1. In the Wall Street Journal, looking at the stock transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, the price of a share of McDonald's stock was: $53.67. You buy the stock. Unfortunately, this gets you thinking and you're hungry. (I know, what does this last bit of information have to do with finance? Trust me - read on. FYI, this is obviously NOT a test bank question.) You buy a Big Mac for $2.79. Considering these two transactions (the stock and the Big Mac in that order), they are examples of

2. Below are three-line items from a corporation's Income Statement. Select the correct line to use and compute the federal tax.

Sales:                          $335,000

Cost of Goods Sold:     $225,000

Net Profit Before Tax: $ 92,000

3. A corporation with sales of $250,000 (OK it's a small corporation!) paid $11,250 federal tax on taxable income of $65,000. They also had an end-of-year party where they ordered 50 Big Macs at $2.79 each. Given the above what was their: average tax rate and marginal tax rate?

4. MTU Corporation (it stand for " Made This Up") had sales last year of $1,000,000. They sell heat shields to place on your lap for stupid McD's customers who insist on placing a cup of hot coffee between their legs. The materials cost $80,000 (that's good) but the labor to put them together costs $750,000 (yes they are union and yes the company is looking to move this operation "off-shore" next year but that's beyond the scope of this course). Advertising was just $50,000, as they mostly use word-of-mouth. They did need to raise some money this year. The bank loaned them $150,000 at 8% (that interest is due this year). The interest didn't worry them too much as it was partyly off-set by the dividend check they received from McDonalds for $8,000 (hmmmmm - I wonder if there is a cinflict of interest here?) Anyway, all things considered, "it was a very good year" (and they are not even 17 - there's a joke or trivia item imbedded here - one bonus point if you can explain what it is), so much so they paid their loyal shareholders $50,000 in common stock dividends. OK, given all that, what was their Federal tax bill? NOTE: you MUST show (type in) all work. Label each line item and indicate clearly what your final answer is.

5. According to the May 19th edition of the WSJ, 6 month CDs were yielding 1.45% (nominal rate of interest). If risk were considered to be 0 (zero) and inflation was expected to average .95% for the next two years, what should one conclude the real rate of interest to be?

6. The Acme Bank and Storm Dood Company (good old "AB&SDC") is trying to determine what rate of interest they should pay on the new 6 month CDs they are trying to get customers to buy. Looking at the WSJ here's some interest rates they found:

Prime: 5%; LIBOR: 3.25%; Fed Funds: 1.5%; 10 Month T-Note: 2.42%; 3 Month T-Bill 1.25%.

Believe it or not, AB&SDC has a rather shaky reputation - so much so knowledgeable investors would require an additional 8% to buy Acme's CDs to make up for their high risk of default (ignore maturity and liquidity issues).

Given the above, what nominal rate of interest must Acme's CDs have to pay?

Scholarship essay required questions:

Tell a story with three main parts:

1. What are the most significant challenges you have faced?

2. What accomplishments are you most proud of?

3. What will the scholarship mean to you/allow you to do?

4. Bonus: Can you connect your story in any way to the story of Martin Langan himself (story below)

——————

Try to connect yourself with Mark Langan. (Read below)

Mark Langan’s Bio:

Martin W. Langan was born in Reading, Pa., in 1907. His sweet temperament, combined with his love for candy, earned him the nickname “Fudge” as a child. That name stuck with him throughout his lifetime.

Following his graduation from high school, he commuted hours each day from Reading to Philadelphia to take night courses in business and accounting.

Lesson: Langan was dedicated to education/improving his future.

After receiving a certification, he worked as an accounting clerk at a large insurance company in Reading. He was there for 40 years until he reached a mandatory retirement age.

Lesson: Patient; hard worker

In his mid 20’s, while in a local hospital for an appendectomy, he met a young nurse, Mae Westley, who was to become his wife. Mae was also born in Reading and, like him, had taken night courses—in her case, to earn credits needed to enter nursing school. Martin and Mae were married for 54 years and had three children.

