The purpose of this memo is to provide some additional clarity and expectations regarding the upcoming Bookkeeping Project. Background Paddleboard Adventures, Inc. is a local provider of standup paddleboard rentals and clinics. Paddleboard Adventures is a brand new corporation just beginning business in June of 2016. The CEO has ask you to start the companies bookkeeping.

Project Instructions  Open T accounts for all of the accounts on the June 2016 chart of accounts  Post the June Transactions and adjusting entries to the T accounts  Prepare an adjusted trial balance after you have posted all the transactions  Prepare a profit and loss, and balance sheet for the month ending June 30

Submission Instructions: Please prepare the trial balance, profit and loss, and balance sheet in a single word or excel file. Be sure that all three reports have the appropriate 3 line titles. Upload the file to the Moodle website. Notes Unless specifically indicated transactions can be assumed to be in cash. 6/1 Owner invests $20,000 in the business in exchange for common stock 6/2 Business rents a retail space for $1,000 6/3 Business Purchases 10 paddleboard for $7,000 6/4 Business rents 5 paddleboards to customers for $50 each 6/5 Business purchases a trailer for $1,200, cash 6/7 Business offers a paddling clinic and 6 participant pay $100 each for clinic 6/8 Business pays $500 for a new storefront sign 6/9 A check is written for $1200 for insurance 6/10 Customers rent 10 paddleboards for $40 each 6/11 Business pays $250 to sponsor an upcoming paddleboard race 6/12 Owner invests an additional $5,000 in exchange for common stock 6/13 The owner purchases an additional 2 paddleboards specifically for rivers for $2200 6/14 A utility bill is received and paid in the amount of $120 6/15 The shop provides all the boards and delivery for a clinic to a nonprofit that will pay $1,000 at the end of the month 6/16 Business purchases $685 worth of shelving to help organize the equipment 6/17 Business purchases and donates a $100 lifejacket as a prize for the upcoming race 6/18 Customers rent 10 boards for $50 each for the upcoming race and pays cash 6/19 The business owes $200 to the State for various licensing fees pays with a check 6/20 Receive a $500 check from the nonprofit on 6/15 6/21 Business opens a visa card at an area credit union 6/22 Business pays the instructor from 6/7 clinic $200 6/23 Business has to do some wiring and modifications on the trailer that cost $145 (cash) 6/24 Business charges $85 on the new credit card for office supplies 6/25 A check is written for a telephone bill in the amount of $87 Adjusting 6/30 The insurance purchased 6/9 is for 12 months 6/30 Receives the Visa bill with fees and interest of $3 for the month 6/30 Board declares a $125 dividend to be paid later Paddleboard Adventures, Inc. June 2016 Transactions Winter Term BA 211 Assets Cash Accounts Receivable Prepaid Insurance Paddleboards River Paddleboards Trailer Leasehold Improvements Liabilities Visa Card Payable Dividends Payable Accounts Payable Equity Common Stock Dividends Retained Earnings Revenue Rental Income Clinic Income Expenses Marketing Expense Rent Expense Office Supplies Expense Insurance Expense Contract Labor License & Tax Expense Banking Expense Maintenance Expense Utility Expense Charitable Contributions

