Exercise 194

The financial statements of Lowz Company appear below:

Prepare a statement of cash flows for Lowz Company using the direct method. (Show amounts that decrease cash flow with either a - sign e.g. -15,000 or in parenthesis e.g. (15,000).)

Nihau Tech has equal amounts of low-risk, average-risk, and high-risk projects. The firm's overall WACC is 11%. The CFO, Ms Chen, believes that this is the correct WACC for the company's average-risk projects, but that a lower rate should be used for lower-risk projects and a higher rate for higher-risk projects. The CEO, Mr. Wu, disagrees, on the grounds that even though projects have different risks, the WACC used to evaluate each project should be the same because the company obtains capital for all projects from the same sources. If Mr. Wu's position is accepted, what is likely to happen over time?

a) The company will take on too many high-risk projects and reject too many low-risk projects.

b) The company's overall WACC should decrease over time because its stock price should be increasing.

c) Things will generally even out over time, and, therefore, the firm's risk should remain constant over time.

d) The company will take on too many low-risk projects and reject too many high-risk projects.

Rusted from the Rain, Inc. is a producer of specialized anti-rust automotive equipment. Currently, overhead costs are allocated at a rate of $50 per machine hour produced and the company used 2,000 machine hours last year. Rusted’s CEO, William Talent, has heard about ABC, and would like to see if it makes any difference in the costs allocated to jobs at the company.

The accounting staff has provided the following information about manufacturing overhead:

                                                            Amount                      Cost Driver

Setups                                                 $30,000                       Number of setups

Equipment                                           20,000                        Number of machine hours

Inspection                                           50,000                        Number of inspections

The company estimates that it will perform 150 setups and 1,000 inspections each year and will use 2,000 machine hours. Job CRT will require 18 setups, 85 machine hours, and 60 inspections.

Required:

1. Calculate the activity rates to be used under ABC costing.
2. Using ABC, what amount of manufacturing overhead will be allocated to Job CRT?
3. What amount would be allocated to job CRT using their current, traditional system? (1 mark)
4. Explain why and how the two overhead allocation methods yield such different answers.

Sky-High, Inc. pays company management bonuses at the end of each year if net income is equal to or greater than a specific percentage of net sales. However, in the past five years, that metric has not been reached. During these past five years, Sky-High has been lowering the requirements for granting credit to customers so that more sales can be generated. However, making those credit changes has caused the company’s uncollectible accounts percentage to rise substantially; for last year, it was 8.5% of the year’s net sales.

Before the past five years, Sky-High had been estimating uncollectible accounts at 3% of net sales. That rate had been effective in that no material adjustments needed to be made at any year-end. The CEO has asked you (the company accountant) to return to using that 3% percentage. His rationale is that the economy is strengthening and so uncollectible accounts should begin to decrease. If the 3% is used, all company management will receive a small bonus for this first time in five years.

1. Provide three alternatives related to accounts receivable that might help improve the company’s profit performance.

1. Your company designs and makes electronic counting and control devices for manufacturers. It employs 300 people in the Midwest and has been in business on a privately owned basis for nine years. The industry is competitive, and your company must preserve an edge in getting new products to market faster than others, maintaining a high-quality product, offering good and sustained service to its customers, and selling at a competitive price. The company offers a privately insured health care plan, among other benefits and rewards, for all employees and their dependents. It is a traditional indemnity plan design and the cost as a percentage of total employee compensation has increased from 16 percent to 25 percent over the last two years. There is no cost to the employees for their health care. Your competitors are sponsoring much less expensive plans. Your CEO has asked you for a complete review of the health care plan and to create a design that is in line with the business strategy, is cost-effective, provides employees with choice and quality, and helps recruit and retain employees.

Can you link your health care plan to a potential increase in productivity? How? How would you measure?

Whitman and Greene are partners in a real estate venture. At January 1, 2020, their respective capital balances were $200,000 and $245,000. Their partnership agreement provides that Whitman is to receive a guaranteed salary of $100,000, and that remaining profits after the salary are to be shared in a 2:3 ratio. Partnership operations for the year 2020 resulted in income of $75,000, before distributions to partners. Whitman’s salary is paid in cash during the year, but there are no other withdrawals or capital changes. Assume full implementation.

Required

a. Compute the balance of each partner’s capital account at December 31, 2020.

b. Compute the balance of each partner’s capital account at December 31, 2020, assuming partnership income was $150,000.

Bedco makes high quality beds. Each bed sells for $1,000. They sold 750 beds in 2020 and 900 beds in 2019. Their costs for both years are presented below:

2019:

Cost of Goods Sold: $360,000

Operating Expenses: $220,000

Factory Rent: $60,000

2020:

Cost of Goods Sold: 300,000

Operating Expenses: 190,000

Factory Rent: 60,000

A. PROVIDE BEDCO’S CONTRIBUTION MARGIN INCOME STATEMENT FOR 2020 AND 2019.

B. PROVIDE THE BEDCO’S 2020 VARIABLE COST RATIO AND VARIABLE COST/UNIT.

C. PROVIDE THE BEDCO’S 2020 CONTRIBUTION MARGIN RATIO AND CONTRIBUTION MARGIN/UNIT.

D. PART D: USING BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS, DETERMINE THE BEDCO’S 2020 BREAK-EVEN POINTS IN TERMS OF SALES DOLLARS AND NUMBER OF UNITS SOLD.

Stellar Inc. has a defined benefit plan for its employees. On December 31, 2019 the company’s records showed the following information related to the plan: Pension plan assets $835,000 Defined benefit obligation 933,000 All employees are expected to receive benefits under the plan. The company’s actuary provided the following information as at December 31, 2020: Current year service cost $178,000 Past service benefits, granted July 1, 2020 29,000 Discount rate 5% Actual return on assets 6% Contributions for the year 266,000 Benefits paid to retirees 124,000 Calculate pension expense for Stellar Inc. for 2020, assuming ASPE is used.

Pension expense, 2020 $__________________

Calculate pension expense for Stellar Inc. for 2020, assuming IFRS is used.

Pension expense, 2020 $__________________

4. Ambrose Motor Corp. has expected cash flow for the next year equal to $ 1 million if it does not lose a product liability lawsuit and $0 if it loses the lawsuit. The CEO would work for $100,000 if he were certain to receive his promised compensation. However, if there is uncertainty for his compensation, he will work for the company only if the company pays him $125,000. The probability of the lawsuit is 90%. Now suppose that Ambrose Motor purchases $400,000 of liability insurance coverage at a premium of $30,000.

1. What is the expected claim cost?

2. What is the premium loading?

3. What is his expected compensation?

4. Fill out the shaded cells in the tables below