For decades, he arrived home like clockwork at 5:20 pm, and almost every day the family would sit down to dinner at 5:30.

Lesson: Family-oriented/dedicated to his family

He ate heartily, often finishing what was left on others’ plates. A quiet man with a generous belly, he loved his children unconditionally and would help them with the dishes before moving for the evening to a large rocking chair. There, he would watch TV, nap, smoke a cigar, organize his shopping coupons, and plan his bets for the office football pool.

Lesson: Organized, good at routines. Self care?

He went to church every week and took particular pleasure in priests who gave the shortest sermons. When teaching his son how to drive, he advised the boy to “Move along quietly,” and this directive became a guideline that has served his son ever since.

Lesson: religious

During all their years at home, his children never heard him swear or utter or a single word of disrespect for any race or religion. Once in the row house community where the Langan family lived, a mixed-race couple moved in next door. Neighbors came to Fudge, a respected elder in the neighborhood, to ask for help in driving the couple away. He refused, saying that Christians should not do such a thing, and his children bore silent witness.

Lessons: open-minded, kind to all people

Martin “Fudge” Langan died in 1992; his wife Mae Wesley Langan died in 1999. Their three children remember them as people who never put on airs, worked hard, moved along in life with quiet care and modesty, and did their best to live honest, decent lives.

Closing bullet points:

• Hard worker

• Humble/modest

• Caring

• Honest

• Kind

• Family-oriented

A study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of an aquarobic exercise program for patients with osteoarthritis. A convenience sample of 70 individuals with arthritis was selected, and each person was randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group participated in a weekly aquarobic exercise program for 8 weeks; the second group served as a control. Several pieces of data were collected from the individuals, including their total cholesterol (mg).

Determine if there is a significant difference in the mean cholesterol for the two groups (aquarobic & control) at the start of the study using a significance level of 0.10.   

• What hypotheses should be tested? Make sure to select the hypotheses which are written with notation consistent with the type of samples selected.

  Ho:μ1=μ2Ho:μ1=μ2
  Ha:μ1>μ2Ha:μ1>μ2

  Ho:μ1=μ2Ho:μ1=μ2
  Ha:μ1≠μ2Ha:μ1≠μ2

  Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0
  Ha:μd≠0Ha:μd≠0

  Ho:μ1=μ2Ho:μ1=μ2
  Ha:μ1<μ2Ha:μ1<μ2

  Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0
  Ha:μd<0Ha:μd<0

  Ho:μd=0Ho:μd=0
  Ha:μd>0Ha:μd>0

• αα  =
• TS: t =   (round to 3 decimal places)
• probability = Select an answer 0.4497 0.8994 0.5503
• decision: Select an answer reject H₀ fail to reject H₀
• What conclusion is reached based upon the decision made in your test?
  • At the 0.10 level, there is not sufficient evidence to conclude there is a difference in the mean cholesterol of individuals participating in the aquarobic program and those in the control group.
  • At the 0.10 level, there is sufficient evidence to conclude there is a difference in the mean cholesterol of individuals participating in the aquarobic program and those in the control group.

After the 8-week program, those who participated in the aquarobic program had their ending cholesterol measured, and the change in cholesterol was recorded for each participant. Estimate the mean cholesterol change using 90% confidence.

• The formula which should be used for this interval is:
  • (¯y1−¯y2)±t√s21n1+s22n2(y¯1-y¯2)±ts12n1+s22n2
  • ¯yd±tsd√ndy¯d±tsdnd
• With % confidence, we estimate that the mean cholesterol before participating in 8 weeks of aquarobics is between mg and mg  than the mean cholesterol after participation. Note: Round the limits of your interval to three decimal places. In the last box type the appropriate word - more or less. Think carefully about what positive and negative differences mean about the change in cholesterol based on how the differences were taken.