TEST YOUR VPNs 1. You have earlier created two VPNs. How do you know your VPNs are configured correctly? There are several ways you can check whether your VPN is working properly but it is important you use reliable and reputable online tools that give accurate results. Follow the steps below to check VPNs are correctly set up.  Basic IP Address Test a. First, before connecting to your VPN, visit an IP check page, and note the IP address detected. This will be your actual IP address, the one currently assigned to you by your ISP provider and that can be traced back to you personally from your ISP’s user log records. b. Next, connect to your VPN and use the same site to check the detected IP address. The IP address should be different. If it isn’t, something is wrong.  The Extended IP Address Test a. For a more detailed analysis of your connection, conduct a check at IPLeak, first without your VPN enabled and then with it enabled. IPLeak provides rich information about a number of aspects of your connection. Not only will IPLeak display your IP address, but it will detect DNS leaks too.  Testing your VPN for DNS Leaks a. Conduct a check at IPLeak, first without your VPN enabled and then with it enabled. To test whether your VPN suffers DNS leaks, go to: DNSLeak.com’s Test – select ‘Start’ and wait a few seconds for the results. If more than 5 seconds go INFO 2411 2 by, open the link in an Incognito / Private Browsing tab. They also have a IPv6 Leak Test if you want to check that too. You should not see this warning if VPN is enabled. TorGuard’s DNS Test (or go to any page on TorGuard and choose ‘DNS Leak Test’ under the heading ‘TorGuard Links’) b. Hidester select ‘Test’ to check your VPN or proxy for DNS leaks c. IPLeak and scroll down to see the information under the heading ‘DNS Address detection’ or d. DNS leak test and choose either the ‘Standard test’ or ‘Extended test’. If these tests show your ISP’s DNS server, you have a DNS leak. The best VPNs have a DNS Leak protection feature. Check yours.  Connection Drop Protection (Kill Switch) A Kill Switch is an important feature to look for when choosing a VPN because it prevents your IP address from accidentally being leaked should your VPN connection unexpectedly drop. Without a kill switch feature, your computer or device would automatically re-establish the Internet connection with your ISP provider and expose your true IP address and location in the process. If your connection drops and you are not protected with a kill switch, the web sites you visit and connections you make can be monitored, logged and traced back to you through your ISP’s records.  Test your internet traffic is actually going through VPN Download CurrPorts (free). If you see your VPN’s masked IP address in the ‘Remote Address’ column of CurrPort’s display for your relevant app process (for example, Chrome for web browsing), INFO 2411 3 you can be confident that you are making connections through the VPN and that your true IP address is safe.  For each test, take screen shots tabulate the results for without your VPN enabled and then with it enabled. 2. Save your answers in a word document Class Lab 4.docx

Assignment 1: LASA 2: Airvalue Airways Strategic Planning Airvalue Airways is a regional carrier whose strategy is to expand gradually as they can identify routes that offer an attractive return on the investment necessary to support successful coverage of the route. As part of this expansion, the company is planning to buy a new plane in the upcoming fiscal year. The purchasing department has narrowed the choice down to two models. One is the A220 which is manufactured in Europe. The other plane is the G435 which is built in the United States. The two aircraft have similar profiles. However, the locally-built G435 is significantly more expensive to purchase. The A220 has an expected life of 5 years, will cost $90 million and its use will produce net operating cash inflows of $30 million per year. The G435 has a life of 10 years, will cost $128 million, and its use will produce net operating cash inflows of $25 million per year. Airvalue plans to serve the route for 10 years. When they need to purchase a new A220 at the end of five years, the cost will be $115 million net after allowing for salvage value of the used plane. Net operating cash inflows will remain at $30 million throughout the second five years. At the end of 10 years, salvage value of the G435 and of the second A220 are expected to be about the same at approximately $500,000 each. As the company’s CFO you are to provide the financial analysis that will be considered by the strategic planning executive committee during evaluation of this expansion alternative. Your plan is to use a capital budgeting approach to the analysis in order to best assure that the decision will result in maximization of wealth for the company’s stockholders. You also want to convert the entire committee to the concept that capital budgeting should be used as the main tool for the financial analysis of capital expenditure alternatives. The company uses the historical difference in returns between the S&P 500 and the Treasury bond rates of 7% as their estimated market risk premium. The current yield to maturity on a 10-year Treasury bond is 6.2%. Airvalue Airways’ common-stock equity beta is estimated as 1.40. Airvalue’s capital structure is 58% common stock, 32% preferred stock and 10% long-term debt. An 8.8% after tax cost of debt has been determined and the cost of preferred stock is 12%. Your task is to: Describe for other members of the strategic planning committee the role that capital budgeting should play in corporate strategic management. Explain why the NPV and IRR capital budgeting tools are superior to the accounting rate of return and simple payback techniques for determining the attractiveness of capital investment opportunities. Use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to identify the cost of common stock. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for the firm’s existing capital structure. Calculate the net present value (NPV) for each plane model using the company’s WACC as the hurdle rate. Recommend which plane should be purchased and justify your recommendation. Discuss the need to manage implementation of the project so that the higher returns can be realized. Include the strategic management keys to protecting the project from competitive forces that would erode the earning power of the project and jeopardize realization of the projected rate of return on the investment. To complete this assignment, you must submit a 6-8 page paper that addresses the seven elements of the task as listed above and exhibits your calculations of the cost of common stock, the weighted average cost of capital, and the NPV for each plane along with an explanation of the calculations. The paper must be submitted as a Word document and it must follow APA style guidelines.

