When do we use I=P/a or I=P/4pi(r)^2?

for example question 1:

30 seconds of exposure to 115 dB sound can damage your hearing, but a much quieter 94 dB may begin to cause damage after 1 hour of continuous exposure.You are going to an outdoor concert, and you'll be standing near a speaker that emits 50W of acoustic power as a spherical wave. What minimum distance should you be from the speaker to keep the sound intensity level below 94 dB?

- we used I=P/4pir^2

Question 2:

A woman wearing an in-ear hearing aid listens to a television set at a normal volume of approximately 60 dB. To hear it, she requires an amplification of 30 dB, so the hearing aid supplies sound at 90 dB to the ear canal, which we assume to be circular with a diameter of 7 mm. What is the output power of the hearing aid?

why did we use I=P/a not I=P/4pir^2?

1. Heights of all tall buildings in San Francisco 500 feet or higher.

a) Is this a sample or population? _____ 500 525 529 529 538 541 550 564 565 569 570 573 600 600 641 645 695 779 853

b) Mean __________

c) Standard Deviation ___________

d) Variance ____________

e) 5# Summary ______________________________________

f) IQR _____________

g) Upper fence ____________

h) Lower fence ___________

i) Are there any outliers? _________

If so, identify them: ______________________

j) Make a stemplot k) Draw a boxplot showing any outliers

i) Shape? ______________________ (Leaf unit 10)

2. State the Empirical Rule for symmetric and near normal distributions.

Approximately _____% of the data lie within ___ standard deviation of the mean.

Approximately _____% of the data lie within ___ standard deviations of the mean.

Approximately _____% of the data lie within ___ standard deviations of the mean.

3. Class test scores are normally distributed with mean 64 and standard deviation 10.

Find the proportion of scores using the Empirical Rule.

Make a sketch for each problem.

a) X > 74 a) 44 < X < 74

b) X < 44

Please match term with description. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.

a. High-threshold neurons

b. low-threshold neurons

c. frequency specificity

d. poststimulus time histograms

e. characteristic frequency

f. tuning curve

g. tonotopic array

h. crossed and uncrossed olivocochlear bundles

i. Interspike interval histogram

1. _____ This is the frequency to which a neuron is most responsive.

2. _____ This provides a means of determining the frequency response of a specific VIII nerve fiber.

3. _____ These respond at low signal levels and display random firing even when no stimulus is present.

4. _____ When stimulated this/these cause reduction in firing rate of VIII nerve fibers.

5. _____ These are plots of neural response relative to the onset of the stimulus.

6. _____ This is a composite of the responses of a single fiber at each frequency of stimulation.

7. _____ These require higher intensity before being stimulated to fire.

8. _____ This/These may process near-threshold sounds.

9. _____ This refers to the systematic low-to-high frequency relationship displayed throughout the auditory nervous system.

Over the past two years, Kermit Stone, the controller of Hilton Company, has been concerned that the company has been paying a large amount of money for state unemployment taxes. On reviewing the “unemployment file” with the head accountant, Deborah Murtha, he learns that the company's tax rate is near the top of the range of the state's experience-rating system.

After calling the local unemployment office, Stone realizes that the turnover of employees at Hilton Company has had an adverse effect on the company's tax rates. In addition, after consulting with Murtha, he discovers that the eligibility reports that come from the state unemployment office are just signed and sent back to the state without any review.

The eligibility reports are notices that an ex-employee has filed a claim for unemployment benefits. By signing these reports “blindly,” the company, in effect, tells the state that the employee is eligible for the benefits. Any benefits paid are charged by the state against Hilton Company's account.

Submit recommendations that might help Stone reduce the burden that the unemployment compensation taxes are leveling on Hilton Company.

You have been hired to investigate possible fraud losses in Greenwor Manufacturing Company. Greenwor’s attorney contacted you in confidence and told you that she has had many tips indicating that Chad Wits, the CFO, is somehow stealing large sums of money from the company. Wits earns a good salary of $300,000 per year, but company employees report that he has recently purchased a $4 million house, a sail yacht worth at least $2 million, and one employee said that he spends his weekends in Las Vegas, where he loses very large sums of money on a regular basis. Some employees have seen him driving a new Maserati sports car near a local shopping mall, but he always arrives at work with a plain, aged family car.