A 90% confidence interval was also calculated for the change in total cholesterol (pre - post) for the control group. That interval was found to be (-2.005, 2.192). Based on this interval and the one which you calculated for the aquarobic group, what conclusion would you draw?

• Neither group had a significant change in mean cholesterol.
• The control group did not have a significant change in mean cholesterol, while the aquarobic group had a significant decrease in mean cholesterol.
• The mean cholesterol for the control group increased, while the aquarobic group had a significant decrease in mean cholesterol.
• Both groups had a significant decrease in mean cholesterol. However, the decrease for the aquarobic group was larger.
• The aquarobic group did not have a significant change in mean cholesterol, while the control group had a significant increase in mean cholesterol.

Topic: Corporate Social Responsibility

Involved Parties:

Bob, President
John, Chemical Engineer
Henry, Controller
Kirk, Assistant Controller

Kirk is a bright individual who is being groomed for the Controller’s position in a medium-sized manufacturing firm. After his first year as Assistant Controller, the officers of the firm were starting to include him in major company functions. For instance, today he was attending the monthly financial statement summary given at a prestigious consulting firm. During the meeting, Kirk was intrigued at how all the financial data he had been accumulating was transformed by the consultant into revealing charts and graphs.

Kirk was generally optimistic about the session and the company’s future until the consultant started talking about the new manufacturing plant the company was adding to the current location and the costs per unit of the chemically plated products it produced. At that time, Bob (the President) and John (the chemical engineer) started talking about waste treatment and disposal problems. John mentioned that the current waste facilities were not adequate to handle the waste products that would be created by the “ultramodern” new plant in a manner that would meet the industry's fairly high standards, although they could still comply with federal standards. Kirk’s boss, Henry, noted that the estimated cost per unit would be increased if the waste treatment facilities were upgraded according to recent industry standards.

While industry standards are presently more stringent than federal regulations, environmentalists are strongly pressuring for more stringent regulations at the federal level. Bob mentioned that since their closest competitor did not have the waste treatment facilities that already existed at their firm, he was not in favor of further expenditure in this area. Most managers at this meeting resoundingly agreed with Bob, and business continued on to another topic.

Kirk did not hear a word during the rest of the meeting. He kept wondering how the company could possibly have such a casual attitude toward the environment. Yet he did not know if, how, or when he could share his opinion. Soon he started reflecting on whether this was the right firm for him. What should Kirk do? Putting Corporate Responsibility first, but recognizing the politics at play, what is the most ethical thing to do? The most practical? What strategy would you suggest to Kirk if he came to you for advice?

Use the Instructions for Case Analyses to craft a response to this case, articulating the main issues and ethical dilemma. Review the assessment criteria below before you begin writing.

Submit a written paper which is 2-3-pages in length exclusive of reference page and that is double-spaced. You should cite relevant resources in APA format.

Papers will be assessed using the following criteria:

The Written assignment:

identifies all the relevant facts of the case
articulates all of the ethical issues including the extent of Kirk's responsibility to take action; how the interests of the firm (and stockholders) can be balanced against the environmental interests; what obligation the company has to future generations and citizens.
identifies all stakeholders
poses all possible alternatives and describes the ethical considerations attached to each
identifies all practical constraints
recommends a specific action Kirk should take (may include leaving the company)
is of high quality, writing is clear and professional
conforms to the structural requirements including APA style guidelines for References.

Scenario: Imagine you are a business consultant to a firm of your choice. You have been asked to analyze, advise, and create recommendations on how the firm can ensure its future success in its current market.

Work with your instructor to choose a firm that matches the following criteria: a publicly-traded company operating in the U.S. market. Note: A publicly-traded company is a private-sector firm owned by its shareholders/stock holders.

Prepare a minimum 1,050-word analysis of economic data and business data to explain how the core economic principles impact the sustainability of the firm and what actions the firm can take to ensure success.

Address the following: Identify the market structure your chosen firm operates in, analyze your chosen firm's current market share, and identify the firm's local/global competitors.