Case Study: End of Life Decisions

George is a successful attorney in his mid-fifties. He is also a legal scholar, holding a teaching post at the local university law school in Oregon. George is also actively involved in his teenage son’s basketball league, coaching regularly for their team. Recently, George has experienced muscle weakness and unresponsive muscle coordination. He was forced to seek medical attention after he fell and injured his hip. After an examination at the local hospital following his fall, the attending physician suspected that George may be showing early symptoms for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a degenerative disease affecting the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. The week following the initial examination, further testing revealed a positive diagnosis of ALS.

ALS is progressive and gradually causes motor neuron deterioration and muscle atrophy to the point of complete muscle control loss. There is currently no cure for ALS, and the median life expectancy is between 3 and 4 years, though it is not uncommon for some to live 10 or more years. The progressive muscle atrophy and deterioration of motor neurons leads to the loss of the ability to speak, move, eat, and breathe. However, sight, touch, hearing, taste, and smell are not affected. Patients will be wheelchair bound and eventually need permanent ventilator support to assist with breathing.

George and his family are devastated by the diagnosis. George knows that treatment options only attempt to slow down the degeneration, but the symptoms will eventually come. He will eventually be wheelchair bound and be unable to move, eat, speak, or even breathe on his own.

In contemplating his future life with ALS, George begins to dread the prospect of losing his mobility and even speech. He imagines his life in complete dependence upon others for basic everyday functions and perceives the possibility of eventually degenerating to the point at which he is a prisoner in his own body. Would he be willing to undergo such torture, such loss of his own dignity and power? George thus begins inquiring about the possibility of voluntary euthanasia.

The practice of health care providers at all levels brings you into contact with people from a variety of faiths. This calls for knowledge and understanding of a diversity of faith expressions; for the purpose of this course, the focus will be on the Christian worldview.

Based on "Case Study: End of Life Decisions," the Christian worldview, and the worldview questions presented in the required topic study materials you will complete an ethical analysis of George's situation and his decision from the perspective of the Christian worldview.

Provide a 1,500-2,000-word ethical analysis while answering the following questions:

1. How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the fallenness of the world?
2. How would George interpret his suffering in light of the Christian narrative, with an emphasis on the hope of resurrection?
3. As George contemplates life with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), how would the Christian worldview inform his view about the value of his life as a person?
4. What sorts of values and considerations would the Christian worldview focus on in deliberating about whether or not George should opt for euthanasia?
5. Given the above, what options would be morally justified in the Christian worldview for George and why?
6. Based on your worldview, what decision would you make if you were in George's situation?

Remember to support your responses with the topic study materials.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Financial Statement Analysis Paper Written Assignment

One basic method that an accountant can use to analyze the financial situation of a business is ratio analysis. This can be a useful tool no matter the type of legal structure of the business and regardless of whether ownership is public or private. To help assure the availability of the necessary data, though, this assignment will be focused solely on a publicly traded company. As an overview, you will choose a publicly traded company from a list provided at the end of this assignment. Locate the company's website, retrieve the latest company's annual report from that site, calculate specific ratios for the latest two fiscal years, and respond to a limited number of analysis questions. Please note that this entails far more than finding precalculated ratios from a website such as Yahoo! Finance or Google Finance. If you desire, you can use such a site for a reasonableness check on the results of your calculations, but any such comparisons should not be part of your resulting paper. Also, you might not match exactly to their figures anyway because those may include quarterly updates. The paper should be three to four double-spaced pages (not counting the cover page and bibliography). The font size should be 12-point and the type can be Times New Roman, Verdana, or Arial. Your paper should be properly cited using APA referencing style. This means that citations should be in a bibliography and in the body of the paper wherever you refer to or directly quote any information or terms from other sources. Please submit your paper no later than midnight Sunday at the end of Week 6. For the section showing the ratio calculations, provide appropriate details regarding the formula used, the source of the data, and the resulting calculations. Although you are certainly welcome and encouraged to use Excel to complete these tasks, copying and pasting from Excel into the Word document is discouraged unless it can be done in a manner that is cosmetically appropriate. The requirements for the ratio analysis section are as follows. Compute the following for each of the two most recent years. Profit margin Return on shareholders' equity Current ratio Interest coverage ratio Document your work by properly citing items such as the following. The website for the company The web page link for the annual report The page number of the annual report Appropriate details of the calculations

The questions that should be addressed in the second section of the paper are as follows.

