A friend of yours is working toward a master of business administration (MBA) degree. He e-mails you the following note:

"Hey! How are things going? I need your help! We are studying income taxes in my Financial Accounting class and just finished talking about deferred taxes. I think the professor said something about adjusting the value of deferred taxes when it's an asset but not when it's a liability. When I looked at my homework problem, the balance sheet shows both a deferred tax asset and a deferred tax liability. Shouldn't it be one or the other? And why would one need the value adjusted for one, but not the other? Help!"

You want to help your friend, but you remember having some questions yourself:

• Analyze why FASB requires companies to report both deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities instead of netting them.
• Examine why the FASB requires valuation adjustments for deferred tax assets but does not for deferred tax liabilities.

Consider the following marginal benefit (demand) curves of two individuals for a certain good: MB_A(q) = 100 – q and MB_B(q) = 300 – q.

Consider the Marginal Private Costs of providing Fireworks in The Park, MC(q) = 50 + q.

1. Find q^M, the amount of Fireworks in the Park provided by the Market, when individuals provide the good with no co-operation and act only in their self-interest.
2. What is the efficient level of Fireworks in the Park, q*?
3. Person B brings a friend to the park (person C), with the same MB curve as theirs (MB_C = 300 – q). Find the new quantity provided by the Market (q^M) and the new efficient level of Fireworks in the Park (q*).
4. Despite being visually appealing, fireworks are known to cause negative externalities such as noise pollution and increased deaths by heart attacks in dogs. We estimated the marginal external costs of Fireworks in the Park, MEC (q) = 70 + q. What is the new efficient level of Fireworks in the Park? Consider the MSB curve found in part f, which includes person C. How does this new efficient allocation compare to the Market equilibrium, q^M, found in f?

With the growing popularity of casual surf print clothing, two recent MBA graduates decided to broaden this causal surf concept to encompass a “surf lifestyle for the home.” With limited capital, they decided to focus on surf print table and floor lamps to accent people’s homes. They projected unit sales of these lamps to be 10,900 in the first year, with growth of 8 percent each year for the next five years. Production of these lamps will require $63,000 in net working capital to start. Total fixed costs are $152,000 per year, variable production costs are $20 per unit, and the units are priced at $63 each. The equipment needed to begin production will cost $620,000. The equipment will be depreciated using the straight-line method over a 5-year life and is not expected to have a salvage value. The tax rate is 24 percent and the required rate of return is 16 percent. What is the NPV of this project?

With the growing popularity of casual surf print clothing, two recent MBA graduates decided to broaden this casual surf concept to encompass a “surf lifestyle for the home.” With limited capital, they decided to focus on surf print table and floor lamps to accent people’s homes. They projected unit sales of these lamps to be 8,700 in the first year, with growth of 5 percent each year for the next five years. Production of these lamps will require $52,000 in net working capital to start. The net working capital will be recovered at the end of the project. Total fixed costs are $112,000 per year, variable production costs are $25 per unit, and the units are priced at $55 each. The equipment needed to begin production will cost $192,000. The equipment will be depreciated using the straight-line method over a five-year life and is not expected to have a salvage value. The effective tax rate is 34 percent and the required rate of return is 30 percent.

What is the NPV of this project?

With the growing popularity of casual surf print clothing, two recent MBA graduates decided to broaden this casual surf concept to encompass a “surf lifestyle for the home.” With limited capital, they decided to focus on surf print table and floor lamps to accent people’s homes. They projected unit sales of these lamps to be 8,400 in the first year, with growth of 5 percent each year for the next five years. Production of these lamps will require $49,000 in net working capital to start. The net working capital will be recovered at the end of the project. Total fixed costs are $109,000 per year, variable production costs are $20 per unit, and the units are priced at $48 each. The equipment needed to begin production will cost $189,000. The equipment will be depreciated using the straight-line method over a five-year life and is not expected to have a salvage value. The effective tax rate is 38 percent and the required rate of return is 20 percent. What is the NPV of this project?