Analyze the barriers to entry in this market to illustrate the potential for new competition and its impact on your firm's future in the market. Hints: Be sure you review the barriers to entry discussed in the course text.

You might consider presenting the data graphically. Identify and explain trends in current macroeconomic indicators for last three years including: Current stage of the business cycle. Real gross domestic product (GDP). Inflation as measured by the consumer price index (CPI). Unemployment rate. Federal funds rate. Current rate for borrowing funds such as the so-called "prime rate."

Note: A requirement of the Week 1 Influence of Economics on Household Decision Making report was to gather data on the CPI, GDP, and interest rates, so you should consider reviewing the feedback you received on the Week 1 report.

Evaluate trends in demand over last three years and explain their impact on the industry and the firm. Include quarterly (last two quarters) and annual sales (last three years) figures for the product your firm sells.

Create business strategies by analyzing information and data related to the demand for and supply of your firm's product(s) to support your recommendation for the firm's actions. Remember to include a graphical representation of the data and information used in your analysis. Examine available, current data and information, such as pricing and the availability of substitutes, and explain how you could determine the price elasticity of demand for your firm's product.

Assess how the price elasticity of demand impacts the firm's pricing decisions and revenue growth. Apply the concepts of variable and fixed costs to your firm for informing its output decisions. For instance, analyze how different kinds of costs (labor, research and development, raw materials) affect the firm's level of output.

Based on the data gathered and analysis performed for this report, write a conclusion in which you: Create business strategies, including price and non-price strategies, based on your market structure to ensure the market share and potential market expansions and explore global opportunities for your business in a dynamic business environment and provide recommendations. Develop a recommendation for how the firm can manage its future production by synthesizing the macroeconomic and microeconomic data presented.

Propose how the firm's position within the market and among its competitors will allow it to take your recommended action. Recommend strategies for the firm to sustain its success going forward by evaluating the findings from demand trends, price elasticity, current stage of the business cycle, and government policies.

1) Tuya Miya puts 10,000 euros in a savings account that pays 5% annually. She wants to buy a 20,000 euro car with her savings. With this investment plan, how many years will it take her to reach her goal?

2)To save for her newborn son's college education, Kelli Peterson will invest $1,500 at the end of each year for the next 18 years. The interest rate she expects to earn on her investment is 9%. How much money will she have saved by the time her son turns 18?

3)To save for the purchase of a boat, Nelson plans to save 200 per month into a savings account that pays 5% annually. How much will he have available for the boat after 10 years?

4)Siim Bemoll is told by his bank that his 20,000€ car loan at 5% will have installments of 377.42€ per month. What will be the balance due after the first monthly instalment is paid?

5)How much interest will Siim Bemoll pay on his second installment of his 20,000€ car loan at 5% with installments of 377.42€ per month?

6)You finance your purchase of your home with a loan for 120,000 euros in 20 years at 3% with monthly payments. You plan to buy a new car five years from now so it would be good to know how much will you owe to the bank for the house at that time. What will be the outstanding loan at that time?

7)Jeff is 60 now and has one million euros in the bank. According to demographic estimates in his country, his life expectancy is 82 years but he is healthy so he is sure to live another ten more years after that. He decides to retire now and live off his savings, for which he can get 5% annual returns. What level of annual income can he expect to receive in order to support himself until he dies?

8)You want to retire 30 years from now with 5 million euros in your pocket. Your Personal Finance professor recommends to you an infallible financial product that will accumulate profits of 15% each year. How much per year do you have to invest in this product to reach your goal?

9)Jack is 35 years old and is planning to retire at age 65. Based on a variety of factors, he is planning a retirement of 20 years. Jack determines that he will need $20,000 during his 20 years of retirement. If he can invest at 9 percent, how much will he need to save each year beginning today to reach his goal?

10)A retirement plan promises to pay an annual salary of 50,000€, indexed to inflation up to 2%, and to invest the remaining funds at 6% annually, during 20 years. To provide for the initial funds how much would you have to save?