Required a) What steps would you take to conduct your investigation? b) What information would you need to develop a fraud theory? c) Does the information you currently have provide sufficient predication for an investigation?

1. A car washing and lubricating company has been operating for more than 10 years in a terrain with the following characteristics: porous, filterable with a freatic level near to the surface (5 m depth). This area is close to the estuary which is very useful to them since all the disposals and waste generated by this activity are directly released into the estuary. These disposals contain a high level of oils and greases. All the dumping from the car maintenance goes directly into the soil since there are no palettes or gutters. The operation hours are 20 hours for seven days a week. On the complaint of the locals, the Municipal Council has arranged the execution of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and you are part of it. What type of environmental evaluation must be performed by the Municipality according to this case?

a) What type of environmental evaluation must be performed by the Municipality according to this case?

b) What type of proposed professionals that will be part of the consultancy group performing the EIA?

c) List three environmental effects of this activity.

d) Mention three mitigation measures you will propose as part of your Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the impacts identified.

1. (A) With respect to perception, describe the brain structures and functions, as well as cognitive processes if applicable, underlying color identification, object identification, and movement; (B) Describe the flow of visual information from the eye to the primary visual cortex. Then describe the neural systems for perceiving shape, identifying what an object is, and identifying where an object is located in space and how it can be utilized.

2. Describe the three major structures and functions of the outer, middle, and inner ear.

3. What are the types of touch receptors located under the skin's surface? Describe how touch is represented in the brain.

4. Compare and contrast the two chemical senses of smell and taste. Include (a) a discussion of the sensory receptors for smell and taste and (b) a discussion of the pathways by which smell and taste sensations are transmitted.

5. You are drawing an outdoor scene, including trees, flowers, shrubbery, and buildings near and far from your position at your easel. Describe how you would use at least four monocular cues to indicate depth and dimension in your drawing.

Interviewing Critique:

While in an interview, Tom was asked to describe his professional experience with his current and previous employers. During his descriptions, Tom occasionally included a few negative comments about his current and previous employers. How can negative comments impact a job interview? Your response should be at least 50 words.

There is a right and wrong way to respond to yes-or-no questions during an interview. During an interview, how would you respond to the following question: Have you ever worked for a company that generates revenue through e-commerce? Your response should be at least 50 words.

This question involves closing an interview. Near or at the end of an interview, you may be asked if you have any questions. Not responding may imply you are not interested, and a probing question about the company may imply you did not research the company. For this essay, respond to the importance of closing the interview on a positive note and share an example of a closing interview statement (your personal commercial). Your response must be at least 250 words in length.

1.Describe in words the relationships between lava chemical composition, lava viscosity, and volcano shapes. Illustrate your answer with sketches of at least two types of volcano shapes.

2.In words and/or diagrams, compare and contrast strombolian and Plinian eruption styles. Be sure to address the relative magnitude (how much material is erupted?), eruption duration (how long does it last?), how explosive the eruption is, and the types of erupted materials.

3.Name and describe three tectonic environments in which volcanism occurs. For each environment, briefly describe the primary magma generation mechanism (with or without accompanying diagrams, as needed).

4.Explain in words how Bowen’s Reaction Series (BRS) works, and how it results in lavas with different chemical compositions. List two physical characteristics that differ between the initial lava and the final lava produced near the end of the fractional crystallization process. What rock names would you give to each of those lavas (i.e.., the initial and final products) if they erupted? Be sure you are clear about which is which.

1. Circle the correct answer of the following (True/False)
2. 1. Groundwater flows faster that surface water (T/F)
   2. Water table is the locus of points where water pressure is zero relative pressure (T/F)
   3. Aquiclude is a synonym to confining layer (T/F)
   4. Perched water table is a water table that forms below a restrictive layer near the soil surface (T/F)
   5. In confined aquifer, hydraulic gradient equals to the slope of the piezometric surface (T/F)
   6. In unconfined aquifer, hydraulic gradient is the water deriving force and equals to slope of water table surface (T/F)
   7. oceans lose more water by evaporation than they gain by precipitation (T/F)
   8. Land surfaces receive more water as precipitation than they lose by evapotranspiration (T/F)
   9. Residence time of lakes is lower than that in rivers (T/F)
   10. Residence time is the time required to replace a given ocean constituent by river supply (T/F)
   11. Residence time tells how quickly or slowly a river constituent can respond to a change in the constituent supply or removal rates (T/F)