If you were an accountant for a potential vendor for this company, explain which of these ratios would be of the most interest to you. Would there also be a second ratio of interest to you?
If you were an accountant for a potential investor in this company, explain which of these ratios would be of the most interest to you. In your opinion, what other ratio or ratios beyond the ones listed above should also be considered in an investment context?
What is your overall opinion of this company based on the limited analysis completed via the four ratios?

Feel free to mention any questions that you feel should still be considered in view of the ratios or the changes from one year to the next. Please also consider these suggestions for your success on this assignment. If you choose a company from the list and have any trouble finding its website, the annual reports, or specific information, consider selecting a different company from the list instead. If the company has subsidiaries, be sure to use the consolidated financial statements. Be sure to use the financial statements rather than summaries elsewhere in the annual report. List of companies (choose one):

Barnes & Noble, Inc.
Intuit Inc.
The Kroger Co.
Macy's Inc.
Dell Inc.
Family Dollar Stores Inc.
Kodiak Oil & Gas Corp.
Tractor Supply Company
Verizon Communications Inc.

Show work for full credit

Jim Jasons is thinking about starting a company to produce high performance video gaming computers. He loves playing video games. He sees it as an opportunity to be his own boss, making a living doing what he likes best. Jim paid $1,000 for training, and he has already purchased new equipment costing $10,000 to assemble the computers. He estimates that it will cost $750 in materials (case, monitor, keyboard, graphics card, CPU, etc.) to make each computer. If he decides to make computers full time, he will need to rent office and manufacturing space at an estimated $1,200 per month for rent plus another $300 per month for various utility bills. Jim would perform all the manufacturing and run the office, and he would like to pay himself a salary of $5,000 per month. Jim plans to hire two salespeople at a base salary of $1,500 each per month plus a commission of $100 per computer. Jim plans to sell each computer for $1,500. He believes that he can sell 50 computers in December for Christmas, but he is not sure what the sales will be during the rest of the year. However, he is sure that the computers will be popular because so many of his friends play video games. Overall, he is confident that he can pay all his business costs, pay himself, the monthly salary of $5,000 and earn at least $2,000 more than that per month. (Ignore income taxes.)

The following questions will help you analyze the information for this problem. Use Excel for all calculations and Microsoft Word for the written portion. One team member will submit one file in Canvas. You will be graded on accuracy and organization.

A. Preform analyses to estimate the number of computers Jim would need to manufacture and sell each year for his business to be financially successful:

1. List all the costs described and indicate whether each cost is (a) a relevant fixed cost, (b) a relevant variable cost, or (c) NOT relevant to Jim’s decision.

2. Calculate the contribution margin per unit and the contribution margin ratio.

3. Write down the total cost function for the computers and calculate the annual breakeven point in units and in revenues.

4. How many computers would Jim need to sell annually to earn $2,000 per month more than his salary?

B) Suppose Jim asked for your advice. Use the information you learned from the preceding analyses to write a memo to Jim with your recommendations.

PART A ANSWERED: 1.) Relevant Fixed Costs Monthly: Rent $1,200, Various Utility Bills $300, Own Salary $5,000, Base salary for salespeople $3,000 (1500*2), Total Fixed Cost per month $9,500,

Relevant Variable Cost per unit: Cost of materials $750, Sales Commission $100, Total Variable Cost per unit $850

Not Relevant to the decision, Cost of trainning $1,000, Cost of Equipment $10,000, These are sunk cost, already incurred

CONTRIBUTION MARGIN Sales Price per unit $1,500 Variable cost per unit $850 Contribution Margin per unit=1500-850 $650 Contribution Margin Ratio=650/1500= 0.433333

3 TOTAL COST FUNCTION: TC=850Q+9500 TC=Total Cost Q=Quantity Sold

Breakeven Point in Units=Fixed Cost/Unit Contribution Margin Breakeven Point in Units=9500/650 14.61538 Rounded to whole number, Break even point in units 15 Break Even point in Revenue=$1500*15 $22,500