Deliverable: Word file with explanation of your work, calculations, final result. You may choose whether to use tables or formulas with the calculator (as appropriate), but it is advisable to do both so that you get some practice and mutually check the correct results. You can even double check your results by using Excel on the side.

Using Linux in VirtualBox

To display your system date:

1. Type date in the command line, and press Enter. What do you see?                                           

You might see the abbreviation EDT (Eastern Daylight Time) instead of EST (Eastern Standard Time), or another time zone abbreviation, such as MDT (Mountain Daylight Time) or CST (Central Standard Time). Notice also that UNIX/Linux uses a 24-hour clock.

2. Type Date in the command line, and press Enter. What error do you see?                                   

The system error message appears because you must enter the date command, like most Linux commands, in lower-case letters.

To display your system date in UTC:

1. Type date –u in the command line, and press Enter. What do you see?                                                                                       

Using the cal command

In this, you use the cal command to display the current calendar, a Julian date calendar, and the historical calendar for July 1776.

To use the cal command:

1. Type cal in the command line, and press Enter. What calendar do you see?                                                                                                                    
2. Type cal –j 2018 in the command line, and press Enter. What type of calendar appears?                                                                                     
3. To determine the day of the week when the Declaration of Independence was signed, type cal 7 1776 in the command line, and press Enter. Record the calendar you see:                                                                                                                         In this case, the month and year are the command arguments. On which day of the week did the Fourth of July fall?                       
4. If you type cal july 1776, what do you see?                                                       

Using the who command

The who command is valuable for determining who is currently logged in to a system. In this, you try out the who command using several options.

To use the who command to determine who is logged in to the system:

1. Type who in the command line, and press Enter.
2. You see a list showing user names, the terminals they are using, and the dates and the times they logged in. Record your observation:                                                                                
3. To display a line of column headings with the who command’s output, type who –H and press Enter.

In case any current users are logged in from a remote host, the COMMENT column shows the name of the host.

4. Idle time is the amount of time that has elapsed with no activity in a user’s session. Type who –u and press Enter to see each user’s idle time. Record your output:                                                                                                                                                                                         
5. If you want to use multiple options on the same command line, type them all after a single hyphen. For example, type who –uH and press Enter to see a list of users with idle times and column headings.
6. Type who –q and press Enter to see a quick list of current users. Do you see only login names and the total number of users on the system?                                                                                  
7. To determine which terminal you are using or what time you logged in, type who am i in the command line, and press Enter. What do you see? (Another option is to type whoami as one word, which only displays your account name or user ID, in case you are not certain which account you are currently using; this option is often used by system administrator. Also try entering who mom likes to see what you find out.)                                                                                                                                                                                                                  

Type into a character array, or copy from an online source, Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. Write a C Language Program that will search for the following words and then print out the entire sentence from Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address for every occurrence of each of the specified words:

            civil                  nation              nobly               people             place               proper

            Your program should search through the Gettysburg Address and find the answers, not pre-load them to print out once a particular word is sought.

This is my current code that I came up with:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void) {
   char address[] = "Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate-we cannot consecrate-we cannot hallow-this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.";
   char line[50], word1 = "civil", word2 = "nation", word3 = "nobly", word4 = "people", word5 = "place", word6 = "proper";
   int loc, i, j, k=0;

   puts("Searching for the sentences that contain the words: civil, nation, nobly, people, place, proper\n");

   loc = strstr(address, word1); //searching for 'civil' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   loc = strstr(address, word2); //searching for 'nation' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   loc = strstr(address, word3); //searching for 'nobly' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   loc = strstr(address, word4); //searching for 'people' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   loc = strstr(address, word5); //searching for 'place' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   loc = strstr(address, word6); //searching for 'proper' in the string
   if (loc == NULL)
       puts("No match found.");
   else
       printf("%s", line);

   return 0;
}

What am I doing wrong here?