With the growing popularity of casual surf print clothing, two recent MBA graduates decided to broaden this casual surf concept to encompass a “surf lifestyle for the home.” With limited capital, they decided to focus on surf print table and floor lamps to accent people’s homes. They projected unit sales of these lamps to be 8,300 in the first year, with growth of 4 percent each year for the next five years. Production of these lamps will require $48,000 in net working capital to start. The net working capital will be recovered at the end of the project. Total fixed costs are $108,000 per year, variable production costs are $16 per unit, and the units are priced at $44 each. The equipment needed to begin production will cost $188,000. The equipment will be depreciated using the straight-line method over a five-year life and is not expected to have a salvage value. The effective tax rate is 39 percent and the required rate of return is 25 percent.

What is the NPV of this project?

With the growing popularity of casual surf print clothing, two recent MBA graduates decided to broaden this casual surf concept to encompass a “surf lifestyle for the home.” With limited capital, they decided to focus on surf print table and floor lamps to accent people’s homes. They projected unit sales of these lamps to be 8,100 in the first year, with growth of 5 percent each year for the following four years (Years 2 through 5). Production of these lamps will require $46,000 in networking capital to start. Total fixed costs are $106,000 per year, variable production costs are $12 per unit, and the units are priced at $40 each. The equipment needed to begin production will cost $186,000. The equipment will be depreciated using the straight-line method over a five-year life and is not expected to have a salvage value. The effective tax rate is 40 percent, and the required rate of return is 20 percent. What is the NPV of this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)

This is part problem that will allow you to fill the 2018 1040 tax form for Reba. this part of the problem will ask you to fill out their 1040 form. You should complete the appropriate portion of each form or schedule indicated in the instructions. The following basic information is provided for preparing their 2018 1040 form :

Reba Dixon is a fifth-grade school teacher who earned a salary of $38,500 in 2018. She is 45 years old and has been divorced for four years. She receives $1,280 of alimony payments each month from her former husband (divorced in 2016). Reba also rents out a small apartment building. This year Reba received $50,300 of rental payments from tenants and she incurred $19,617 of expenses associated with the rental.

Reba and her daughter Heather (20 years old at the end of the year) moved to Georgia in January of this year. Reba provides more than one-half of Heather's support. They had been living in Colorado for the past 15 years, but ever since her divorce, Reba has been wanting to move back to Georgia to be closer to her family. Luckily, last December, a teaching position opened up and Reba and Heather decided to make the move. Reba paid a moving company $2,170 to move their personal belongings, and she and Heather spent two days driving the 1,458 miles to Georgia.

Reba rented a home in Georgia. Heather decided to continue living at home with her mom, but she started attending school full-time in January at a nearby university. She was awarded a $3,160 partial tuition scholarship this year, and Reba helped out by paying the remaining $500 tuition cost. If possible, Reba thought it would be best to claim the education credit for these expenses.

Reba wasn't sure if she would have enough items to help her benefit from itemizing on her tax return. However, she kept track of several expenses this year that she thought might qualify if she was able to itemize. Reba paid $5,960 in state income taxes and $12,660 in charitable contributions during the year. She also paid the following medical-related expenses for herself and Heather:

   Insurance premiums$5,955Medical care expenses$1,260Prescription medicine$510Nonprescription medicine$260New contact lenses for Heather$360

Shortly after the move, Reba got distracted while driving and she ran into a street sign. The accident caused $1,060 in damage to the car and gave her whiplash. Because the repairs were less than her insurance deductible, she paid the entire cost of the repairs. Reba wasn't able to work for two months after the accident. Fortunately, she received $2,160 from her disability insurance. Her employer, the Central Georgia School District, paid 60% of the premiums on the policy as a nontaxable fringe benefit and Reba paid the remaining 40% portion.

A few years ago, Reba acquired several investments with her portion of the divorce settlement. This year she reported the following income from her investments: $2,360 of interest income from corporate bonds and $1,660 interest income from the City of Denver municipal bonds. Overall, Reba's stock portfolio appreciated by $12,160 but she did not sell any of her stocks.

Heather reported $6,520 of interest income from corporate bonds she received as gifts from her father over the last several years. This was Heather's only source of income for the year.

Reba had $10,000 of federal income taxes withheld by her employer. Heather made $1,000 of estimated tax payments during the year. Reba did not make any estimated payments. Reba had qualifying insurance for purposes of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)."

use (Tax Form 1040) for year 2018 and use the information above to enter the required values in the appropriate fields.