4 Net Earning =$2000 Number of Units to be sold=15+2000/650 =18

PLEASE JUST ANSWER PART B! Thx you

Jim Jasons is thinking about starting a company to produce high performance video gaming computers. He loves playing video games. He sees it as an opportunity to be his own boss, making a living doing what he likes best. Jim paid $1,000 for training, and he has already purchased new equipment costing $10,000 to assemble the computers. He estimates that it will cost $750 in materials (case, monitor, keyboard, graphics card, CPU, etc.) to make each computer. If he decides to make computers full time, he will need to rent office and manufacturing space at an estimated $1,200 per month for rent plus another $300 per month for various utility bills. Jim would perform all the manufacturing and run the office, and he would like to pay himself a salary of $5,000 per month. Jim plans to hire two salespeople at a base salary of $1,500 each per month plus a commission of $100 per computer. Jim plans to sell each computer for $1,500. He believes that he can sell 50 computers in December for Christmas, but he is not sure what the sales will be during the rest of the year. However, he is sure that the computers will be popular because so many of his friends play video games. Overall, he is confident that he can pay all his business costs, pay himself, the monthly salary of $5,000 and earn at least $2,000 more than that per month. (Ignore income taxes.)

The following questions will help you analyze the information for this problem. Use Excel for all calculations and Microsoft Word for the written portion. One team member will submit one file in Canvas. You will be graded on accuracy and organization.

A. Preform analyses to estimate the number of computers Jim would need to manufacture and sell each year for his business to be financially successful:

1. List all the costs described and indicate whether each cost is (a) a relevant fixed cost, (b) a relevant variable cost, or (c) NOT relevant to Jim’s decision.

2. Calculate the contribution margin per unit and the contribution margin ratio.

3. Write down the total cost function for the computers and calculate the annual breakeven point in units and in revenues.

4. How many computers would Jim need to sell annually to earn $2,000 per month more than his salary?

B) Suppose Jim asked for your advice. Use the information you learned from the preceding analyses to write a memo to Jim with your recommendations.

PART A ANSWERED:

1.) Relevant Fixed Costs Monthly: Rent $1,200, Various Utility Bills $300, Own Salary $5,000, Base salary for salespeople $3,000 (1500*2), Total Fixed Cost per month $9,500, Relevant Variable Cost per unit: Cost of materials $750, Sales Commission $100, Total Variable Cost per unit $850 Not Relevant to the decision, Cost of trainning $1,000, Cost of Equipment $10,000, These are sunk cost, already incurred CONTRIBUTION MARGIN Sales Price per unit $1,500 Variable cost per unit $850 Contribution Margin per unit=1500-850 $650 Contribution Margin Ratio=650/1500= 0.433333 3 TOTAL COST FUNCTION: TC=850Q+9500 TC=Total Cost Q=Quantity Sold Breakeven Point in Units=Fixed Cost/Unit Contribution Margin Breakeven Point in Units=9500/650 14.61538 Rounded to whole number, Break even point in units 15 Break Even point in Revenue=$1500*15 $22,500 4 Net Earning =$2000 Number of Units to be sold=15+2000/650 =18

PLEASE JUST ANSWER PART B! (BOLDED)Thx you

10. Analysis of market share is a key to understanding the firm’s:

a. social and cultural environment.
b. technological environment.
c. demographic strengths.

d. competitive environment.

11. Donna has recently started a unique music store that not only sells musical instruments and music CDs from all over the world, but also features regular performances by renowned artists. The store also has a karaoke section where customers can try their hand at singing. Which of the following promotion tools does Donna have direct control over?

a. A consumer's review of the store on her personal blog
b. Donna's customers informing their relatives and friends about the store

c. An ad campaign managed by an advertising agency hired by the store

d. Word-of-mouth publicity through customers who visit the stores

12. Marketers can directly control most of the promotional tools they use. The tool that they are least likely to have control over is:
a. messages delivered by salespeople to the consumers.
b. publicity.

c. personal selling.
d. advertising messages and their placement in the media.

13. A defines the jobholder’s responsibilities.

a. job specification
b. job forecast
c. job description

d. job design

14. Many have no expectation that employers will be loyal to them, and they do not feel that they owe their companies strong loyalty in return.
a. older workers
b. women

c. younger workers
d. workers with disabilities

15. A major challenge human resource managers face with their Millennial generation employees is that:

a. many of these workers lack education and experience, leading to high training costs at a time when most American firms are under pressure to keep labor costs as low as possible.

b. they have high loyalty to their employer ,resulting in high labor turnover.

c. workers in this generation are more likely than other workers to demand flexible work schedules so that they can enjoy a better work-leisure balance.

d. this very large group is nearing retirement, raising the possibility that firms will lose many of their most talented and experienced employees.

