average stock market results. Given the situation as described, answer the following questions. a. Calculate the expected rate of return on each alternative. b. Calculate the standard deviation of returns on each alternative. c. Calculate the coefficient of variation on each alternative. d. Calculate the beta on each alternative. e. Do the SD, CV, and beta produce the same risk ranking? Why or why not? f. Suppose you create a two-stock portfolio by investing $50,000 in Alta Industries and $50,000 in Repo Men. Calculate the expected return, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and beta for this portfolio. How does the risk of this two-stock portfolio compare with the risk of the individual stocks if they were held in isolation?

Business transactions completed by Hannah Venedict during the month of September are as follows.
Using the following transactions, record journal entries, create financial statements, and assess the impact of each transaction on the financial statements.
  

2-6. Effect of accruals on the financial statements

Cordell Inc. experienced the following events in 2018, its first year of operation:

1. Received $40,000 cash from the issue of common stock.

2. Performed services on account for $82,000.

3. Paid a $6,000 cash dividend to the stockholders.

4. Collected $76,000 of the accounts receivable.

5. Paid $53,000 cash for other operating expenses.

6. Performed services for $19,000 cash.

7. Recognized $3,500 of accrued utilities expense at the end of the year.

Required

a. Identify the events that result in revenue or expense recognition.

b. Based on your response to Requirement a, determine the amount of net income reported on the 2018 income statement.

c. Identify the events that affect the statement of cash flows.

d. Based on your response to Requirement c, determine the amount of cash flow from operating activities reported on the 2018 statement of cash flows.

e. What is the before- and after-closing balance in the Service Revenue account? What other accounts would be closed at the end of the accounting cycle?

f. What is the balance of the Retained Earnings account that appears on the 2018 balance sheet?

2-7. Net income versus changes in cash

In 2018, Lee Inc. billed its customers $62,000 for services performed. The company collected $51,000 of the amount billed. Lee incurred $39,000 of other operating expenses on account. Lee paid $31,000 of the accounts payable. Lee acquired $40,000 cash from the issue of common stock. The company invested $21,000 cash in the purchase of land.

Required

(Hint: Identify the six events described in the paragraph and record them in general ledger accounts under an accounting equation before attempting to answer the questions.) Use the preceding information to answer the following questions:

a. What amount of revenue will Lee report on the 2018 income statement?

b. What amount of cash flow from revenue will be reported on the statement of cash flows?

c. What is the net income for the period?

d. What is the net cash flow from operating activities for the period?

e. Why is the amount of net income different from the net cash flow from operating activities for the period?

f. What is the amount of net cash flow from investing activities?

g. What is the amount of net cash flow from financing activities?

h. What amounts of total assets, liabilities, and equity will be reported on the year-end balance sheet?

2-8. Supplies and the financial statements model

Pizza Express Inc. began the 2018 accounting period with $2,500 cash, $1,400 of common stock, and $1,100 of retained earnings. Pizza Express was affected by the following accounting events during 2018:

1. Purchased $3,600 of supplies on account.

2. Earned and collected $12,300 of cash revenue.

3. Paid $2,700 cash on accounts payable.

4. Adjusted the records to reflect the use of supplies. A physical count indicated that $250 of supplies was still on hand on December 31, 2018.

Required

a. Show the effects of the events on the financial statements using a horizontal statements model like the following one. In the Cash Flows column, use OA to designate operating activity, IA

for investing activity, FA for financing activity, and NC for net

change in cash. Use NA to indicate accounts not affected by the event. The beginning balances are entered in the following example:

b. Explain the difference between the amount of net income and amount of net cash flow from operating activities.

2-9. Supplies on financial statements

Yard Professionals Inc. experienced the following events in 2018, its first year of operation:

1. Performed services for $35,000 cash.

2. Purchased $6,000 of supplies on account.

3. A physical count on December 31, 2018, found that there was

$1,800 of supplies on hand.

Required

Based on this information alone:

a. Record the events under an accounting equation.

b. Prepare an income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows for the 2018 accounting period.

c. What is the balance in the Supplies account as of January 1, 2019?

d. What is the balance in the Supplies Expense account as of January 1, 2019?

2-22. Closing the accounts

The following information was drawn from the accounting records of Wyckoff Company as of December 31, 2018, before the temporary accounts had been closed. The Cash balance was

$3,600, and Notes Payable amounted to $4,000. The company had revenues of $7,500 and expenses of $3,400. The company’s Land account had a $8,000 balance. Dividends amounted to

$1,000. The balance of the Common Stock account was $2,000.

Required

a. Identify which accounts would be classified as permanent and which accounts would be classified as temporary.

b. Assuming that Wyckoff’s beginning balance (as of January 1, 2018) in the Retained Earnings account was $2,500, determine its balance after the temporary accounts were closed at the end

of 2018.

c. What amount of net income would Wyckoff Company report on its 2018 income statement?

d. Explain why the amount of net income differs from the amount of the ending Retained Earnings balance.

e. What are the balances in the revenue, expense, and dividend

accounts on January 1, 2019

2-25. Classifying events on the statement of cash flows

The following transactions pertain to the operations of Ewing Company for 2018:

1. Acquired $30,000 cash from the issue of common stock.

2. Provided $65,000 of services on account.

3. Paid $22,000 cash on accounts payable.

4. Performed services for $8,000 cash.

5. Collected $51,000 cash from accounts receivable.

6. Incurred $37,000 of operating expenses on account.

7. Paid $6,500 cash for one year’s rent in advance.

8. Paid a $4,000 cash dividend to the stockholders.

9. Paid $1,200 cash for supplies to be used in the future.

10. Recognized $3,100 of accrued salaries expense.

Required

a. Classify the cash flows from these transactions as operating activities (OA), investing activities (IA), or financing activities (FA). Use NA for transactions that do not affect the statement of

cash flows.

b.         Prepare a statement of cash flows. (There is no beginning cash balance.)

Use an example to explain the matching concept.

Exercise 21-27 (Algo) Statement of cash flows; direct method [LO21-3, 21-5, 21-6, 21-8]

Comparative balance sheets for 2021 and 2020, a statement of income for 2021, and additional information from the accounting records of Red, Inc., are provided below.

Additional information from the accounting records:

1. During 2021, $248 million of equipment was purchased to replace $180 million of equipment (90% depreciated) sold at book value.
2. In order to maintain the usual policy of paying cash dividends of $68 million, it was necessary for Red to borrow $68 million from its bank.

Required:
Prepare the statement of cash flows of Red, Inc., using the direct method to report operating activities. (Enter your answers in millions (i.e., 10,000,000 should be entered as 10). Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)