16. Southwest Airlines' executive chairman states, "We value our employees first." Which of the following statements best explains this statement?

a. Southwest Airlines has only had to lay-off 5 percent of its workforce during the Great

Recession, in part due to its emphasis on employees.

b. The activity of HR is important in an organization but all profit-making activities should be prioritized before employee satisfaction and employee retirement.

c. A company’s people are its life­blood. They are the face and hands of the enterprise. To that end, Southwest Airlines values its employees as its most valuable asset.

southwest Airlines exclusively focuses on attaining the profit maximization goal as a way to retain employees.

17. Companies that get the most from their people often consider investment.

a. top management
b. trade unions
c. crowdsourcing efforts

d. human resources

18. The Yearly Company’s balance sheet showed $18,000,000 in Retained Earning and $5,000,000 in Net Income. The company has issued 2,000,000 shares of common stock. The EPS amount is:

a. $9.00

c. $6.50
b. $2.50

d. $11.50

e. none of these

19. A balance sheet identifies cash flows from three types of activities: production, sales, and promotional activities.
a. True
b. False

20. Stockholders would most likely use accounting information provided by their firm to:
a. make capital budgeting decisions.
b. gauge whether the firm is generating a satisfactory return on stockholders' investment. c. determine whether the firm can repay them for the orders it places.
d. obtain information needed to fill out their individual tax returns.
e. none of the above

Bill Grignard was well for the first 10 months of his life. In the next year he had pneumonia once, several episodes of otitis media (inflammation of middle ear) and on once occasion developed erysipelas (skin streptococcal infection) on his right cheek. These infections were all treated successfully with antibiotics but seemed to his mother, a nurse, that he was constantly on antibiotics.

His mother had two brothers who all died, 30 years prior to Bill’s birth, from pneumonia in their second year of life, before antibiotics were available. She also had two sisters who were well; one had a healthy son and daughter and the other a healthy daughter.

Bill was a bright and active child who gained weight, grew and developed normally but he continued to have repeated infections of the ears and sinuses and twice again pneumonia. At 2 years 3 months his local pediatrician tested his serum immunoglobulin is. He found 80 mg/ dl IgG ( normal is 600-1500 mg/dl), no IgA (normal is 50-125 mg/dl) and only 10 mg/dl IgM (normal is 75-150 mg/dl).

Bill was started on monthly intramuscular injections of gamma globulin; his serum IgG level was maintained at 200 mg/dl. He started school at age 5 years and performed well despite prolonged absences because of recurrent pneumonia and other infections.

At age 9 he was referred to the Children’s Hospital because of atelectasis (partial lung collapse) and a chronic cough. On physical examination he was found to be a well-developed alert boy. He weighed 33.5 kg and was 146 cm tall (normal). The doctor noted he had no visible tonsils (he never had a tonsillectomy). With a stethoscope the doctor also heard rales (moist crackles) at both lung bases.

Further family history revealed that Bill had one younger sibling, John, a 7 year old brother who also had contracted pneumonia on 3 occasions. John had a serum IgG of 150 mg/dl.

Laboratory studies at the time of Bill/s visit to the Children’s Hosptial gave a white blood cell count of 5100/ ul (normal) of which 45% were neutrophils (normal), 43% were lymphocytes (normal), 10% were monocytes (elevated) and 2% were eosinophils (normal).

Flow cytometry showed of lymphocytes, 85% were T cells ( 55% CD4, 29% CD8), however there was a complete lack of B cells (CD19+, normal 12%). Serum IgG remained low at 155 mg/dl and serum IgA and IgM were still undetectable.

3. Read the description paragraph below and identify/diagnose what the patient is experiencing (ie disease or immunological problem).

2. Once you identify the problem, think over what we have covered in class and describe what the outcomes of the disease or immunological problem is in the context of the immune system and where might there be deficiencies or problems with the normal immune system function.

3. Lastly, describe how the immune system would be working in a healthy individual. This could include a brief description of how the specific part of the immune system identified as being deficient normally works in a stepwise pathway that we cover in class. You can either use words to describe these pathways or you can draw pictures well annotated with high detail and include them as pictures with your word document you submit.